Grammar parses for passage 4.19.1
Open translation for this passage
Λακεδαιμονίοις δὲ παραυτίκα μὲν ὑπὸ ἀνδρῶν ἀπηγγέλλετο αὐτομόλων, ὡς Ἀριστομένης ἐπανήκοι σῶς·
The passive reporting verb governs the dative recipient and genitive agent; ὡς introduces the reported content, with ἐπανήκοι as an oblique optative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀπηγγέλλετο | iobj | high | Dative of the Lacedaemonians, recipient/experiencer of the report. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἀπηγγέλλετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | παραυτίκα | παραυτίκα | ADV | ADV | _ | 7 ἀπηγγέλλετο | advmod | high | Adverb meaning immediately. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 7 ἀπηγγέλλετο | discourse | high | Correlative particle, anticipating δέ. |
| 5 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ἀνδρῶν | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive agent. |
| 6 | ἀνδρῶν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀπηγγέλλετο | obl:agent | high | Genitive agent with passive ἀπηγγέλλετο. |
| 7 | ἀπηγγέλλετο | ἀπαγγέλλω | VERB | V-IPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect passive: a report was being made. |
| 8 | αὐτομόλων | αὐτόμολος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀνδρῶν | nmod | medium | Genitive substantive, likely specifying the men as deserters/defectors; syntactic attachment is somewhat ambiguous. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀπηγγέλλετο | punct | high | |
| 10 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐπανήκοι | mark | high | Introduces the content clause. |
| 11 | Ἀριστομένης | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπανήκοι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπανήκοι. |
| 12 | ἐπανήκοι | ἐπανήκω | VERB | V-PAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ἀπηγγέλλετο | ccomp | high | Optative in reported content, reflecting indirect discourse. |
| 13 | σῶς | σῶς | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἐπανήκοι | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective, 'safe'; agrees with Ἀριστομένης. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀπηγγέλλετο | punct | high |
νομιζομένου δὲ ἀπίστου κατὰ ταὐτὰ ἢ εἴ τινα τεθνεῶτα ἐλέγετο ἀναβιῶναι, παρʼ αὐτοῦ τοιόνδε Ἀριστομένους ὑπῆρξεν ἐς πίστιν.
The opening is a genitive absolute; the εἴ-clause is embedded with λέγετο/ἀναβιῶναι, while the main predicate is ὑπῆρξεν with τοιόνδε ... ἐς πίστιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | νομιζομένου | νομίζω | VERB | Pres MP Part Gen Masc Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 3 ἀπίστου | acl | medium | Genitive absolute with δὲ; adjectival/passive sense ‘being considered’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ὑπῆρξεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἀπίστου | ἄπιστος | ADJ | Gen Masc Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐλέγετο | obl | medium | Predicate/complement within the genitive absolute; construed with νομιζομένου. |
| 4 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | Prep Acc | _ | 5 ταὐτὰ | case | high | |
| 5 | ταὐτὰ | ὁ αὐτός | PRON | Acc Neut Pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἐλέγετο | obl | medium | Substantivized neuter plural, ‘in the same way/things’; phrase κατὰ ταὐτά. |
| 6 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐλέγετο | cc | medium | Coordinates the alternative εἴ-clause with the preceding context. |
| 7 | εἴ | εἰ | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐλέγετο | mark | high | |
| 8 | τινα | τις | PRON | Acc Masc Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 11 ἀναβιῶναι | obj | high | |
| 9 | τεθνεῶτα | θνῄσκω | VERB | Perf Act Part Acc Masc Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 11 ἀναβιῶναι | xcomp | medium | Accusative participle in the reported-content construction. |
| 10 | ἐλέγετο | λέγω | VERB | Impf MP Ind 3 Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Pass | 17 ὑπῆρξεν | advcl | medium | Impersonal/passive ‘it was said’; governs the infinitive ἀναβιῶναι. |
| 11 | ἀναβιῶναι | ἀναβιόω | VERB | Aor Act Inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 ἐλέγετο | xcomp | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ὑπῆρξεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | Prep Gen | _ | 14 αὐτοῦ | case | high | Elided form of παρά before αὐτοῦ. |
| 14 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | Gen Masc Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 17 ὑπῆρξεν | obl | high | Possibly personal rather than possessive reflexive usage: ‘from him/it’. |
| 15 | τοιόνδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | Acc Neut Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 19 πίστιν | det | high | Demonstrative adjective agreeing with πίστιν only loosely in sense; likely ‘such [a proof]’. |
| 16 | Ἀριστομένους | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | Gen Masc Sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 πίστιν | nmod | high | |
| 17 | ὑπῆρξεν | ὑπάρχω | VERB | Aor Act Ind 3 Sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep Acc | _ | 19 πίστιν | case | high | |
| 19 | πίστιν | πίστις | NOUN | Acc Fem Sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ὑπῆρξεν | obl | high | Goal/purpose: ‘for establishing belief/credence concerning Aristomenes’. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ὑπῆρξεν | punct | high |
Κορίνθιοι Λακεδαιμονίοις δύναμιν ὡς συνεξαιρήσοντας τὴν Εἶραν ἀποστέλλουσι.
Accusative δύναμιν is the object of ἀποστέλλουσι; the ὡς + future participle expresses intended purpose, with συνεξαιρήσοντας agreeing with an implicit masculine plural subject (the Corinthians) and taking τὴν Εἶραν as its object. Λακεδαιμονίοις is the dative recipient/associate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κορίνθιοι | Κορίνθιος | PROPN | N---MPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἀποστέλλουσι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀποστέλλουσι. |
| 2 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N---MPD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἀποστέλλουσι | iobj | medium | Dative recipient or ally associated with the sending. |
| 3 | δύναμιν | δύναμις | NOUN | N---FSA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀποστέλλουσι | obj | high | Direct object: a force/army. |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 συνεξαιρήσοντας | mark | high | Purpose/intention marker introducing the future participle. |
| 5 | συνεξαιρήσοντας | συνεξαιρέω | VERB | V--FPA-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 ἀποστέλλουσι | advcl | medium | Future active participle with ὡς, expressing intended purpose; agreement is with the implicit male personnel of the dispatched force, or broadly the senders. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L----FSA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Εἶραν | det | high | Article modifying Εἶραν. |
| 7 | Εἶραν | Εἶρα | PROPN | N---FSA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 συνεξαιρήσοντας | obj | high | Object of συνεξαιρήσοντας; Ira fortress/place name. |
| 8 | ἀποστέλλουσι | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | V-PIA-3-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite root verb. |
| 9 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀποστέλλουσι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |