Grammar parses for passage 4.17.5
Open translation for this passage
τοῖς οὖν Λακεδαιμονίοις, ὅτε δὴ μάλιστα ἤνθησαν καὶ Ἀθηναίων τε τὸ ναυτικὸν καθῃρήκεσαν καὶ Ἀγησίλαος κεχείρωτο τὰ πολλὰ ἤδη τῆς Ἀσίας, τότε σφίσι τὴν ἀρχὴν πᾶσαν οὐκ ἐξεγένετο ἀφελέσθαι τὸν Μῆδον, ἀλλὰ σφᾶς ὁ βάρβαρος περιῆλθε τῷ ἐκείνων εὑρήματι, ἐς Κόρινθον καὶ Ἄργος καὶ ἐς Ἀθήνας τε καὶ Θήβας χρήματα ἀποστείλας·
The sentence is structured around a main clause with two coordinated predicates (ἐξεγένετο, περιῆλθε), preceded by a temporal frame with several coordinated subordinate clauses and followed by a participial phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 Λακεδαιμονίοις | det | high | Article modifying Λακεδαιμονίοις. |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | _ | _ | 3 Λακεδαιμονίοις | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 3 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἤνθησαν | obl | high | Dative subject/discourse frame of the temporal clause. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἤνθησαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 5 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 8 ἤνθησαν | advcl | high | Temporal subordinating conjunction introducing clause. |
| 6 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 8 ἤνθησαν | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 7 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | _ | _ | 8 ἤνθησαν | advmod | high | Modifies ἤνθησαν. |
| 8 | ἤνθησαν | ἀνθέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 30 ἐξεγένετο | advcl | medium | Likely aorist in narrative sequence, though form can be read as perfect in some analyses; attached as temporal clause. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 ἤνθησαν | cc | high | Coordinates the temporal-clause predicates. |
| 10 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 ναυτικὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ναυτικὸν. |
| 11 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 10 Ἀθηναίων | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ναυτικὸν | det | high | Article modifying ναυτικὸν. |
| 13 | ναυτικὸν | ναυτικός | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 καθῃρήκεσαν | obj | high | Substantivized adjective 'the navy'. |
| 14 | καθῃρήκεσαν | καθαιρέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 8 ἤνθησαν | conj | high | Coordinated verb within temporal clause. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 καθῃρήκεσαν | cc | high | Coordinates with καθῃρήκεσαν. |
| 16 | Ἀγησίλαος | Ἀγησίλαος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 κεχείρωτο | nsubj | high | Subject of κεχείρωτο. |
| 17 | κεχείρωτο | χειρόω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plup|Voice=Mid | 8 ἤνθησαν | conj | medium | Pluperfect middle/passive form; coordinated with prior temporal predicates. |
| 18 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 πολλὰ | det | high | Article with πολλὰ. |
| 19 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 κεχείρωτο | obj | high | Adverbial accusative 'for the most part'. |
| 20 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | _ | _ | 17 κεχείρωτο | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 21 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 Ἀσίας | det | high | Article with Ἀσίας. |
| 22 | Ἀσίας | Ἀσία | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 κεχείρωτο | obl | high | Genitive complement of κεχείρωτο/measure of extent. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐξεγένετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | τότε | τότε | ADV | _ | _ | 30 ἐξεγένετο | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying main predicate. |
| 25 | σφίσι | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 30 ἐξεγένετο | iobj | high | Dative of advantage/possession. |
| 26 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 27 ἀρχὴν | det | high | Article with ἀρχὴν. |
| 27 | ἀρχὴν | ἀρχή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 ἀφελέσθαι | obj | high | Object of infinitive ἀφελέσθαι. |
| 28 | πᾶσαν | πᾶς | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἀρχὴν | amod | high | Modifies ἀρχήν. |
| 29 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 30 ἐξεγένετο | advmod | high | Negation. |
| 30 | ἐξεγένετο | ἐξγίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Main clause verb; form/lemma somewhat uncertain, but syntactically root. |
| 31 | ἀφελέσθαι | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 30 ἐξεγένετο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive. |
| 32 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 Μῆδον | det | high | Article with Μῆδον. |
| 33 | Μῆδον | Μῆδος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἀφελέσθαι | obj | high | Object of ἀφελέσθαι. |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐξεγένετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 35 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | _ | _ | 39 περιῆλθε | cc | high | Adversative coordinator. |
| 36 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 39 περιῆλθε | obj | high | Object of περιῆλθε. |
| 37 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 38 βάρβαρος | det | high | Article with βάρβαρος. |
| 38 | βάρβαρος | βάρβαρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 39 περιῆλθε | nsubj | high | Subject of περιῆλθε. |
| 39 | περιῆλθε | περιέρχομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 30 ἐξεγένετο | conj | high | Coordinated main verb. |
| 40 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 42 εὑρήματι | det | high | Article with εὑρήματι. |
| 41 | ἐκείνων | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 42 εὑρήματι | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of εὑρήματι. |
| 42 | εὑρήματι | εὕρημα | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 39 περιῆλθε | obl | high | Dative of means/instrument. |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 39 περιῆλθε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 44 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 45 Κόρινθον | case | high | Preposition. |
| 45 | Κόρινθον | Κόρινθος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 54 χρήματα | obl | high | First place in prepositional coordination. |
| 46 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 45 Κόρινθον | cc | high | Coordinates places. |
| 47 | Ἄργος | Ἄργος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 45 Κόρινθον | conj | high | Coordinated place name. |
| 48 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 45 Κόρινθον | cc | high | Coordinates second prepositional phrase. |
| 49 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 50 Ἀθήνας | case | high | Preposition. |
| 50 | Ἀθήνας | Ἀθῆναι | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 45 Κόρινθον | conj | medium | Coordinated with Κόρινθον under the same verb. |
| 51 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 50 Ἀθήνας | discourse | high | Enclitic connective. |
| 52 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 50 Ἀθήνας | cc | high | Coordinates with Ἀθήνας. |
| 53 | Θήβας | Θῆβαι | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 50 Ἀθήνας | conj | high | Coordinated place name. |
| 54 | χρήματα | χρῆμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 55 ἀποστείλας | obj | high | Object of participle ἀποστείλας. |
| 55 | ἀποστείλας | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 39 περιῆλθε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying περιῆλθε. |
| 56 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 ἐξεγένετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |