Grammar parses for passage 4.15.8
Open translation for this passage
Λακεδαιμονίοις δὲ ἦλθον Κορίνθιοι συμμαχήσοντες καὶ Λεπρεατῶν τινες κατὰ ἔχθος τὸ Ἠλείων·
ἦλθον is 3rd-plural aorist indicative of ἔρχομαι; συμμαχήσοντες is a future active participle expressing purpose. Λεπρεατῶν τινες is a partitive/genitival subject-like phrase, while κατὰ ἔχθος τὸ Ἠλείων means ‘because of hatred toward the Eleans’; the construction is mildly elliptical/ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N--DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἦλθον | iobj | high | Dative of the party receiving or associated with the arrival. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 3 ἦλθον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἦλθον | ἔρχομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist indicative, third plural. |
| 4 | Κορίνθιοι | Κορίνθιος | PROPN | N--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἦλθον | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦλθον. |
| 5 | συμμαχήσοντες | συμμαχέω | VERB | V-FAP-NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 3 ἦλθον | advcl | high | Future participle of purpose, agreeing with Κορίνθιοι. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 8 τινες | cc | high | Coordinates the second participant phrase with the Corinthians. |
| 7 | Λεπρεατῶν | Λεπρεάτης | PROPN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 τινες | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on τινες, likely partitive: ‘some of the Lepreatae’. |
| 8 | τινες | τις | PRON | P--NPM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Ind | 3 ἦλθον | nsubj | medium | Second coordinated subject-like phrase; genitive Λεπρεατῶν is partitive. |
| 9 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 ἔχθος | case | high | Preposition governing accusative ἔχθος. |
| 10 | ἔχθος | ἔχθος | NOUN | N--SAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 τινες | obl | medium | Accusative object of κατά; causal/motivational adjunct ‘out of hatred’. |
| 11 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L----SAN- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἔχθος | det | high | Article agreeing with ἔχθος. |
| 12 | Ἠλείων | Ἠλεῖος | PROPN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἔχθος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἔχθος: hatred of/toward the Eleans. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἦλθον | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Ἀσιναίοις δὲ ὅρκοι πρὸς ἀμφοτέρους ἦσαν.
The dative Ἀσιναίοις is the possessor/experiencer with impersonal εἰμί ‘there are’; ὅρκοι is the nominative subject, and πρὸς ἀμφοτέρους is a prepositional complement specifying the parties to the oaths.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀσιναίοις | Ἀσιναῖος | PROPN | NbD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἦσαν | iobj | high | Dative associated with the existential clause, expressing possession or the party concerned. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 6 ἦσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὅρκοι | ὅρκος | NOUN | NbMn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | S | _ | 5 ἀμφοτέρους | case | high | |
| 5 | ἀμφοτέρους | ἀμφότερος | PRON | PxMa | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ὅρκοι | obl | high | Accusative object of πρός. |
| 6 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | VERB | V3PII | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect indicative of εἰμί. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἦσαν | punct | high |
τὸ δὲ χωρίον τοῦτο, Κάπρου σῆμα, ἔστι μὲν ἐν Στενυκλήρῳ τῆς Μεσσηνίας, Ἡρακλέα δὲ αὐτόθι ὅρκον ἐπὶ τομίων κάπρου τοῖς Νηλέως παισὶ δοῦναι καὶ λαβεῖν παρὰ ἐκείνων λέγουσιν.
The sentence has an initial μέν clause stating the location, followed by a δέ-coordinated reporting construction: λέγουσιν governs the accusative subject Ἡρακλέα and coordinated infinitives δοῦναι ... καὶ λαβεῖν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 χωρίον | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἔστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔστι | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | DET | D-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 χωρίον | det | high | Demonstrative determiner. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 χωρίον | punct | high | |
| 6 | Κάπρου | κάπρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 σῆμα | nmod | medium | Proper-name genitive in the appositional phrase. |
| 7 | σῆμα | σῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 χωρίον | appos | high | |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 σῆμα | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 10 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 9 ἔστι | discourse | high | Correlative μέν anticipates δέ. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 Στενυκλήρῳ | case | high | |
| 12 | Στενυκλήρῳ | Στενύκληρος | PROPN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔστι | obl | high | |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Art-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Μεσσηνίας | det | high | |
| 14 | Μεσσηνίας | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 Στενυκλήρῳ | nmod | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 Στενυκλήρῳ | punct | high | |
| 16 | Ἡρακλέα | Ἡρακλῆς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 λέγουσιν | csubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive clause governed by λέγουσιν. |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 31 λέγουσιν | cc | high | Coordinates the reported assertion with the preceding μέν clause. |
| 18 | αὐτόθι | αὐτόθι | ADV | ADV | _ | 26 δοῦναι | advmod | high | |
| 19 | ὅρκον | ὅρκος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 δοῦναι | obj | high | |
| 20 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 τομίων | case | high | |
| 21 | τομίων | τόμιον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 22 κάπρου | nmod | medium | Genitive plural substantivized/elliptical; likely ‘cut pieces’. |
| 22 | κάπρου | κάπρος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ὅρκον | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ὅρκον, with ἐπὶ τομίων κάπρου specifying the oath. |
| 23 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Art-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 παισὶ | det | high | |
| 24 | Νηλέως | Νηλεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 παισὶ | nmod | high | |
| 25 | παισὶ | παῖς | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 δοῦναι | iobj | high | |
| 26 | δοῦναι | δίδωμι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 31 λέγουσιν | xcomp | high | First infinitive in the reported speech. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 28 λαβεῖν | cc | high | |
| 28 | λαβεῖν | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 26 δοῦναι | conj | high | Coordinated infinitive. |
| 29 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 30 ἐκείνων | case | high | |
| 30 | ἐκείνων | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | D-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 λαβεῖν | obl | high | |
| 31 | λέγουσιν | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἔστι | parataxis | medium | Reporting verb with an accusative-and-infinitive complement. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔστι | punct | high |