Grammar parses for passage 4.12.7
Open translation for this passage
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἐδόκει σφίσι---καὶ γὰρ εἰκοστὸν ἔτος ἐπῄει τῷ πολέμῳ---πέμπειν αὖθις ἐς Δελφοὺς ἐρησομένους ὑπὲρ νίκης.
Impersonal ἐδόκει governs the infinitive πέμπειν; σφίσι is the experiencer/dative subject. The parenthetical clause explains the timing, with ἔτος as subject of ἐπῄει and τῷ πολέμῳ as dative of duration/context. ἐρησομένους is a future middle participle agreeing with implicit subject of πέμπειν, expressing purpose.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 3 ταῦτα | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 4 ἐδόκει | cc | high | |
| 3 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PD-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 ἐδόκει | obl | high | μετά + accusative, temporal. |
| 4 | ἐδόκει | δοκέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal construction. |
| 5 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-DP-3P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 4 ἐδόκει | iobj | medium | Dative experiencer, potentially construed as dative subject of infinitive. |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐδόκει | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐδόκει | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 8 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐδόκει | punct | high | Dash opening parenthesis. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 13 ἐπῄει | cc | high | |
| 10 | γὰρ | γάρ | SCONJ | C | _ | 13 ἐπῄει | mark | medium | Explanatory parenthetical connective. |
| 11 | εἰκοστὸν | εἰκοστός | ADJ | A-AN-S | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἔτος | amod | high | Ordinal modifying ἔτος. |
| 12 | ἔτος | ἔτος | NOUN | N-AN-S | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπῄει | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | ἐπῄει | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 4 ἐδόκει | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical explanatory clause; form may also be analyzed under ἔπειμι ‘approach/be upon’. |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Art-D-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 πολέμῳ | det | high | |
| 15 | πολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-DM-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐπῄει | obl | high | Dative of temporal association/duration. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐδόκει | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 17 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐδόκει | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐδόκει | punct | high | Dash closing parenthesis. |
| 19 | πέμπειν | πέμπω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 ἐδόκει | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive of ἐδόκει. |
| 20 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | D | _ | 19 πέμπειν | advmod | high | |
| 21 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 22 Δελφοὺς | case | high | |
| 22 | Δελφοὺς | Δελφοί | PROPN | N-A-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 πέμπειν | obl | high | Destination. |
| 23 | ἐρησομένους | ἔρομαι | VERB | V-FMP-A-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Future|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 19 πέμπειν | advcl | high | Future middle participle of purpose, agreeing with implicit agents of πέμπειν. |
| 24 | ὑπὲρ | ὑπέρ | ADP | P | AdpType=Prep | 25 νίκης | case | high | |
| 25 | νίκης | νίκη | NOUN | N-G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἐρησομένους | obl | high | ὑπέρ + genitive, concerning victory. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐδόκει | punct | high |
ἐρομένοις δὲ ἔχρησεν ἡ Πυθία· τοῖς τρίποδας περὶ βωμὸν Ἰθωμάτᾳ Διὶ πρώτοις στήσασιν δεκάδων ἀριθμὸν δὶς πέντε δίδωσι σὺν κύδει πολέμου γαῖαν Μεσσηνίδα δαίμων.
The oracle clause has ἔχρησεν as root; ἐρομένοις is a dative participial complement (‘when asked’). The following quotation-like infinitival construction is analyzed as the content of the oracle: στήσασιν is a dative substantive participle, with τοῖς τρίποδας ... πρώτοις as its arguments, and δίδωσι governs γαῖαν as its object; δαίμων is a nominative subject/predicative agent of δίδωσι, though the transmitted word order and construction are difficult.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐρομένοις | ἔρομαι | VERB | V-PPM-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 3 ἔχρησεν | advcl | medium | Dative participle, likely circumstantial/temporal: ‘when asked’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 3 ἔχρησεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἔχρησεν | χράω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb ‘the Pythia gave an oracle’. |
| 4 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 Πυθία | det | high | |
| 5 | Πυθία | Πυθία | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἔχρησεν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔχρησεν | punct | high | |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 14 στήσασιν | det | medium | Article substantivizing or introducing the dative participial group. |
| 8 | τρίποδας | τρίπους | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 στήσασιν | obj | high | Accusative object of στήσασιν. |
| 9 | περὶ | περί | ADP | P | _ | 10 βωμὸν | case | high | |
| 10 | βωμὸν | βωμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 στήσασιν | obl | high | Object of περί, expressing location around the altar. |
| 11 | Ἰθωμάτᾳ | Ἰθωμάτας | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Διὶ | compound | medium | Divine epithet/name agreeing with or appositional to Διί. |
| 12 | Διὶ | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 στήσασιν | obl | high | Dative of dedication or recipient: ‘for Zeus Ithomatas’. |
| 13 | πρώτοις | πρῶτος | ADJ | A-DPM-S | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 στήσασιν | amod | high | Agrees with substantival τοῖς ... στήσασιν. |
| 14 | στήσασιν | ἵστημι | VERB | V-AAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 δίδωσι | csubj | medium | Dative plural participle, substantivized with τοῖς; likely ‘those who first set up’. |
| 15 | δεκάδων | δεκάς | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 ἀριθμὸν | nmod | high | Genitive of quantity/type modifying ἀριθμόν. |
| 16 | ἀριθμὸν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 δίδωσι | obj | medium | Accusative quantity/object associated with δίδωσι. |
| 17 | δὶς | δίς | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 πέντε | advmod | high | ‘Twice’, multiplying πέντε. |
| 18 | πέντε | πέντε | NUM | N-APM | NumType=Card | 16 ἀριθμὸν | nummod | high | Numeral phrase ‘twice five’ = ten. |
| 19 | δίδωσι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 14 στήσασιν | conj | medium | Finite verb in the oracle content; subject is difficult, perhaps δαίμων. |
| 20 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | P | _ | 21 κύδει | case | high | |
| 21 | κύδει | κῦδος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 δίδωσι | obl | high | Dative with σύν: ‘with glory’. |
| 22 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 κύδει | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κῦδος. |
| 23 | γαῖαν | γαῖα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 δίδωσι | obj | high | Accusative object of δίδωσι: ‘land’. |
| 24 | Μεσσηνίδα | Μεσσηνίς | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 γαῖαν | amod | high | Adjectival ethnic qualifier modifying γαῖαν. |
| 25 | δαίμων | δαίμων | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 δίδωσι | nsubj | low | Likely nominative subject of δίδωσι, but the transmitted construction is syntactically obscure. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔχρησεν | punct | high |
Ζεὺς γὰρ ἔνευσʼ οὕτως.
Simple clause: Ζεύς is the subject and ἔνευσε the finite verb; γάρ is a postpositive explanatory conjunction, and οὕτως is an adverbial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ζεὺς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N--SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἔνευσʼ | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἔνευσʼ | cc | high | Postpositive explanatory conjunction. |
| 3 | ἔνευσʼ | νεύω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Apocopated/elided written form for ἔνευσε; aorist indicative active. |
| 4 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 3 ἔνευσʼ | advmod | high | |
| 5 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἔνευσʼ | punct | high |
ἀπάτη δέ σε πρόσθε τίθησιν ἥ τʼ ὀπίσω τίσις ἐστί, καὶ ἔνθεον ἐξαπατῴης.
The sentence is textually difficult: ἥ ... τίσις ἐστί appears to form a relative clause with ἥ as subject, while ἐξαπατῴης is an uncertain second-person optative form; πρόσθε and ὀπίσω are adverbial correlatives.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀπάτη | ἀπάτη | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 τίθησιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 τίθησιν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | σε | σύ | PRON | p-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=2|PronType=Prs | 5 τίθησιν | obj | high | |
| 4 | πρόσθε | πρόσθε | ADV | d-------- | _ | 5 τίθησιν | advmod | high | Adverb, ‘before/in front’. |
| 5 | τίθησιν | τίθημι | VERB | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Finite verb; exact construction is difficult. |
| 6 | ἥ | ὅς | PRON | p-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 9 τίσις | nsubj | medium | Relative pronoun, apparently subject of τίσις ἐστί. |
| 7 | τʼ | τε | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 8 ὀπίσω | cc | medium | Apocopated/elided τε. |
| 8 | ὀπίσω | ὀπίσω | ADV | d-------- | _ | 9 τίσις | advmod | high | Adverb, ‘behind/after’. |
| 9 | τίσις | τίσις | NOUN | n-s---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστί | nsubj | medium | Abstract noun, apparently predicate-nominal clause subject. |
| 10 | ἐστί | εἰμί | AUX | v3spia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 τίθησιν | conj | medium | Copular verb in a coordinated/embedded clause; analysis uncertain. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἐστί | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 14 ἐξαπατῴης | cc | high | |
| 13 | ἔνθεον | ἔνθεος | ADJ | a-s---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἐξαπατῴης | obj | low | Form may be substantival or adverbial; parsed as neuter accusative object. |
| 14 | ἐξαπατῴης | ἐξαπατάω | VERB | v2saoa--- | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 τίθησιν | conj | low | Optative morphology and accentuation are uncertain; parsed as second-person aorist active optative. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 τίθησιν | punct | high |