Grammar parses for passage 4.12.9
Open translation for this passage
τὰ μὲν ἄλλα οὐ τῶν ἐπιφανῶν, γνώμην δὲ ὡς ἐδήλωσεν ἀγαθός, ποιησάμενος ὡς ἔτυχε πηλοῦ τρίποδας ἑκατόν, τούτους τε ἀποκεκρυμμένους ἐν πήρᾳ καὶ δίκτυα ἅμα αὐτοῖς ἔφερεν ὡς ἀνὴρ θηρευτής.
The sentence has an elliptical copular first clause (τὰ ἄλλα [οὐκ ἦν] τῶν ἐπιφανῶν); γνώμην is the object of ἐδήλωσεν, with ἀγαθός predicative. ποιησάμενος introduces the participial action, and ὡς ἔτυχε modifies the making of the clay tripods. The final ὡς-clause is comparative/manner ('as a hunter').
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-|||||||| | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 ἄλλα | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 3 ἄλλα | cc:preconj | high | |
| 3 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-|||||||| | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | nsubj | medium | Subject of an elliptical copula. |
| 4 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | advmod | high | Negates the elliptical copular predicate. |
| 5 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-|||||||| | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐπιφανῶν | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐπιφανῶν | ἐπιφανής | ADJ | A-|||||||| | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | nmod | medium | Partitive/genitive predicate in the elliptical clause. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | punct | high | |
| 8 | γνώμην | γνώμη | NOUN | N-|||||||| | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | obj | high | |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | cc | high | |
| 10 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | mark | medium | Introduces a clause expressing the manner/content in which the opinion was shown. |
| 11 | ἐδήλωσεν | δηλόω | VERB | V3SAAI----- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | ἀγαθός | ἀγαθός | ADJ | A-|||||||| | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with implicit/copular subject; syntactically linked to ἐδήλωσεν. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | punct | high | |
| 14 | ποιησάμενος | ποιέω | VERB | V-||||M-AAPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 30 ἔφερεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, agreeing with the implicit masculine subject. |
| 15 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἔτυχε | mark | high | |
| 16 | ἔτυχε | τυγχάνω | VERB | V3SAAI----- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 14 ποιησάμενος | advcl | high | Manner clause modifying ποιησάμενος. |
| 17 | πηλοῦ | πηλός | NOUN | N-|||||||| | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 τρίποδας | nmod | high | Material genitive. |
| 18 | τρίποδας | τρίπους | NOUN | N-|||||||| | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ποιησάμενος | obj | high | |
| 19 | ἑκατόν | ἑκατόν | NUM | Ma|||||||| | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 τρίποδας | nummod | medium | Indeclinable numeral modifying τρίποδας. |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ποιησάμενος | punct | high | |
| 21 | τούτους | οὗτος | PRON | P-|||||||| | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 30 ἔφερεν | obj | high | |
| 22 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 τούτους | cc | high | |
| 23 | ἀποκεκρυμμένους | ἀποκρύπτω | VERB | V-||||M-PMPAM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 21 τούτους | acl | high | Perfect passive participle modifying τούτους. |
| 24 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 25 πήρᾳ | case | high | |
| 25 | πήρᾳ | πήρα | NOUN | N-|||||||| | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 ἀποκεκρυμμένους | obl | high | |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 30 ἔφερεν | cc | high | Coordinates the following object with τούτους. |
| 27 | δίκτυα | δίκτυον | NOUN | N-|||||||| | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 ἔφερεν | obj | high | |
| 28 | ἅμα | ἅμα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 30 ἔφερεν | advmod | high | |
| 29 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-|||||||| | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 28 ἅμα | obl | high | Dative complement of ἅμα ('together with them'). |
| 30 | ἔφερεν | φέρω | VERB | V3SIAI----- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | conj | high | Coordinated with ἐδήλωσεν; subject is implicit and shared. |
| 31 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 32 ἀνὴρ | mark | high | Introduces comparative/manner clause. |
| 32 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-|||||||| | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 30 ἔφερεν | advcl | high | Subject of the comparative/manner clause. |
| 33 | θηρευτής | θηρευτής | NOUN | N-|||||||| | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 ἀνὴρ | appos | high | Apposition to ἀνήρ. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐδήλωσεν | punct | high |
ἅτε δὲ ὢν ἀγνὼς καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων τοῖς πολλοῖς, ῥᾷον Μεσσηνίους ἐλάνθανεν·
Concessive ἅτε-clause: ὢν agrees with an understood masculine subject (the referent of the main clause); ἀγνώς and τοῖς πολλοῖς are predicative/complementary descriptions, with Λακεδαιμονίων genitive of respect. ῥᾷον is a comparative adverb modifying ἐλάνθανεν; Μεσσηνίους is its accusative object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Rel | 3 ὢν | mark | high | Concessive subordinator introducing the participial clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὢν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | advcl | high | Concessive present active participle; subject is understood from the main clause. |
| 4 | ἀγνὼς | ἄγνωστος | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὢν | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective agreeing with the understood subject of ὢν; accent/form may reflect ἄγνωστος with final sigma. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 Λακεδαιμονίων | cc | high | Coordinates the second complement/description. |
| 6 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ὢν | nmod | high | Genitive of respect or relation with ἀγνώσ-/the participial predicate: unknown to the Lacedaemonians. |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 πολλοῖς | det | high | Article substantivizing πολλοῖς. |
| 8 | πολλοῖς | πολύς | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Λακεδαιμονίων | nmod | medium | Substantivized adjective, ‘the many’; dative complement/argument of the predicate notion. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | ῥᾷον | ῥᾴδιος | ADV | ADV-CMP | Degree=Cmp | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | advmod | high | Comparative adverb, ‘more easily’. |
| 11 | Μεσσηνίους | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐλάνθανεν. |
| 12 | ἐλάνθανεν | λανθάνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb; subject is understood from context. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | punct | high |
ἀναμίξας δὲ αὑτὸν ἀνδράσιν ἀγροίκοις ἐσῆλθέ τε μετʼ αὐτῶν ἐς τὴν Ἰθώμην καὶ ὡς νὺξ τάχιστα ἐπελάμβανεν ἀναθεὶς τοὺς τρίποδας τῷ θεῷ
The sentence has a participial subject sequence: after mixing himself with rustic men, he entered Ithome with them; as soon as night came on, he set up the tripods for the god. ὡς with τάχιστα is temporal, and ἀναθείς is a coordinated or closely sequenced circumstantial participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναμίξας | ἀναμείγνυμι | VERB | V-PAAPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | advcl | high | Aorist circumstantial participle, subject coreferential with the understood subject of ἐσῆλθε. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | cc | high | |
| 3 | αὑτὸν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-3ASM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 1 ἀναμίξας | obj | high | Reflexive object of ἀναμίξας. |
| 4 | ἀνδράσιν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-DPM---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀναμίξας | obl | high | Dative with ἀναμίξας, indicating association. |
| 5 | ἀγροίκοις | ἀγροῖκος | ADJ | A-DPM---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἀνδράσιν | amod | high | |
| 6 | ἐσῆλθέ | εἰσέρχομαι | VERB | V-2SAA3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist 3sg; subject is implicit and continued through the participles. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | cc | high | Correlative enclitic coordinating the following phrase. |
| 8 | μετʼ | μετά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 αὐτῶν | case | high | Elided form of μετά before αὐτῶν; here with genitive, ‘with’. |
| 9 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-3GPM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | obl | high | Object of the preposition μετὰ. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Ἰθώμην | case | high | |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF---- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Ἰθώμην | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἰθώμην | Ἰθώμη | PROPN | N-ASF---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NameType=Geo|Number=Sing | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | obl | high | Goal of motion with εἰς. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 ἐπελάμβανεν | cc | high | Coordinates the temporal clause/verb with the preceding event. |
| 14 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 17 ἐπελάμβανεν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator, ‘as soon as/when’. |
| 15 | νὺξ | νύξ | NOUN | N-NSF---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐπελάμβανεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπελάμβανεν. |
| 16 | τάχιστα | τάχιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 17 ἐπελάμβανεν | advmod | medium | Adverbial superlative, ‘as quickly/as soon as possible’; may be read with the temporal expression. |
| 17 | ἐπελάμβανεν | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V-IAI3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | advcl | high | Imperfect in temporal ὡς-clause; ‘night was coming on.’ |
| 18 | ἀναθεὶς | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-2AAPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | advcl | medium | Aorist circumstantial participle, likely coordinated in sequence with the main event; implicit subject is the same male referent. |
| 19 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-APM---- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 τρίποδας | det | high | |
| 20 | τρίποδας | τρίπους | NOUN | N-APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἀναθεὶς | obj | high | Direct object of ἀναθείς. |
| 21 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-DSM---- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 θεῷ | det | high | |
| 22 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N-DSM---- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀναθεὶς | obl | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary with ἀνατίθημι, ‘to the god’. |