Grammar parses for passage 4.17.11
Open translation for this passage
τὸν δὲ χρόνον τῆς πολιορκίας γενέσθαι τοσοῦτον δηλοῖ καὶ τάδε ἔπη Ῥιανοῦ πεποιημένα ἐς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους·
The clause is most naturally parsed as “the following verses composed by Rhianus for the Lacedaemonians also show that the duration of the siege became so long,” with χρόνον γενέσθαι as an accusative-and-infinitive complement of δηλοῖ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 χρόνον | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C- | _ | 8 δηλοῖ | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 γενέσθαι | obj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι; object-like accusative under δηλοῖ. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πολιορκίας | det | high | |
| 5 | πολιορκίας | πολιορκία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 χρόνον | nmod | high | Genitive specifying the period. |
| 6 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 8 δηλοῖ | xcomp | medium | Infinitive in an accusative-and-infinitive construction: χρόνον γενέσθαι. |
| 7 | τοσοῦτον | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 χρόνον | amod | high | Predicative adjective agreeing with χρόνον. |
| 8 | δηλοῖ | δηλόω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 11 ἔπη | cc | high | |
| 10 | τάδε | ὅδε | DET | D-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἔπη | det | high | Demonstrative determiner. |
| 11 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 δηλοῖ | nsubj | medium | Subject of δηλοῖ; neuter plural with singular verbal agreement is regular. |
| 12 | Ῥιανοῦ | Ῥιανός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 πεποιημένα | nmod:poss | high | Author attribution. |
| 13 | πεποιημένα | ποιέω | VERB | V-RMP-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 11 ἔπη | acl | high | Perfect passive participle modifying ἔπη. |
| 14 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P- | _ | 16 Λακεδαιμονίους | case | high | |
| 15 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | high | |
| 16 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 πεποιημένα | obl | medium | Audience/addressee of the composed verses. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 δηλοῖ | punct | high |
οὔρεος ἀργεννοῖο περὶ πτύχας ἐστρατόωντο χείματά τε ποίας τε δύω καὶ εἴκοσι πάσας·
Poetic syntax: οὔρεος ἀργεννοῖο is a genitive modifier of πτύχας; περὶ governs πτύχας, while ἐστρατόωντο is the finite predicate. χείματά and ποίας are coordinated accusatives, with δύω καὶ εἴκοσι and πάσας quantifying them; exact attachment of the quantified phrase is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὔρεος | οὖρος | NOUN | N-----G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 πτύχας | nmod | medium | Poetic genitive singular, modifying πτύχας. |
| 2 | ἀργεννοῖο | ἀργεννός | ADJ | A-----G-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 οὔρεος | amod | high | Poetic genitive singular agreeing with οὔρεος. |
| 3 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R----- | _ | 4 πτύχας | case | high | Preposition governing πτύχας. |
| 4 | πτύχας | πτύξ | NOUN | N-----A-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ἐστρατόωντο | obl | medium | Accusative plural object of the prepositional phrase; poetic construction. |
| 5 | ἐστρατόωντο | στρατόω | VERB | V3PIIM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Epic imperfect middle; exact lexical parsing is somewhat uncertain. |
| 6 | χείματά | χεῖμα | NOUN | N-----A-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἐστρατόωντο | obj | medium | Accusative plural coordinated object or measure phrase associated with the predicate. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 χείματά | cc | high | First enclitic coordinator. |
| 8 | ποίας | ποιός | NOUN | N-----A-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 χείματά | conj | medium | Lexically ambiguous; treated as a coordinated accusative noun phrase, likely poetic form related to ποία. |
| 9 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ποίας | cc | high | Second enclitic coordinator. |
| 10 | δύω | δύο | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 12 εἴκοσι | compound | high | Epic numeral form. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 εἴκοσι | cc | high | Coordinates the two parts of the numeral. |
| 12 | εἴκοσι | εἴκοσι | NUM | M-------- | NumType=Card | 13 πάσας | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral modifying πάσας. |
| 13 | πάσας | πᾶς | ADJ | A-----A-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 ποίας | amod | low | Accusative feminine plural; attachment to ποίας is uncertain, with numeral phrase possibly quantifying an omitted or poetic noun. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστρατόωντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
χειμῶνας γὰρ καὶ θέρη κατέλεξε, πόας εἰπὼν τὸν χλωρὸν σῖτον ἢ ὀλίγον πρὸ ἀμητοῦ.
The final phrase gives an elliptical alternative, ὀλίγον [σῖτον], with πρὸ ἀμητοῦ specifying the temporal relation; πόας and σῖτον are treated as an appositional naming construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χειμῶνας | χειμών | NOUN | n-2aAccPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 κατέλεξε | obj | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | ptcl | _ | 5 κατέλεξε | discourse | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 4 θέρη | cc | high | |
| 4 | θέρη | θέρος | NOUN | n-3nAccPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 κατέλεξε | obj | high | Coordinated with χειμῶνας. |
| 5 | κατέλεξε | καταλέγω | VERB | v3saia--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | punct | _ | 5 κατέλεξε | punct | high | |
| 7 | πόας | πόα | NOUN | n-1fAccPl | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 εἰπὼν | obj | high | Object of εἰπών. |
| 8 | εἰπὼν | λέγω | VERB | v-2appma--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 5 κατέλεξε | advcl | high | Aorist participial adjunct, subject understood as the subject of κατέλεξε. |
| 9 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | l-2msaa--- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 σῖτον | det | high | |
| 10 | χλωρὸν | χλωρός | ADJ | a-2msaa--- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 σῖτον | amod | high | |
| 11 | σῖτον | σῖτος | NOUN | n-2mAccSg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 πόας | appos | medium | Appositional specification of πόας in the phrase naming the green grain. |
| 12 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 13 ὀλίγον | cc | high | |
| 13 | ὀλίγον | ὀλίγος | ADJ | a-2msaa--- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 σῖτον | conj | medium | Elliptical alternative modifying σῖτον: little [grain]. |
| 14 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | r | _ | 15 ἀμητοῦ | case | high | |
| 15 | ἀμητοῦ | ἀμητός | NOUN | n-2mGenSg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ὀλίγον | obl | high | Genitive complement of πρό. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | punct | _ | 5 κατέλεξε | punct | high |