Grammar parses for passage 4.15.1
Open translation for this passage
Ἀθήνῃσι δὲ οἱ κατʼ ἐνιαυτὸν ἦσαν ἤδη τότε ἄρχοντες, καὶ Ἀθηναίοις Τλησίας ἦρχεν.
The first clause has an existential/locative construction: οἱ is the article used substantivally (‘the [men]’), with ἄρχοντες as its predicate/nominal complement; κατ᾽ ἐνιαυτόν is an accusative temporal phrase. In the second clause, Ἀθηναίοις is a dative of reference and Τλησίας is the subject of ἦρχεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀθήνῃσι | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | Neut-Loc/Dat-Pl | Case=Loc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἦσαν | obl | medium | Epic/poetic locative plural of Ἀθῆναι, functioning as a place adjunct. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἦσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | Art-Nom-Masc-Plur | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἄρχοντες | det | medium | Article used substantivally, with an understood noun; linked to ἄρχοντες. |
| 4 | κατʼ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 ἐνιαυτὸν | case | high | Elided form of κατά. |
| 5 | ἐνιαυτὸν | ἐνιαυτός | NOUN | Acc-Masc-Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἦσαν | obl | high | Accusative temporal expression with κατά. |
| 6 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V- Impf Act Ind 3 Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Existential/copular predicate of the first clause. |
| 7 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 ἦσαν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 8 | τότε | τότε | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 ἦσαν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 9 | ἄρχοντες | ἄρχων | NOUN | Nom-Masc-Plur | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἦσαν | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative or predicative complement of εἰμί; οἱ is substantival. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 ἦρχεν | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause with the first. |
| 12 | Ἀθηναίοις | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | Dat-Masc-Plur | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἦρχεν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/interest: ‘for the Athenians’. |
| 13 | Τλησίας | Τλησίας | PROPN | Nom-Masc-Sing | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἦρχεν | nsubj | high | Personal name, subject of ἦρχεν. |
| 14 | ἦρχεν | ἄρχω | VERB | V-Impf-Act-Ind-3-Sing | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 6 ἦσαν | conj | high | Second coordinated predicate: ‘was archon/ruled’. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἦσαν | punct | high |