Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.16.5

← 4.16.4 4.16.7 →

Passage 4.16.5

Open translation for this passage

2sentences parsed

72Greek tokens

1,871input tokens

5,283output tokens

Sentence 1

4.16.5 sentence 1

Tokens: 29
Input: 848
Output: 2,049
Total: 2,897

ἔνθα δὴ καὶ παρʼ ἀχράδα πεφυκυῖάν που τοῦ πεδίου, παρὰ ταύτην Ἀριστομένην οὐκ εἴα παραθεῖν ὁ μάντις Θέοκλος· καθέζεσθαι γὰρ τοὺς Διοσκούρους ἔφασκεν ἐπὶ τῇ ἀχράδι.

The syntax is somewhat tangled: the first clause has a participial phrase modifying ἀχράδα, while the second half is reported speech with an infinitival complement; Διοσκούρους is treated as the implied subject of καθέζεσθαι.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἔνθα	ἔνθα	ADV	_	_	15 εἴα	advmod	high	Locative/temporal adverb introducing the scene.
2	δὴ	δή	PART	_	_	1 ἔνθα	discourse	high	Emphatic particle.
3	καὶ	καί	PART	_	_	1 ἔνθα	advmod	medium	Likely additive/emphatic particle modifying the adverbial phrase.
4	παρʼ	παρά	ADP	_	Case=ACC	5 ἀχράδα	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
5	ἀχράδα	ἀχράς	NOUN	_	Case=ACC\|Gender=FEM\|Number=SG	15 εἴα	obl	high	Object of παρά.
6	πεφυκυῖάν	φύω	VERB	_	Case=ACC\|Gender=FEM\|Number=SG\|Tense=PERF\|VerbForm=PART\|Voice=ACT	5 ἀχράδα	amod	high	Perfect active participle agreeing with ἀχράδα.
7	που	που	PART	_	_	6 πεφυκυῖάν	advmod	medium	Enclitic particle, probably attenuating/indefinite.
8	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=GEN\|Gender=NEUT\|Number=SG\|PronType=Art	9 πεδίου	det	high	Article modifying πεδίου.
9	πεδίου	πεδίον	NOUN	_	Case=GEN\|Gender=NEUT\|Number=SG	5 ἀχράδα	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of ἀχράδα in the phrase.
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	15 εἴα	punct	high	Comma.
11	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	_	Case=ACC	13 Ἀριστομένην	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
12	ταύτην	οὗτος	DET	_	Case=ACC\|Gender=FEM\|Number=SG\|PronType=Dem	13 Ἀριστομένην	det	high	Demonstrative modifying Ἀριστομένην.
13	Ἀριστομένην	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	_	Case=ACC\|Gender=MASC\|Number=SG	16 παραθεῖν	obl	high	Accusative object of παρά in the infinitival clause.
14	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	_	_	15 εἴα	advmod	high	Negation.
15	εἴα	ἐάω	VERB	_	Mood=IND\|Number=SG\|Person=3\|Tense=IMPF\|VerbForm=FIN\|Voice=ACT	0 ROOT	root	high	Main finite verb.
16	παραθεῖν	παρατίθημι	VERB	_	Tense=AOR\|VerbForm=INF\|Voice=ACT	15 εἴα	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive.
17	ὁ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=NOM\|Gender=MASC\|Number=SG\|PronType=Art	18 μάντις	det	high	Article modifying μάντις.
18	μάντις	μάντις	NOUN	_	Case=NOM\|Gender=MASC\|Number=SG	19 Θέοκλος	nsubj	high	Subject of εἴα.
19	Θέοκλος	Θέοκλος	PROPN	_	Case=NOM\|Gender=MASC\|Number=SG	18 μάντις	appos	high	Proper name in apposition to μάντις.
20	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	15 εἴα	punct	high	Middle dot punctuation.
21	καθέζεσθαι	καθέζομαι	VERB	_	Tense=PRES\|VerbForm=INF\|Voice=MID	25 ἔφασκεν	xcomp	high	Infinitival complement of ἔφασκεν.
22	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	_	_	25 ἔφασκεν	discourse	high	Postpositive explanatory particle.
23	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=ACC\|Gender=MASC\|Number=PL\|PronType=Art	24 Διοσκούρους	det	high	Article modifying Διοσκούρους.
24	Διοσκούρους	Διόσκουροι	PROPN	_	Case=ACC\|Gender=MASC\|Number=PL	21 καθέζεσθαι	nsubj	medium	Accusative subject of the infinitive; depends on the sense of saying/perceiving.
25	ἔφασκεν	φάσκω	VERB	_	Mood=IND\|Number=SG\|Person=3\|Tense=IMPF\|VerbForm=FIN\|Voice=ACT	15 εἴα	parataxis	high	Reported-speech verb coordinated to the main narrative verb.
26	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	_	Case=DAT	28 ἀχράδι	case	high	Preposition governing dative.
27	τῇ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=DAT\|Gender=FEM\|Number=SG\|PronType=Art	28 ἀχράδι	det	high	Article modifying ἀχράδι.
28	ἀχράδι	ἀχράς	NOUN	_	Case=DAT\|Gender=FEM\|Number=SG	21 καθέζεσθαι	obl	high	Dative object of ἐπί.
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	15 εἴα	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 2

4.16.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 43
Input: 1,023
Output: 3,234
Total: 4,257

Ἀριστομένης δὲ εἴκων τῷ θυμῷ καὶ οὐκ ἀκροώμενος τὰ πάντα τοῦ μάντεως ὡς κατὰ τὴν ἀχράδα ἐγίνετο, ἀπόλλυσι τὴν ἀσπίδα, Λακεδαιμονίοις τε τὸ ἁμάρτημα τοῦ Ἀριστομένους παρέσχεν αὐτῶν ἀποσωθῆναί τινας ἐκ τῆς φυγῆς· διέτριψε γὰρ τὴν ἀσπίδα ἀνευρεῖν πειρώμενος.

The sentence contains paratactic narrative progression; I treated ἀπόλλυσι and διέτριψε as separate roots because the punctuation and discourse flow support a loose coordination rather than a single embedded clause.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ἀριστομένης	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	N-S---MN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	19 ἀπόλλυσι	nsubj	high	Subject of ἀπόλλυσι.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	G--------	_	19 ἀπόλλυσι	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	εἴκων	εἴκω	VERB	V-PAP-SMN-	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	19 ἀπόλλυσι	advcl	high	Participial clause modifying ἀπόλλυσι.
4	τῷ	ὁ	DET	T-D---DM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	5 θυμῷ	det	high	Article with θυμῷ.
5	θυμῷ	θυμός	NOUN	N-S---DM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	3 εἴκων	obl	high	Dative of respect with εἴκων.
6	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	8 ἀκροώμενος	cc	high	Coordinates participles.
7	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	D--------	_	8 ἀκροώμενος	advmod	high	Negates ἀκροώμενος.
8	ἀκροώμενος	ἀκροάομαι	VERB	V-PMP-SMN-	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	19 ἀπόλλυσι	advcl	high	Second participial clause modifying ἀπόλλυσι.
9	τὰ	ὁ	DET	T-AP---NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	10 πάντα	det	high	Article with πάντα.
10	πάντα	πᾶς	ADJ	A-P---NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	8 ἀκροώμενος	obj	high	Object of ἀκροώμενος.
11	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-G---SM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 μάντεως	det	high	Article with μάντεως.
12	μάντεως	μάντις	NOUN	N-S---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	10 πάντα	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent of πάντα, likely 'all [the words] of the seer'.
13	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	G--------	_	17 ἐγίνετο	mark	high	Introduces comparative/clausal relation.
14	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	R--------	_	16 ἀχράδα	case	high	Preposition governing ἀχράδα.
15	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	16 ἀχράδα	det	high	Article with ἀχράδα.
16	ἀχράδα	ἀχράς	NOUN	N-S---FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 ἐγίνετο	obl	medium	Likely object of κατά, though exact lexical form is uncertain.
17	ἐγίνετο	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-IXMI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	19 ἀπόλλυσι	advcl	high	Finite clause in the narrative sequence.
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἀπόλλυσι	punct	high	Punctuation.
19	ἀπόλλυσι	ἀπόλλυμι	VERB	V-PAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb.
20	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ἀσπίδα	det	high	Article with ἀσπίδα.
21	ἀσπίδα	ἀσπίς	NOUN	N-S---FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	19 ἀπόλλυσι	obj	high	Direct object of ἀπόλλυσι.
22	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	19 ἀπόλλυσι	punct	high	Punctuation.
23	Λακεδαιμονίοις	Λακεδαιμόνιος	PROPN	A-D---DM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	29 παρέσχεν	iobj	medium	Dative recipient/beneficiary with παρέσχεν.
24	τε	τε	PART	G--------	_	23 Λακεδαιμονίοις	cc	high	Enclitic connective.
25	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-AS---NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	26 ἁμάρτημα	det	high	Article with ἁμάρτημα.
26	ἁμάρτημα	ἁμάρτημα	NOUN	N-S---NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	29 παρέσχεν	obj	high	Direct object of παρέσχεν.
27	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	T-G---SM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	28 Ἀριστομένους	det	high	Article with Ἀριστομένους.
28	Ἀριστομένους	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	N-S---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	26 ἁμάρτημα	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of ἁμάρτημα.
29	παρέσχεν	παρέχω	VERB	V-AAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Second main verb; coordination is loose parataxis in the sentence.
30	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P-P---MG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3	31 ἀποσωθῆναί	nsubj	medium	Likely subject of ἀποσωθῆναί in an infinitival clause; form is genitive, so relation is uncertain.
31	ἀποσωθῆναί	ἀποσῴζω	VERB	V-APN	Aspect=Perf\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Pass	29 παρέσχεν	xcomp	high	Complement of παρέσχεν.
32	τινας	τις	PRON	P-AP---M-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Ind	31 ἀποσωθῆναί	obj	high	Object of ἀποσωθῆναί, though semantics are awkward.
33	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	R--------	_	35 φυγῆς	case	high	Preposition.
34	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	35 φυγῆς	det	high	Article with φυγῆς.
35	φυγῆς	φυγή	NOUN	N-S---FG-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 ἀποσωθῆναί	obl	high	Prepositional phrase with ἐκ.
36	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	29 παρέσχεν	punct	high	Punctuation.
37	διέτριψε	διατρίβω	VERB	V-AAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Alternative narrative clause after punctuation; treated as separate root due to parataxis in the source.
38	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	G--------	_	37 διέτριψε	discourse	high	Explanatory particle.
39	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	40 ἀσπίδα	det	high	Article with ἀσπίδα.
40	ἀσπίδα	ἀσπίς	NOUN	N-S---FA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	41 ἀνευρεῖν	obj	high	Object of ἀνευρεῖν.
41	ἀνευρεῖν	ἀνευρίσκω	VERB	V-AAN	Aspect=Perf\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	37 διέτριψε	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive with διέτριψε.
42	πειρώμενος	πειράω	VERB	V-PMP-SMN-	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	37 διέτριψε	advcl	high	Participial modifier of διέτριψε.
43	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	37 διέτριψε	punct	high	Punctuation.

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