Grammar parses for passage 4.17.10
Open translation for this passage
Ἀριστομένης δὲ μετὰ τὴν μάχην τοὺς διαπεφευγότας τῶν Μεσσηνίων συνήθροιζε, καὶ Ἀνδανίαν μὲν καὶ εἴ τι ἄλλο ἐν μεσογαίᾳ πόλισμα ἔπεισε τὰ πολλὰ ἐκλείπειν, ἐς δὲ τὴν Εἶραν τὸ ὄρος ἀνοικίζεσθαι.
Ἀριστομένης is the subject of συνήθροιζε and ἔπεισε; the latter governs coordinated infinitives ἐκλείπειν and ἀνοικίζεσθαι, with τὰ πολλὰ adverbial and εἴ τι ἄλλο πόλισμα as an indefinite relative object-like phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστομένης | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | N--S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 συνήθροιζε | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 10 συνήθροιζε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 5 μάχην | case | high | |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---AFS---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 μάχην | det | high | |
| 5 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N--AFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 συνήθροιζε | obl | high | |
| 6 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S---APM---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 διαπεφευγότας | det | high | |
| 7 | διαπεφευγότας | διαφεύγω | VERB | V-RPAPM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 συνήθροιζε | obj | high | Substantivized perfect participle. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S---GPM---- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Μεσσηνίων | det | high | |
| 9 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 διαπεφευγότας | nmod | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 10 | συνήθροιζε | συναθροίζω | VERB | V-IAI3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 συνήθροιζε | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 22 ἔπεισε | cc | high | Coordinates the second verbal predicate. |
| 13 | Ἀνδανίαν | Ἀνδανία | PROPN | N--AFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἔπεισε | obj | high | |
| 14 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X--------- | _ | 13 Ἀνδανίαν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν before the later δέ. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 21 πόλισμα | cc | high | |
| 16 | εἴ | εἰ | SCONJ | C--------- | _ | 21 πόλισμα | mark | medium | Introduces an indefinite relative-like phrase (‘whatever other township’). |
| 17 | τι | τις | PRON | P---NNS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 πόλισμα | det | medium | Indefinite pronoun, agreeing with neuter πόλισμα. |
| 18 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--NNS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 πόλισμα | amod | high | |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 20 μεσογαίᾳ | case | high | |
| 20 | μεσογαίᾳ | μεσόγαιος | ADJ | A--DFS--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 πόλισμα | obl | high | Substantivized feminine adjective, ‘in the interior’. |
| 21 | πόλισμα | πόλισμα | NOUN | N--NNS--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἔπεισε | obj | medium | Nominal form is retained in an indefinite relative-like expression; syntactically object of ἔπεισε. |
| 22 | ἔπεισε | πείθω | VERB | V-IAI3S--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 συνήθροιζε | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb with subject Ἀριστομένης. |
| 23 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | S---APN---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 πολλὰ | det | high | |
| 24 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | A---APN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἐκλείπειν | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, ‘for the most part’. |
| 25 | ἐκλείπειν | ἐκλείπω | VERB | V-PNA----- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 22 ἔπεισε | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἔπεισε. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἔπεισε | punct | high | |
| 27 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 30 Εἶραν | case | high | |
| 28 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 33 ἀνοικίζεσθαι | cc | high | Contrasts the destination clause with the preceding infinitive. |
| 29 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---AFS---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 Εἶραν | det | high | |
| 30 | Εἶραν | Εἶρα | PROPN | N--AFS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 33 ἀνοικίζεσθαι | obl | high | Destination with εἰς. |
| 31 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S---ANS---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 ὄρος | det | high | |
| 32 | ὄρος | ὄρος | NOUN | N--ANS--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 ἀνοικίζεσθαι | obj | high | |
| 33 | ἀνοικίζεσθαι | ἀνοικίζω | VERB | V-PMP----- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 22 ἔπεισε | xcomp | high | Coordinated infinitive, with understood subject corresponding to the people persuaded. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 συνήθροιζε | punct | high |
συνεληλαμένοις δὲ ἐς τοῦτο τὸ χωρίον προσεκάθηντο οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι πολιορκίᾳ σφᾶς αὐτίκα ἐξαιρήσειν νομίζοντες·
The sentence has a fronted dative absolute/participial circumstance (συνεληλαμένοις), followed by προσεκάθηντο with οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι as subject; πολιορκίᾳ is an instrumental dative, and the accusative-infinitive clause depends on νομίζοντες.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | συνεληλαμένοις | συνελαύνω | VERB | V-PRP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 προσεκάθηντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial perfect passive participle, plausibly an impersonal/dative-absolute construction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 7 προσεκάθηντο | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | --------- | _ | 6 χωρίον | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | DET | PDN-AS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 χωρίον | det | high | |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 χωρίον | det | high | |
| 6 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 προσεκάθηντο | obl | high | Object of ἐς, expressing the place to which they had been driven/assembled. |
| 7 | προσεκάθηντο | προσκάθημαι | VERB | V-3IIM-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | high | |
| 9 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 προσεκάθηντο | nsubj | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective/name. |
| 10 | πολιορκίᾳ | πολιορκία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 προσεκάθηντο | obl | high | Instrumental/means dative: by siege. |
| 11 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | RP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 13 ἐξαιρήσειν | obj | high | Reflexive pronoun referring to the Lacedaemonians; accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 12 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 ἐξαιρήσειν | advmod | high | |
| 13 | ἐξαιρήσειν | ἐξαιρέω | VERB | V--FAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 νομίζοντες | xcomp | high | Infinitive in the accusative-and-infinitive complement of νομίζοντες. |
| 14 | νομίζοντες | νομίζω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 προσεκάθηντο | advcl | high | Participial adjunct with implicit subject οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 προσεκάθηντο | punct | high |
ἀντήρκεσαν δὲ ὅμως οἱ Μεσσήνιοι καὶ μετὰ τὴν ἐν τῇ τάφρῳ συμφορὰν ἑνί τε καὶ δέκα ἔτεσιν ἀμυνόμενοι.
The finite verb ἀντήρκεσαν is the root; οἱ Μεσσήνιοι is its subject. ἀμυνόμενοι is a coordinated/continuative participle agreeing with the subject, while ἑνί τε καὶ δέκα ἔτεσιν is a dative duration expression. The phrase μετὰ τὴν ... συμφορὰν is temporal, with ἐν τῇ τάφρῳ modifying συμφοράν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀντήρκεσαν | ἀνταρκέω | VERB | V-3P-AIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 1 ἀντήρκεσαν | cc | high | Postpositive adversative/continuative conjunction. |
| 3 | ὅμως | ὅμως | ADV | D--------- | _ | 1 ἀντήρκεσαν | advmod | high | |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM---- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Μεσσήνιοι | det | high | |
| 5 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | NPNM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ἀντήρκεσαν | nsubj | high | Ethnic proper-name noun used substantivally. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 18 ἀμυνόμενοι | cc | medium | Coordinates the participial continuation with the finite clause. |
| 7 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | R--------- | _ | 12 συμφορὰν | case | high | With accusative, temporal sense ‘after’. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-SFA---- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 συμφορὰν | det | high | |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 11 τάφρῳ | case | high | |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA-SFD---- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 τάφρῳ | det | high | |
| 11 | τάφρῳ | τάφρος | NOUN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 συμφορὰν | nmod | high | Locative phrase modifying συμφοράν. |
| 12 | συμφορὰν | συμφορά | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἀμυνόμενοι | obl | high | Object of μετὰ in a temporal phrase. |
| 13 | ἑνί | εἷς | NUM | A----DMS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἔτεσιν | amod | medium | Numeral modifying an understood/elliptical plural χρονῶν or ἔτεσιν; form is dative singular. |
| 14 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 13 ἑνί | cc | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 16 δέκα | cc | high | Part of the numeral coordination ἑνί ... καὶ δέκα. |
| 16 | δέκα | δέκα | NUM | M--------- | _ | 17 ἔτεσιν | compound | high | Coordinates with ἑνί to express eleven. |
| 17 | ἔτεσιν | ἔτος | NOUN | N-P---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 18 ἀμυνόμενοι | obl | high | Dative of duration. |
| 18 | ἀμυνόμενοι | ἀμύνομαι | VERB | V-PMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 1 ἀντήρκεσαν | advcl | medium | Present middle participle agreeing with Μεσσήνιοι; continuative/adverbial, possibly coordinated in sense. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀντήρκεσαν | punct | high |