Grammar parses for passage 4.12.9
Open translation for this passage
ἅτε δὲ ὢν ἀγνὼς καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων τοῖς πολλοῖς, ῥᾷον Μεσσηνίους ἐλάνθανεν·
The syntax is centered on ἐλάνθανεν with a preceding participial/parenthetical characterization introduced by ἅτε; the genitive/dative dependents around ὢν are somewhat interpretively uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ὢν | mark | medium | Introduces a causal/characterizing participial clause. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὢν | εἰμί | VERB | PAPNSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | advcl | high | Participial clause dependent on the main verb. |
| 4 | ἀγνὼς | ἀγνός | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὢν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with the participle; form and syntax somewhat uncertain. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ὢν | cc | high | Coordinates the participial modifiers. |
| 6 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ὢν | obl | medium | Genitive dependent of the participial construction, likely with ἄγνωστος/ἄγνως sense 'unknown to the Spartans'. |
| 7 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 πολλοῖς | det | high | Article modifying πολλοῖς. |
| 8 | πολλοῖς | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ὢν | obl | medium | Dative of reference/association with the participial clause. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 10 | ῥᾷον | ῥᾴδιος | ADV | _ | _ | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | advmod | high | Comparative adverb modifying the main verb. |
| 11 | Μεσσηνίους | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἐλάνθανεν. |
| 12 | ἐλάνθανεν | λανθάνω | VERB | VIAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἐλάνθανεν | punct | high | Middle dot punctuation. |
ἀναμίξας δὲ αὑτὸν ἀνδράσιν ἀγροίκοις ἐσῆλθέ τε μετʼ αὐτῶν ἐς τὴν Ἰθώμην καὶ ὡς νὺξ τάχιστα ἐπελάμβανεν ἀναθεὶς τοὺς τρίποδας τῷ θεῷ
Main narration has two aorist participles (ἀναμίξας, ἀναθείς) surrounding the finite verb, with a temporal ὡς-clause embedded after καί.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀναμίξας | ἀναμείγνυμι | VERB | PAPSA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὑτὸν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | K3MSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 1 ἀναμίξας | obj | medium | Reflexive form; case from participle. |
| 4 | ἀνδράσιν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀναμίξας | obl | high | Dative of accompaniment/association. |
| 5 | ἀγροίκοις | ἀγροῖκος | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἀνδράσιν | amod | high | Adnominal modifier of ἀνδράσιν. |
| 6 | ἐσῆλθέ | εἰσέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the clause. |
| 7 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | cc | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 8 | μετʼ | μετά | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 9 αὐτῶν | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 9 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | obl | high | Prepositional complement. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 12 Ἰθώμην | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | B-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Ἰθώμην | det | high | Article. |
| 12 | Ἰθώμην | Ἰθώμη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 ἐπελάμβανεν | cc | high | Connects to following clause. |
| 14 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C- | _ | 17 ἐπελάμβανεν | mark | medium | Likely temporal/comparative clause marker. |
| 15 | νὺξ | νύξ | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἐπελάμβανεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπελάμβανεν. |
| 16 | τάχιστα | τάχιστα | ADV | D | _ | 17 ἐπελάμβανεν | advmod | high | Superlative adverb. |
| 17 | ἐπελάμβανεν | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | advcl | high | Temporal/background clause. |
| 18 | ἀναθεὶς | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | PAPSA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἐσῆλθέ | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 19 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | B-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 20 τρίποδας | det | high | Article. |
| 20 | τρίποδας | τρίπους | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἀναθεὶς | obj | high | Object of ἀναθεὶς. |
| 21 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | B-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 θεῷ | det | high | Article. |
| 22 | θεῷ | θεός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἀναθεὶς | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary. |