Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 4.18.5

← 4.18.44.18.6 →

Passage 4.18.5

Open translation for this passage

2sentences parsed
61Greek tokens
1,747input tokens
4,456output tokens
Sentence 1

4.18.5 sentence 1

Tokens
23
Input
780
Output
1,613
Total
2,393

οἱ μὲν δὴ ἄλλοι Μεσσηνίων ἐσπίπτοντες ἀπώλλυντο αὐτίκα, Ἀριστομένην δὲ ἔς τε τὰ ἄλλα θεῶν τις καὶ δὴ καὶ τότε ἐφύλασσεν·

The first clause has οἱ ἄλλοι Μεσσηνίων as the subject (with Μεσσηνίων a partitive genitive) and ἐσπίπτοντες as a circumstantial participle. In the second clause Ἀριστομένην is the accusative object of ἐφύλασσεν; θεῶν τις is an indefinite subject, with καί ... καί coordinating the adverbial additions.

punct conj obj cc obl discourse nsubj discourse cc det amod discourse punct case cc cc nmod advcl advmod det nmod advmod root 1 οἱ ὁ / DET 2 μὲν μέν / PART 3 δὴ δή / PART 4 ἄλλοι ἄλλος / ADJ 5 Μεσσηνίων Μεσσήνιος / PROPN 6 ἐσπίπτοντες ἐσπίπτω / VERB 7 ἀπώλλυντο ἀπόλλυμι / VERB 8 αὐτίκα αὐτίκα / ADV 9 , , / PUNCT 10 Ἀριστομένην Ἀριστομένης / PROPN 11 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 12 ἔς εἰς / ADP 13 τε τε / CCONJ 14 τὰ ὁ / DET 15 ἄλλα ἄλλος / ADJ 16 θεῶν θεός / NOUN 17 τις τις / PRON 18 καὶ καί / CCONJ 19 δὴ δή / PART 20 καὶ καί / CCONJ 21 τότε τότε / ADV 22 ἐφύλασσεν φυλάσσω / VERB 23 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1οἱDETT--P---MN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur4 ἄλλοιdethigh
2μὲνμένPARTDf_7 ἀπώλλυντοdiscoursehighCorrelative particle introducing the first clause.
3δὴδήPARTDf_7 ἀπώλλυντοdiscoursehighEmphatic particle.
4ἄλλοιἄλλοςADJA--P---MN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur7 ἀπώλλυντοamodhigh
5ΜεσσηνίωνΜεσσήνιοςPROPNNe-P---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur4 ἄλλοιnmodhighPartitive genitive: ‘the other [men] of the Messenians’.
6ἐσπίπτοντεςἐσπίπτωVERBV-PAP-PMN-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act7 ἀπώλλυντοadvclhighCircumstantial present active participle.
7ἀπώλλυντοἀπόλλυμιVERBV-IIM-3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighIntransitive middle: ‘were perishing’.
8αὐτίκααὐτίκαADVDf_7 ἀπώλλυντοadvmodhigh
9,,PUNCT__7 ἀπώλλυντοpuncthigh
10ἈριστομένηνἈριστομένηςPROPNNe-S---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing22 ἐφύλασσενobjhigh
11δὲδέCCONJC-_22 ἐφύλασσενcchighAdversative/coordinating particle.
12ἔςεἰςADPR_14 τὰcasehighVariant form of εἰς.
13τετεCCONJC-_15 ἄλλαcchighFirst member of τε ... καί coordination.
14τὰDETT---P---NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur15 ἄλλαdethigh
15ἄλλαἄλλοςADJA---P---NA-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur22 ἐφύλασσενoblhighSubstantivized adjective, coordinated with an understood further object/domain.
16θεῶνθεόςNOUNN---P---NG-Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur17 τιςnmodmediumGenitive dependent on τις: ‘some one of the gods’.
17τιςτιςPRONP---NSM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing22 ἐφύλασσενnsubjhighIndefinite subject of ἐφύλασσεν.
18καὶκαίCCONJC-_22 ἐφύλασσενcchighCoordinates the first adverbial/additive phrase.
19δὴδήPARTDf_22 ἐφύλασσενdiscoursehighEmphatic particle.
20καὶκαίCCONJC-_22 ἐφύλασσενcchighSecond member of καὶ δή καὶ construction.
21τότετότεADVDg_22 ἐφύλασσενadvmodhigh
22ἐφύλασσενφυλάσσωVERBV-IAA-3S-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act7 ἀπώλλυντοconjhighFinite verb of the second coordinated clause; coordinated with ἀπώλλυντο.
23··PUNCT__7 ἀπώλλυντοpuncthigh
Sentence 2

4.18.5 sentence 2

Tokens
38
Input
967
Output
2,843
Total
3,810

οἱ δὲ ἀποσεμνύνοντες τὰ κατʼ αὐτὸν Ἀριστομένει φασὶν ἐμβληθέντι ἐς τὸν Κεάδαν ὄρνιθα τὸν ἀετὸν ὑποπέτεσθαι καὶ ἀνέχειν ταῖς πτέρυξιν, ἐς ὃ κατήνεγκεν αὐτὸν ἐς τὸ πέρας οὔτε πηρωθέντα οὐδὲν τοῦ σώματος οὔτε τραῦμά τι λαβόντα.

Main structure: οἱ ἀποσεμνύνοντες ... φασίν governs coordinated infinitives ὑποπέτεσθαι and ἀνέχειν; ἐμβληθέντι and ἐς ὃ ... κατήνεγκεν form the temporal/relative rescue circumstance. The participles πηρωθέντα and λαβόντα are coordinated accusative predicates modifying αὐτόν.

punct conj ccomp advcl cc advcl nsubj conj obl obl obj punct nmod cc det det nmod obl case appos conj obl case obj case det det cc det case obl obj det cc obj det det root 1 οἱ ὁ / DET 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 ἀποσεμνύνοντες ἀποσεμνύνω / VERB 4 τὰ ὁ / DET 5 κατʼ κατά / ADP 6 αὐτὸν αὐτός / PRON 7 Ἀριστομένει Ἀριστομένης / PROPN 8 φασὶν φημί / VERB 9 ἐμβληθέντι ἐμβάλλω / VERB 10 ἐς εἰς / ADP 11 τὸν ὁ / DET 12 Κεάδαν Κεάδας / PROPN 13 ὄρνιθα ὄρνις / NOUN 14 τὸν ὁ / DET 15 ἀετὸν ἀετός / NOUN 16 ὑποπέτεσθαι ὑποπέτομαι / VERB 17 καὶ καί / CCONJ 18 ἀνέχειν ἀνέχω / VERB 19 ταῖς ὁ / DET 20 πτέρυξιν πτέρυξ / NOUN 21 , , / PUNCT 22 ἐς εἰς / ADP 23 ὅς / PRON 24 κατήνεγκεν καταφέρω / VERB 25 αὐτὸν αὐτός / PRON 26 ἐς εἰς / ADP 27 τὸ ὁ / DET 28 πέρας πέρας / NOUN 29 οὔτε οὔτε / CCONJ 30 πηρωθέντα πηρόω / VERB 31 οὐδὲν οὐδείς / PRON 32 τοῦ ὁ / DET 33 σώματος σῶμα / NOUN 34 οὔτε οὔτε / CCONJ 35 τραῦμά τραῦμα / NOUN 36 τι τις / DET 37 λαβόντα λαμβάνω / VERB 38 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1οἱDETT----NM-PCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art3 ἀποσεμνύνοντεςdethigh
2δὲδέCCONJC--------_8 φασὶνcchigh
3ἀποσεμνύνοντεςἀποσεμνύνωVERBV-PAP-NMPCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act8 φασὶνnsubjhighSubstantivized participle, ‘those who embellish/exalt’.
4τὰDETT----AN-PCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art6 αὐτὸνdethigh
5κατʼκατάADPR--------_6 αὐτὸνcasehigh
6αὐτὸναὐτόςPRONP--ASM-SCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs4 τὰnmodmediumκατʼ αὐτόν governs the substantivized neuter article phrase τὰ κατʼ αὐτόν.
7ἈριστομένειἈριστομένηςPROPNNe--DSM-SCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ἐμβληθέντιoblhighDative of reference with ἐμβληθέντι.
8φασὶνφημίVERBV-PAI-3PMood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothigh
9ἐμβληθέντιἐμβάλλωVERBV-APP-DSM-SCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass16 ὑποπέτεσθαιadvclmediumDative participle, circumstantial with understood subject Aristomenes.
10ἐςεἰςADPR--------_12 Κεάδανcasehigh
11τὸνDETT----AM-SCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art12 Κεάδανdethigh
12ΚεάδανΚεάδαςPROPNNe--ASM-SCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 ἐμβληθέντιoblhigh
13ὄρνιθαὄρνιςNOUNN----AM-SCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 ὑποπέτεσθαιobjhighSubject of the infinitive, accusative with infinitive.
14τὸνDETT----AM-SCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art15 ἀετὸνdethigh
15ἀετὸνἀετόςNOUNN----AM-SCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 ὄρνιθαapposhighApposition to ὄρνιθα.
16ὑποπέτεσθαιὑποπέτομαιVERBV-PNM- -Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid8 φασὶνccomphigh
17καὶκαίCCONJC--------_18 ἀνέχεινcchigh
18ἀνέχεινἀνέχωVERBV-PNA- -Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act16 ὑποπέτεσθαιconjhighCoordinated infinitive; subject is ὄρνιθα/ἀετόν.
19ταῖςDETT----DF-PCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art20 πτέρυξινdethigh
20πτέρυξινπτέρυξNOUNN----DF-PCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur18 ἀνέχεινoblhighInstrumental dative.
21,,PUNCT__24 κατήνεγκενpuncthigh
22ἐςεἰςADPR--------_23 ὃcasehigh
23ὅςPRONP---AN-SCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel24 κατήνεγκενoblhighRelative object of κατήνεγκεν within ἐς ὅ, ‘until/whereunto’.
24κατήνεγκενκαταφέρωVERBV-AAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act18 ἀνέχεινadvclhighFinite verb in temporal/relative subordinate clause.
25αὐτὸναὐτόςPRONP--ASM-SCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs24 κατήνεγκενobjhigh
26ἐςεἰςADPR--------_28 πέραςcasehigh
27τὸDETT----AN-SCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art28 πέραςdethigh
28πέραςπέραςNOUNN----AN-SCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing24 κατήνεγκενoblhigh
29οὔτεοὔτεCCONJC--------_30 πηρωθένταcchigh
30πηρωθένταπηρόωVERBV-APP-AM-SCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass25 αὐτὸνconjhighPredicative circumstantial participle agreeing with αὐτόν.
31οὐδὲνοὐδείςPRONP---AN-SCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg30 πηρωθένταobjmediumAdverbial/neuter accusative, ‘in no respect’; exact attachment is uncertain.
32τοῦDETT----GN-SCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art33 σώματοςdethigh
33σώματοςσῶμαNOUNN----GN-SCase=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing30 πηρωθένταnmodhighPartitive/genitive with οὐδέν.
34οὔτεοὔτεCCONJC--------_37 λαβόνταcchigh
35τραῦμάτραῦμαNOUNN----AN-SCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing37 λαβόνταobjhigh
36τιτιςDETT---AN-SCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind35 τραῦμάdethigh
37λαβόνταλαμβάνωVERBV-AAP-AM-SCase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act25 αὐτὸνconjhighPredicative participle coordinated with πηρωθέντα.
38..PUNCT__8 φασὶνpuncthigh
← 4.18.44.18.6 →