Grammar parses for passage 4.17.2
Open translation for this passage
τρίτῳ δὲ ἔτει τοῦ πολέμου μελλούσης γίνεσθαι συμβολῆς ἐπὶ τῇ καλουμένῃ Μεγάλῃ τάφρῳ καὶ Μεσσηνίοις Ἀρκάδων βεβοηθηκότων ἀπὸ πασῶν τῶν πόλεων, Ἀριστοκράτην τὸν Ἱκέτα Τραπεζούντιον, βασιλέα τῶν Ἀρκάδων καὶ στρατηγὸν ὄντα ἐν τῷ τότε, διαφθείρουσιν οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι χρήμασι.
The opening contains coordinated genitive absolutes: an impending engagement and the Arcadians having brought aid to the Messenians; the accusative name and appositional titles form the object of διαφθείρουσιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τρίτῳ | τρίτος | ADJ | A--DSM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἔτει | amod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 38 διαφθείρουσιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἔτει | ἔτος | NOUN | N-----DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 38 διαφθείρουσιν | obl | high | Dative of time. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 5 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἔτει | nmod | high | |
| 6 | μελλούσης | μέλλω | VERB | V-PAPGFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 συμβολῆς | amod | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 7 | γίνεσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PNM--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 6 μελλούσης | xcomp | high | |
| 8 | συμβολῆς | συμβολή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 βεβοηθηκότων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 13 τάφρῳ | case | high | |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 καλουμένῃ | det | high | |
| 11 | καλουμένῃ | καλέω | VERB | V-PPPGDF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 13 τάφρῳ | amod | high | |
| 12 | Μεγάλῃ | μέγας | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 τάφρῳ | amod | high | |
| 13 | τάφρῳ | τάφρος | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 συμβολῆς | obl | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 15 Μεσσηνίοις | cc | high | |
| 15 | Μεσσηνίοις | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 βεβοηθηκότων | iobj | medium | Recipient/benefactive dative with βεβοηθηκότων. |
| 16 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 βεβοηθηκότων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 17 | βεβοηθηκότων | βοηθέω | VERB | V-RAPGPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 38 διαφθείρουσιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute; coordinated with the preceding absolute. |
| 18 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 21 πόλεων | case | high | |
| 19 | πασῶν | πᾶς | DET | A-GPF | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 πόλεων | det | high | |
| 20 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 πόλεων | det | high | |
| 21 | πόλεων | πόλις | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 βεβοηθηκότων | obl | high | |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 διαφθείρουσιν | punct | high | |
| 23 | Ἀριστοκράτην | Ἀριστοκράτης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 38 διαφθείρουσιν | obj | high | |
| 24 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 Ἱκέτα | det | high | |
| 25 | Ἱκέτα | Ἱκέτας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Ἀριστοκράτην | appos | high | Patronymic/name in apposition; form is irregular. |
| 26 | Τραπεζούντιον | Τραπεζούντιος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Ἀριστοκράτην | amod | high | Ethnic adjective used as an epithet. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 διαφθείρουσιν | punct | high | |
| 28 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Ἀριστοκράτην | appos | high | Apposition to the object. |
| 29 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | |
| 30 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 28 βασιλέα | nmod | high | |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 32 στρατηγὸν | cc | high | |
| 32 | στρατηγὸν | στρατηγός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Ἀριστοκράτην | appos | high | Coordinated apposition. |
| 33 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAPASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 32 στρατηγὸν | cop | high | Participial copula in apposition. |
| 34 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R--------- | _ | 36 τότε | case | high | |
| 35 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 τότε | det | high | |
| 36 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D--------- | _ | 33 ὄντα | obl | high | Temporal adverbial phrase. |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 διαφθείρουσιν | punct | high | |
| 38 | διαφθείρουσιν | διαφθείρω | VERB | V-PIA3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 39 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 40 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | det | high | |
| 40 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 38 διαφθείρουσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 41 | χρήμασι | χρῆμα | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 38 διαφθείρουσιν | obl | high | Instrumental/means dative. |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 38 διαφθείρουσιν | punct | high |
πρῶτοι γὰρ ὧν ἴσμεν Λακεδαιμόνιοι πολεμίῳ ἀνδρὶ δῶρα ἔδοσαν, καὶ ὤνιον πρῶτοι κατεστήσαντο εἶναι τὸ κράτος τὸ ἐν τοῖς ὅπλοις·
The second clause coordinates with ἔδοσαν; κατεστήσαντο takes εἶναι plus the neuter subject/predicate construction τὸ κράτος ... ὤνιον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πρῶτοι | πρῶτος | ADJ | A--NPM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | amod | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | CONJ | _ | 5 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | R--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 4 ἴσμεν | obj | medium | Relative pronoun in the idiom ὧν ἴσμεν, ‘of whom we know’; partitive/genitive object with ἴσμεν. |
| 4 | ἴσμεν | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAI-1P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 5 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | acl | medium | Perfect-form verb with present meaning; relative clause modifying the implicit/expressed Spartans. |
| 5 | Λακεδαιμόνιοι | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἔδοσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | πολεμίῳ | πολέμιος | ADJ | A--DSM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνδρὶ | amod | high | |
| 7 | ἀνδρὶ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N--DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἔδοσαν | iobj | high | Recipient of δῶρα ἔδοσαν. |
| 8 | δῶρα | δῶρον | NOUN | N--APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 ἔδοσαν | obj | high | |
| 9 | ἔδοσαν | δίδωμι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist indicative. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔδοσαν | punct | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 κατεστήσαντο | cc | high | Coordinates the second finite predicate. |
| 12 | ὤνιον | ὤνιος | ADJ | A--NSN | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 κατεστήσαντο | xcomp | medium | Predicate adjective with κατεστήσαντο εἶναι, ‘established ... to be purchasable’; neuter agrees with τὸ κράτος. |
| 13 | πρῶτοι | πρῶτος | ADJ | A--NPM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Λακεδαιμόνιοι | advmod | high | Predicative/supplementary ‘first’; understood subject is the Spartans. |
| 14 | κατεστήσαντο | καθίστημι | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 9 ἔδοσαν | conj | high | Aorist middle, coordinated with ἔδοσαν. |
| 15 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 14 κατεστήσαντο | xcomp | high | |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L--NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 κράτος | det | high | |
| 17 | κράτος | κράτος | NOUN | N--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative-and-infinitive syntax is not morphologically marked here; nominative is the form of the neuter subject. |
| 18 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L--NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 κράτος | det | high | |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 21 ὅπλοις | case | high | |
| 20 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L--DPN | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 ὅπλοις | det | high | |
| 21 | ὅπλοις | ὅπλον | NOUN | N--DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 κράτος | nmod | high | Prepositional modifier of κράτος. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἔδοσαν | punct | high |