Grammar parses for passage 4.16.10
Open translation for this passage
ἐνταῦθα ὑπὸ μέθης οἱ νεανίσκοι δοκεῖν ἐμοὶ καὶ ἄλλως ἀκρατῶς ἔχοντες λογισμοῦ πρὸς βίαν ἐτρέποντο τῶν παρθένων, Ἀριστομένους δὲ ἀπείργοντος οὐ νομιζόμενα Ἕλλησι δρῶντας οὐδένα ἐποιοῦντο λόγον, ὥστε ἠναγκάσθη καὶ ἀποκτεῖναι τοὺς παροινοῦντας μάλιστα ἐξ αὐτῶν.
The sentence contains a loosely integrated infinitival phrase (δοκεῖν ἐμοὶ) and a genitive absolute (Ἀριστομένους δὲ ἀπείργοντος); the later result clause depends on the narrative sequence rather than a tightly bounded matrix clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 15 ἐτρέποντο | advmod | high | Locative adverb modifying the main motion predicate. |
| 2 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 3 μέθης | case | high | Governed by μέθης. |
| 3 | μέθης | μέθη | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἐτρέποντο | obl | high | Genitive of cause/instrument with ὑπό. |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA--NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 νεανίσκοι | det | high | Article with νεανίσκοι. |
| 5 | νεανίσκοι | νεανίσκος | NOUN | N-P---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἐτρέποντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐτρέποντο. |
| 6 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V-PAAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 15 ἐτρέποντο | xcomp | medium | Likely infinitival complement with implied perception/appearance sense; syntax somewhat loose. |
| 7 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1SD--- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 6 δοκεῖν | obl | medium | Dative with δοκεῖν, expressing reference/experiencer. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἄλλως | cc | high | Conjoins adverbial modifiers. |
| 9 | ἄλλως | ἄλλως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 ἀκρατῶς | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀκρατῶς or the following participial phrase. |
| 10 | ἀκρατῶς | ἀκρατῶς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 11 ἔχοντες | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχοντες. |
| 11 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 νεανίσκοι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with νεανίσκοι. |
| 12 | λογισμοῦ | λογισμός | NOUN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἔχοντες | obj | medium | Genitive dependent on ἔχω, probably 'lacking reason'. |
| 13 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 14 βίαν | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 14 | βίαν | βία | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἐτρέποντο | obl | high | Prepositional complement of ἐτρέποντο. |
| 15 | ἐτρέποντο | τρέπω | VERB | V-IMI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first clause. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA--GFP--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 παρθένων | det | high | Article with παρθένων. |
| 17 | παρθένων | παρθένος | NOUN | N-P---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἐτρέποντο | obl | high | Genitive complement with motion/attack sense; relation somewhat loose. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐτρέποντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 19 | Ἀριστομένους | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἀπείργοντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 20 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἀπείργοντος | cc | high | Connective particle in the genitive absolute clause. |
| 21 | ἀπείργοντος | ἀπείργω | VERB | V-PAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἐτρέποντο | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 22 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | _ | 27 ἐποιοῦντο | advmod | high | Negates the participial phrase or finite verb. |
| 23 | νομιζόμενα | νομίζω | VERB | V-PMP-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 25 δρῶντας | advcl | medium | Participial clause; form and syntax are somewhat uncertain, but likely modifying δρῶντας. |
| 24 | Ἕλλησι | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N-P---MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 δρῶντας | obl | high | Dative with participle, 'for/by Greeks'. |
| 25 | δρῶντας | δράω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 27 ἐποιοῦντο | xcomp | medium | Accusative participle dependent on ἐποιοῦντο, with subject/object control context. |
| 26 | οὐδένα | οὐδείς | PRON | P---ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg | 28 λόγον | det | high | Determiner/modifier of λόγον. |
| 27 | ἐποιοῦντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-IMI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 21 ἀπείργοντος | conj | high | Finite verb coordinated/continued from earlier narrative. |
| 28 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἐποιοῦντο | obj | high | Object of ἐποιοῦντο. |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐποιοῦντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 30 | ὥστε | ὥστε | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 31 ἠναγκάσθη | mark | high | Introduces result clause. |
| 31 | ἠναγκάσθη | ἀναγκάζω | VERB | V-API-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 27 ἐποιοῦντο | advcl | high | Result clause dependent on previous narrative. |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 33 ἀποκτεῖναι | cc | high | Connects infinitive with preceding idea. |
| 33 | ἀποκτεῖναι | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-ANA | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 31 ἠναγκάσθη | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive after ἠναγκάσθη. |
| 34 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA--APM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 35 παροινοῦντας | det | high | Article with παροινοῦντας. |
| 35 | παροινοῦντας | παροινέω | VERB | V-PAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 33 ἀποκτεῖναι | obj | high | Object of the infinitive. |
| 36 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 33 ἀποκτεῖναι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀποκτεῖναι. |
| 37 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 38 αὐτῶν | case | high | Introduces source/comparative phrase. |
| 38 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 33 ἀποκτεῖναι | obl | high | Prepositional complement; 'from among them'. |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐτρέποντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τὰς δὲ αἰχμαλώτους λαβὼν ἀπέλυσε χρημάτων πολλῶν, παρθένους ὥσπερ γε καὶ εἷλεν.
The syntax is straightforward overall; χρημάτων πολλῶν is taken as a genitive phrase dependent on ἀπέλυσε, though its exact semantic force is somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | l-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 αἰχμαλώτους | det | high | Article modifying αἰχμαλώτους. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 5 ἀπέλυσε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | αἰχμαλώτους | αἰχμάλωτος | ADJ | a-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἀπέλυσε | obj | high | Accusative plural feminine substantive/adjectival object of ἀπέλυσε. |
| 4 | λαβὼν | λαμβάνω | VERB | aor-act-par | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἀπέλυσε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying ἀπέλυσε. |
| 5 | ἀπέλυσε | ἀπολύω | VERB | v-aia-3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 6 | χρημάτων | χρῆμα | NOUN | n-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἀπέλυσε | obl | medium | Genitive expressing price/reason 'for money' or 'of money'. |
| 7 | πολλῶν | πολύς | ADJ | a-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 χρημάτων | amod | high | Attributive to χρημάτων. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀπέλυσε | punct | high | Comma. |
| 9 | παρθένους | παρθένος | NOUN | n-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 εἷλεν | obj | high | Object of εἷλεν. |
| 10 | ὥσπερ | ὥσπερ | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 εἷλεν | mark | medium | Comparative subordinator introducing the clause-like comparison. |
| 11 | γε | γε | PART | g-------- | _ | 12 καὶ | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 13 εἷλεν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 13 | εἷλεν | αἱρέω | VERB | v-aia-3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 ἀπέλυσε | conj | high | Second finite verb coordinated with ἀπέλυσε. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀπέλυσε | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |