Grammar parses for passage 4.16.9
Open translation for this passage
διαλιπὼν δὲ ὅσον ἀκεσθῆναι τὸ τραῦμα, ἐς μὲν αὐτὴν Σπάρτην ἔξοδον ποιούμενος νύκτωρ ἀπετράπετο ὑπὸ φασμάτων Ἑλένης καὶ Διοσκούρων, τὰς δʼ ἐν Καρύαις παρθένους χορευούσας τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι.
The sentence has a temporal participial frame: after allowing time for the wound to heal, he attempted an exit toward Sparta but was turned back by apparitions; the final accusative phrase is a coordinated object/scene continuation, with χορευούσας agreeing with παρθένους and τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι as dative of dedication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διαλιπὼν | διαλείπω | VERB | AAPMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 ἀπετράπετο | advcl | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἀπετράπετο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 ἀκεσθῆναι | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative: 'as long as'. |
| 4 | ἀκεσθῆναι | ἀκέομαι | VERB | APN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 1 διαλιπὼν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive in the temporal expression ὅσον ἀκεσθῆναι. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 τραῦμα | det | high | |
| 6 | τραῦμα | τραῦμα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἀκεσθῆναι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀπετράπετο | punct | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 Σπάρτην | case | high | |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 15 ἀπετράπετο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν, with following δʼ. |
| 10 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Σπάρτην | amod | high | Intensive adjective modifying Σπάρτην. |
| 11 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔξοδον | nmod | high | Object of ἐς; destination within ἔξοδον ποιούμενος. |
| 12 | ἔξοδον | ἔξοδος | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ποιούμενος | obj | high | |
| 13 | ποιούμενος | ποιέω | VERB | PMPMSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 15 ἀπετράπετο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle: 'making an attempt/going out'. |
| 14 | νύκτωρ | νύκτωρ | ADV | ADV | _ | 13 ποιούμενος | advmod | high | |
| 15 | ἀπετράπετο | ἀποτρέπω | VERB | V3SIMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle/passive-form verb, here 'was turned back'. |
| 16 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 φασμάτων | case | high | |
| 17 | φασμάτων | φάσμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἀπετράπετο | obl:agent | high | Agent with passive/middle-form ἀπετράπετο. |
| 18 | Ἑλένης | Ἑλένη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 φασμάτων | nmod | high | |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 Διοσκούρων | cc | high | |
| 20 | Διοσκούρων | Διόσκουρος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 φασμάτων | nmod | high | |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀπετράπετο | punct | high | |
| 22 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 26 παρθένους | det | high | |
| 23 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 παρθένους | cc | medium | Elided δέ; coordinates the final accusative phrase with the preceding destination/object phrase. |
| 24 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 25 Καρύαις | case | high | |
| 25 | Καρύαις | Καρυαί | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 26 παρθένους | nmod | high | Dative of location with ἐν. |
| 26 | παρθένους | παρθένος | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἀπετράπετο | obj | medium | Accusative phrase coordinated by δέ; understood as a further object/scene complement. |
| 27 | χορευούσας | χορεύω | VERB | PAPFAP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 26 παρθένους | acl | high | Agrees with παρθένους. |
| 28 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 Ἀρτέμιδι | det | high | |
| 29 | Ἀρτέμιδι | Ἄρτεμις | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 χορευούσας | obl | high | Dative of dedication/association: dancing for Artemis. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἀπετράπετο | punct | high |
ἐλόχησε μεθʼ ἡμέραν καὶ συνέλαβεν ὅσαι χρήμασιν αὐτῶν καὶ ἀξιώματι πατέρων προεῖχον·
The subject of ἐλόχησε is understood from context; μεθʼ ἡμέραν is an accusative temporal phrase. ὅσαι introduces the coordinated relative object clause, with χρήμασιν and ἀξιώματι as dative grounds of προεῖχον and αὐτῶν dependent on πατέρων.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐλόχησε | λοχάω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 συνέλαβεν | conj | medium | Aorist active; coordinated with συνέλαβεν, with an understood subject. |
| 2 | μεθʼ | μετά | ADP | P | _ | 3 ἡμέραν | case | high | Elided form before a vowel; with accusative expresses temporal sequence. |
| 3 | ἡμέραν | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἐλόχησε | obl | high | Accusative temporal complement of μεθά. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 συνέλαβεν | cc | high | Coordinates the two finite verbs. |
| 5 | συνέλαβεν | συλλαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite root verb; subject is understood from context. |
| 6 | ὅσαι | ὅσος | PRON | P-NAF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 12 προεῖχον | nsubj | high | Feminine plural relative pronoun, subject of προεῖχον and object clause content under συνέλαβεν. |
| 7 | χρήμασιν | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 προεῖχον | obl | high | Dative of respect or sphere with προεῖχον. |
| 8 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 11 πατέρων | nmod | high | Possessive genitive modifying πατέρων. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 10 ἀξιώματι | cc | high | Coordinates the two dative grounds. |
| 10 | ἀξιώματι | ἀξίωμα | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 προεῖχον | obl | high | Dative of respect or sphere with προεῖχον. |
| 11 | πατέρων | πατήρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀξιώματι | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἀξιώματι, meaning status based on fathers; alternative attachment to χρήμασιν is less likely. |
| 12 | προεῖχον | προέχω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 5 συνέλαβεν | ccomp | high | Imperfect relative-clause predicate; ὅσαι is its subject. |
| 13 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 συνέλαβεν | punct | high |
ἀγαγὼν δὲ ἐς κώμην τῆς Μεσσηνίας τὴν νύκτα ἀνεπαύετο, ἀνδράσι τῶν ἐκ τοῦ λόχου τὴν φρουρὰν ἐπιτρέψας τῶν παρθένων.
The subject of ἀγαγών, ἀνεπαύετο, and ἐπιτρέψας is implicit (likely the previously mentioned male subject). ἀγαγών takes τὴν νύκτα as a temporal accusative and ἐς κώμην as goal; ἀνδράσι is the dative recipient of ἐπιτρέψας, while τῶν παρθένων is dependent on φρουράν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀγαγὼν | ἄγω | VERB | VAAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 9 ἀνεπαύετο | advcl | high | Aorist active participle with implicit subject, preceding the finite verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἀνεπαύετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 κώμην | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | κώμην | κώμη | NOUN | AF-SA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἀγαγὼν | obl | high | Goal accusative governed by ἐς. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-SGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Μεσσηνίας | det | high | Article agreeing with Μεσσηνίας. |
| 6 | Μεσσηνίας | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | AE-SGF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 κώμην | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the region associated with κώμην. |
| 7 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 νύκτα | det | high | Article agreeing with νύκτα. |
| 8 | νύκτα | νύξ | NOUN | AF-SA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἀνεπαύετο | obl:tmod | high | Temporal accusative, ‘for/during the night’. |
| 9 | ἀνεπαύετο | ἀναπαύω | VERB | VMI-I3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate; middle voice is deponent/intransitive here. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἐπιτρέψας | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἀνδράσι | ἀνήρ | NOUN | 限-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ἐπιτρέψας | iobj | medium | Dative recipients of entrusting; dative plural of ἀνήρ. |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 λόχου | det | high | Article agreeing with λόχου. |
| 13 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 λόχου | case | high | Preposition governing τοῦ λόχου. |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RG-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 λόχου | det | high | Article agreeing with λόχου. |
| 15 | λόχου | λόχος | NOUN | AM-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀνδράσι | nmod | high | Genitive object of ἐκ, specifying the men’s group. |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 φρουρὰν | det | high | Article agreeing with φρουράν. |
| 17 | φρουρὰν | φρουρά | NOUN | AF-SA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπιτρέψας | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐπιτρέψας. |
| 18 | ἐπιτρέψας | ἐπιτρέπω | VERB | VAAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 9 ἀνεπαύετο | advcl | high | Aorist participle coordinated in narrative sequence with ἀγαγών. |
| 19 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RP-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 παρθένων | det | high | Article agreeing with παρθένων. |
| 20 | παρθένων | παρθένος | NOUN | AF-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 φρουρὰν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on φρουράν: guard/watch of the maidens. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀνεπαύετο | punct | high |