Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.16.6

← 4.16.5 4.16.7 →

Passage 4.16.6

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3sentences parsed

82Greek tokens

2,565input tokens

5,857output tokens

Sentence 1

4.16.6 sentence 1

Tokens: 32
Input: 900
Output: 2,288
Total: 3,188

Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ ἐχόντων ἀθύμως μετὰ τὴν πληγὴν καὶ ὡρμημένων καταθέσθαι τὸν πόλεμον, Τυρταῖός τε ἐλεγεῖα ᾄδων μετέπειθεν αὐτοὺς καὶ ἐς τοὺς λόχους ἀντὶ τῶν τεθνεώτων κατέλεγεν ἄνδρας ἐκ τῶν εἱλώτων.

The sentence begins with a genitive absolute; the two main verbs μετέπειθεν and κατέλεγεν are coordinated, with ᾄδων as a circumstantial participle modifying Τυρταῖος.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Λακεδαιμονίων	Λακεδαιμόνιος	PROPN	Neut?	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	3 ἐχόντων	nsubj	high	Genitive absolute subject.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	18 μετέπειθεν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἐχόντων	ἔχω	VERB	V-PAI-PAP?	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	10 καταθέσθαι	advcl	high	Participial verb in genitive absolute.
4	ἀθύμως	ἀθύμως	ADV	D------------	_	3 ἐχόντων	advmod	high	Adverb modifying ἐχόντων.
5	μετὰ	μετά	ADP	_	_	7 πληγὴν	case	high	Preposition.
6	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	7 πληγὴν	det	high	Article.
7	πληγὴν	πληγή	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 ἐχόντων	obl	high	Object of μετὰ.
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	9 ὡρμημένων	cc	high	Coordinates the two participles.
9	ὡρμημένων	ὁρμάω	VERB	V-RPP-PGP?	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	3 ἐχόντων	conj	high	Second participle in the genitive absolute.
10	καταθέσθαι	κατατίθημι	VERB	V-ANM	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	9 ὡρμημένων	xcomp	high	Complement infinitive of ὡρμημένων.
11	τὸν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	12 πόλεμον	det	high	Article.
12	πόλεμον	πόλεμος	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 καταθέσθαι	obj	high	Object of καταθέσθαι.
13	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	18 μετέπειθεν	punct	high	Comma.
14	Τυρταῖός	Τυρταῖος	PROPN	Neut?	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	18 μετέπειθεν	nsubj	high	Subject of μετέπειθεν.
15	τε	τε	PART	_	_	14 Τυρταῖός	discourse	high	Enclitic connective.
16	ἐλεγεῖα	ἐλεγεῖον	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	17 ᾄδων	obj	high	Accusative of content/object with ᾄδων.
17	ᾄδων	ἀείδω	VERB	V-PAP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	18 μετέπειθεν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle modifying Τυρταῖος.
18	μετέπειθεν	μετεπείθω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of the sentence.
19	αὐτοὺς	αὐτός	PRON	P-PAM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	18 μετέπειθεν	obj	high	Direct object of μετέπειθεν.
20	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	27 κατέλεγεν	cc	high	Connects the coordinated main verb.
21	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	23 λόχους	case	high	Preposition.
22	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	23 λόχους	det	high	Article.
23	λόχους	λόχος	NOUN	N-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	27 κατέλεγεν	obl	high	Direction/goal phrase with ἐς.
24	ἀντὶ	ἀντί	ADP	_	_	26 τεθνεώτων	case	high	Preposition.
25	τῶν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	26 τεθνεώτων	det	high	Article.
26	τεθνεώτων	θνῄσκω	VERB	V-RAP-PGM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	24 ἀντὶ	obl	high	Participle used substantively with ἀντί.
27	κατέλεγεν	καταλέγω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	18 μετέπειθεν	conj	high	Coordinated main verb.
28	ἄνδρας	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-APM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	27 κατέλεγεν	obj	high	Direct object of κατέλεγεν.
29	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	_	_	31 εἱλώτων	case	high	Preposition.
30	τῶν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	31 εἱλώτων	det	high	Article.
31	εἱλώτων	εἵλωτες	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	28 ἄνδρας	nmod	high	Source phrase modifying ἄνδρας.
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	18 μετέπειθεν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 2

4.16.6 sentence 2

Tokens: 40
Input: 1,006
Output: 2,828
Total: 3,834

Ἀριστομένει δέ, ὡς ἀνέστρεψεν ἐς τὴν Ἀνδανίαν, ταινίας αἱ γυναῖκες καὶ τὰ ὡραῖα ἐπιβάλλουσαι τῶν ἀνθῶν ἐπέλεγον ᾆσμα τὸ καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι ᾀδόμενον ἔς τε μέσον πεδίον Στενυκλήριον ἔς τʼ ὄρος ἄκρον εἵπετʼ Ἀριστομένης τοῖς Λακεδαιμονίοις.

The clause structure is loose and paratactic; the participial phrase after ἐπέλεγον and the final εἵπετʼ phrase are somewhat elliptical, so several attachments are necessarily approximate.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ἀριστομένει	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	NE-S---MD-	Case=Dative\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 ἐπέλεγον	iobj	high	Dative of indirect reference/recipient with ἐπέλεγον.
2	δέ	δέ	PART	PTCL	_	19 ἐπέλεγον	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἐπέλεγον	punct	high	Punctuation.
4	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CS	_	5 ἀνέστρεψεν	mark	high	Introduces temporal clause.
5	ἀνέστρεψεν	ἀναστρέφω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	19 ἐπέλεγον	advcl	high	Temporal subordinate verb with ὡς.
6	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	8 Ἀνδανίαν	case	high	Preposition.
7	τὴν	ὁ	DET	ATR	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 Ἀνδανίαν	det	high	Article.
8	Ἀνδανίαν	Ἀνδανία	PROPN	N--ASF---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	5 ἀνέστρεψεν	obl	high	Goal of motion.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἐπέλεγον	punct	high	Punctuation.
10	ταινίας	ταινία	NOUN	N--APF---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	19 ἐπέλεγον	obj	medium	Object of ἐπέλεγον; sentence syntax is somewhat loose.
11	αἱ	ὁ	DET	ATR	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	12 γυναῖκες	det	high	Article.
12	γυναῖκες	γυνή	NOUN	N--NPF---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	19 ἐπέλεγον	nsubj	high	Subject of ἐπέλεγον.
13	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CO	_	15 ὡραῖα	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
14	τὰ	ὁ	DET	ATR	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	15 ὡραῖα	det	high	Article.
15	ὡραῖα	ὡραῖος	ADJ	A--APN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	19 ἐπέλεγον	obj	medium	Coordinated with ταινίας, modifying an understood or loose object phrase.
16	ἐπιβάλλουσαι	ἐπιβάλλω	VERB	V-PAP-NPF	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	12 γυναῖκες	advcl	high	Participial modifier of γυναῖκες.
17	τῶν	ὁ	DET	ATR	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 ἀνθῶν	det	high	Article.
18	ἀνθῶν	ἄνθος	NOUN	N--GNP---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	16 ἐπιβάλλουσαι	obj	high	Genitive dependent of ἐπιβάλλουσαι.
19	ἐπέλεγον	ἐπιλέγω	VERB	V-IAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb; subject γυναῖκες.
20	ᾆσμα	ᾆσμα	NOUN	N--ASN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	19 ἐπέλεγον	obj	high	Appositional/secondary object: 'a song'.
21	τὸ	ὁ	DET	ATR	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 ᾆσμα	det	high	Article.
22	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CO	_	26 ᾀδόμενον	advmod	medium	Here probably focal 'also' with participle phrase.
23	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	24 ἡμᾶς	case	high	Preposition.
24	ἡμᾶς	ἐγώ	PRON	P1-P---A-	Case=Acc\|Number=Plur\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	26 ᾀδόμενον	obl	high	Prepositional object.
25	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D	_	26 ᾀδόμενον	advmod	high	Adverb modifying participle.
26	ᾀδόμενον	ἀείδω	VERB	V-PPP-ASN	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	20 ᾆσμα	acl	high	Participle modifying ᾆσμα.
27	ἔς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	30 πεδίον	case	high	Preposition.
28	τε	τε	PART	G	_	27 ἔς	advmod	medium	Enclitic connective with ἔς.
29	μέσον	μέσος	ADJ	A--ASN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	30 πεδίον	amod	high	Attributive modifier.
30	πεδίον	πεδίον	NOUN	N--ASN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	36 εἵπετʼ	obl	medium	One of a coordinated series of path/place phrases.
31	Στενυκλήριον	Στενυκλήριος	PROPN	N--ASN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	30 πεδίον	flat	medium	Likely proper geographical designation modifying πεδίον.
32	ἔς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	34 ὄρος	case	high	Preposition.
33	τʼ	τε	PART	G	_	32 ἔς	advmod	medium	Enclitic connective with ἔς.
34	ὄρος	ὄρος	NOUN	N--ASN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	36 εἵπετʼ	obl	medium	Second coordinated place phrase.
35	ἄκρον	ἄκρος	ADJ	A--ASN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	34 ὄρος	amod	high	Attributive modifier.
36	εἵπετʼ	ἕπομαι	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Mid	19 ἐπέλεγον	conj	medium	Likely coordinated or sequenced with ἐπέλεγον; orthography abbreviated.
37	Ἀριστομένης	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	NE-S---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	36 εἵπετʼ	nsubj	high	Subject of εἵπετʼ.
38	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	ATR	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	39 Λακεδαιμονίοις	det	high	Article.
39	Λακεδαιμονίοις	Λακεδαιμόνιος	ADJ	A--DPM---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	36 εἵπετʼ	obl	medium	Dative complement, likely with sense 'for/against the Lacedaemonians'.
40	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἐπέλεγον	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 3

4.16.6 sentence 3

Tokens: 10
Input: 659
Output: 741
Total: 1,400

ἀνεσώσατο δὲ καὶ τὴν ἀσπίδα ἐκείνην, ἔς τε Δελφοὺς

The clause is straightforward; ἔς τε Δελφοὺς is treated as a directional oblique phrase, though τε makes the coordination-like linkage slightly opaque.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀνεσώσατο	ἀνασῴζω	VERB	V-3AMI-S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Finite main verb.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	1 ἀνεσώσατο	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	1 ἀνεσώσατο	cc	medium	Connects the coordinated object phrase; exact attachment slightly uncertain.
4	τὴν	ὁ	DET	L-ASF	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 ἀσπίδα	det	high	Article modifying ἀσπίδα.
5	ἀσπίδα	ἀσπίς	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	1 ἀνεσώσατο	obj	high	Direct object of ἀνεσώσατο.
6	ἐκείνην	ἐκεῖνος	DET	D-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	5 ἀσπίδα	amod	high	Demonstrative adjective modifying ἀσπίδα.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἀνεσώσατο	punct	high	Comma punctuation.
8	ἔς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	1 ἀνεσώσατο	case	high	Preposition introducing directional phrase.
9	τε	τε	PART	_	_	8 ἔς	advmod	medium	Enclitic connective particle; attachment to the preposition is approximate.
10	Δελφοὺς	Δελφοί	PROPN	N-PAM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	1 ἀνεσώσατο	obl	high	Prepositional object with εἰς/ἔς.

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