Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.16.5

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Passage 4.16.5

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2sentences parsed

72Greek tokens

1,869input tokens

5,170output tokens

Sentence 1

4.16.5 sentence 1

Tokens: 29
Input: 847
Output: 2,102
Total: 2,949

ἔνθα δὴ καὶ παρʼ ἀχράδα πεφυκυῖάν που τοῦ πεδίου, παρὰ ταύτην Ἀριστομένην οὐκ εἴα παραθεῖν ὁ μάντις Θέοκλος· καθέζεσθαι γὰρ τοὺς Διοσκούρους ἔφασκεν ἐπὶ τῇ ἀχράδι.

The sentence has a main prohibitive construction εἴα παραθεῖν with Ἀριστομένην as accusative subject of the infinitive; παρὰ ταύτην is the intended location beside the pear tree. The participle πεφυκυῖαν agrees with ἀχράδα, while the second clause reports Θέοκλος's explanation with an accusative-and-infinitive construction.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἔνθα	ἔνθα	ADV	D--------	PronType=Dem	15 εἴα	advmod	high
2	δὴ	δή	PART	X--------	_	15 εἴα	discourse	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	15 εἴα	cc	medium	Conjunctive/adverbial καί; attachment is discourse-sensitive.
4	παρʼ	παρά	ADP	R--------	_	5 ἀχράδα	case	high	Elided form of παρά.
5	ἀχράδα	ἀχράς	NOUN	Nb----4A-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 εἴα	obl	high
6	πεφυκυῖάν	φύω	VERB	VPRP-SAF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	5 ἀχράδα	acl	high	Perfect active participle, predicative/attributive with ἀχράδα.
7	που	που	PART	X--------	_	6 πεφυκυῖάν	advmod	medium	Indefinite particle, loosely modifying the participial assertion.
8	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	S----GSN-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	9 πεδίου	det	high
9	πεδίου	πεδίον	NOUN	Nb---GSN-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	5 ἀχράδα	nmod	high
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 εἴα	punct	high
11	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	R--------	_	12 ταύτην	case	high
12	ταύτην	οὗτος	PRON	Pd----4AF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	15 εἴα	obl	high	With παρά and accusative, ‘beside this’; antecedent is ἀχράδα.
13	Ἀριστομένην	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	Ne----4M-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 παραθεῖν	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive παραθεῖν.
14	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	D--------	Polarity=Neg	15 εἴα	advmod	high	Negative particle.
15	εἴα	ἐάω	VERB	V-IAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
16	παραθεῖν	παρατίθημι	VERB	V--NA----	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	15 εἴα	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive after εἴα; spelling is contracted/variant for παρατιθέναι.
17	ὁ	ὁ	DET	S---NM--	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	18 μάντις	det	high
18	μάντις	μάντις	NOUN	Nb---NM--	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 Θέοκλος	appos	high
19	Θέοκλος	Θέοκλος	PROPN	Ne---NM--	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 εἴα	nsubj	high	Appositional naming of the subject μάντις.
20	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	15 εἴα	punct	high
21	καθέζεσθαι	καθέζομαι	VERB	V--MN----	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	25 ἔφασκεν	ccomp	high	Infinitive in the reported explanation.
22	γὰρ	γάρ	SCONJ	C--------	_	25 ἔφασκεν	mark	high	Causal/explanatory conjunction.
23	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	S----AM--	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	24 Διοσκούρους	det	high
24	Διοσκούρους	Διόσκουροι	PROPN	Ne----AM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 καθέζεσθαι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of καθέζεσθαι.
25	ἔφασκεν	φάσκω	VERB	V-IAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	15 εἴα	parataxis	high	Finite verb introducing reported speech/content.
26	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R--------	_	28 ἀχράδι	case	high
27	τῇ	ὁ	DET	S----DSF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	28 ἀχράδι	det	high
28	ἀχράδι	ἀχράς	NOUN	Nb---DSF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 καθέζεσθαι	obl	high	ἐπί with dative, location ‘on/at the pear tree’.
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	15 εἴα	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.16.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 43
Input: 1,022
Output: 3,068
Total: 4,090

Ἀριστομένης δὲ εἴκων τῷ θυμῷ καὶ οὐκ ἀκροώμενος τὰ πάντα τοῦ μάντεως ὡς κατὰ τὴν ἀχράδα ἐγίνετο, ἀπόλλυσι τὴν ἀσπίδα, Λακεδαιμονίοις τε τὸ ἁμάρτημα τοῦ Ἀριστομένους παρέσχεν αὐτῶν ἀποσωθῆναί τινας ἐκ τῆς φυγῆς· διέτριψε γὰρ τὴν ἀσπίδα ἀνευρεῖν πειρώμενος.

The first finite verb ἀπόλλυσι is the main root; ἐγίνετο is temporal/circumstantial, and παρέσχεν coordinates a consequence. The final clause has διέτριψε governing the infinitive ἀνευρεῖν, with πειρώμενος as a concurrent participle. The construction αὐτῶν ἀποσωθῆναί τινας is an accusative-and-infinitive complement of παρέσχεν, with αὐτῶν probably referring to the Lacedaemonians.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ἀριστομένης	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	N--S-N--	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 ἀπόλλυσι	nsubj	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	19 ἀπόλλυσι	cc	high
3	εἴκων	εἴκω	VERB	V-PAPNSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	19 ἀπόλλυσι	advcl	medium	Concessive/circumstantial participle: yielding to his spirit.
4	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-SDSM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 θυμῷ	det	high
5	θυμῷ	θυμός	NOUN	N-SDSM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 εἴκων	obl	high
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	8 ἀκροώμενος	cc	high
7	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	PART	Polarity=Neg	8 ἀκροώμενος	advmod	high
8	ἀκροώμενος	ἀκροάομαι	VERB	V-PMPNSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	19 ἀπόλλυσι	advcl	high
9	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-APNA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	10 πάντα	det	high
10	πάντα	πᾶς	ADJ	A-APNA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	8 ἀκροώμενος	obj	high	Substantivized adjective, everything.
11	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 μάντεως	det	high
12	μάντεως	μάντις	NOUN	N-GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 ἀκροώμενος	obl	high	Genitive dependent on ἀκροώμενος.
13	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	CONJ	_	17 ἐγίνετο	mark	medium	Introduces a temporal/circumstantial clause.
14	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	16 ἀχράδα	case	high
15	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASFA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 ἀχράδα	det	high
16	ἀχράδα	ἀχράς	NOUN	N-ASFA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 ἐγίνετο	obl	high
17	ἐγίνετο	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-IMI3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	19 ἀπόλλυσι	advcl	high
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἀπόλλυσι	punct	high
19	ἀπόλλυσι	ἀπόλλυμι	VERB	V-PAI3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
20	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASFA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ἀσπίδα	det	high
21	ἀσπίδα	ἀσπίς	NOUN	N-ASFA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 ἀπόλλυσι	obj	high
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἀπόλλυσι	punct	high
23	Λακεδαιμονίοις	Λακεδαιμόνιος	PROPN	N-DPM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	29 παρέσχεν	iobj	high	Dative of recipient.
24	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	29 παρέσχεν	cc	high
25	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASNA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	26 ἁμάρτημα	det	high
26	ἁμάρτημα	ἁμάρτημα	NOUN	N-ASNA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	29 παρέσχεν	obj	high	Object: the error/mistake.
27	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 Ἀριστομένους	det	high
28	Ἀριστομένους	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	N-GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	26 ἁμάρτημα	nmod	high
29	παρέσχεν	παρέχω	VERB	V-AAI3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	19 ἀπόλλυσι	conj	high	Coordinated finite verb.
30	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	31 ἀποσωθῆναί	nsubj	medium	Genitive subject of the infinitive, likely the Lacedaemonians.
31	ἀποσωθῆναί	ἀποσῴζω	VERB	V-APN	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Pass	29 παρέσχεν	xcomp	high	Infinitive in an accusative-and-infinitive construction.
32	τινας	τις	PRON	P-APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Ind	31 ἀποσωθῆναί	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive.
33	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	35 φυγῆς	case	high
34	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	35 φυγῆς	det	high
35	φυγῆς	φυγή	NOUN	N-GSF-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 ἀποσωθῆναί	obl	high
36	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἀπόλλυσι	punct	high
37	διέτριψε	διατρίβω	VERB	V-AAI3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	19 ἀπόλλυσι	parataxis	high	Separate explanatory clause after punctuation.
38	γὰρ	γάρ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	37 διέτριψε	cc	high
39	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASFA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	40 ἀσπίδα	det	high
40	ἀσπίδα	ἀσπίς	NOUN	N-ASFA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	41 ἀνευρεῖν	obj	medium	Accusative retained with the infinitive; semantically the shield sought.
41	ἀνευρεῖν	ἀνευρίσκω	VERB	V-PAN	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	37 διέτριψε	xcomp	high
42	πειρώμενος	πειράομαι	VERB	V-PMPNSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	37 διέτριψε	advcl	high	Concurrent participle, ‘trying’.
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	37 διέτριψε	punct	high

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