Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.19.4

← 4.19.3 4.19.5 →

Passage 4.19.4

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

79Greek tokens

2,471input tokens

5,666output tokens

Sentence 1

4.19.4 sentence 1

Tokens: 14
Input: 696
Output: 1,035
Total: 1,731

Ὑακίνθια---πρὸς τοὺς ἐν τῇ Εἴρᾳ τεσσαράκοντα ἐποιήσαντο ἡμερῶν σπονδάς·

Heading/topic Ὑακίνθια is construed with an elliptical verb; ἐποιήσαντο governs σπονδάς, with πρὸς + accusative marking the Spartans’ interlocutors and ἐν + dative locating them at Εἴρα. The three hyphens are retained as punctuation-like separators.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ὑακίνθια	Ὑακίνθια	PROPN	NeutNomPl	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	11 ἐποιήσαντο	nsubj	medium	Festival name; syntactically a topical/subject-like nominative with an elliptical contextual predicate.
2	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	1 Ὑακίνθια	punct	high
3	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	1 Ὑακίνθια	punct	high
4	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	1 Ὑακίνθια	punct	high
5	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	_	_	6 τοὺς	case	high
6	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	Art-AccMascPl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 ἐποιήσαντο	obl	high	Article substantivizes the understood masculine plural noun, likely Spartans.
7	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	_	_	9 Εἴρᾳ	case	high
8	τῇ	ὁ	DET	Art-DatFemSg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 Εἴρᾳ	det	high
9	Εἴρᾳ	Εἴρα	PROPN	FemDatSg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 τοὺς	nmod	high	Place name governed by ἐν; the phrase modifies the substantivized τοὺς.
10	τεσσαράκοντα	τεσσαράκοντα	NUM	Card-AccPl	Case=Acc\|Number=Plur	12 ἡμερῶν	nummod	high	Cardinal numeral agreeing with understood plural ἡμέρας.
11	ἐποιήσαντο	ποιέω	VERB	V-Aor-Med-Ind-3Pl	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Aorist middle, ‘made/concluded’.
12	ἡμερῶν	ἡμέρα	NOUN	N-GenFemPl	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	13 σπονδάς	nmod	high	Genitive of measure/specification with σπονδάς: a truce of forty days.
13	σπονδάς	σπονδή	NOUN	N-AccFemPl	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	11 ἐποιήσαντο	obj	high
14	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	11 ἐποιήσαντο	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.19.4 sentence 2

Tokens: 32
Input: 865
Output: 2,247
Total: 3,112

καὶ αὐτοὶ μὲν ἀναχωρήσαντες οἴκαδε ἑώρταζον, Κρῆτες δὲ τοξόται--- μετεπέμψαντο γὰρ ἔκ τε Λύκτου καὶ ἑτέρων πόλεων μισθωτούς---οὗτοί σφισιν ἀνὰ τὴν Μεσσηνίαν ἐπλανῶντο.

Two coordinated clauses: αὐτοὶ ... ἑώρταζον contrasts with Κρῆτες ... μετεπέμψαντο; οὗτοι refers to the Cretan archers and σφισιν is dative of reference/benefit with ἐπλανῶντο. The repeated hyphens are punctuation delimiters.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	6 ἑώρταζον	cc	high
2	αὐτοὶ	αὐτός	PRON	A-P---NM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	4 ἀναχωρήσαντες	nsubj	high	Emphatic pronoun, subject of both participle and finite verb.
3	μὲν	μέν	PART	_	_	6 ἑώρταζον	discourse	high
4	ἀναχωρήσαντες	ἀναχωρέω	VERB	V-PAP-NPM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	6 ἑώρταζον	advcl	medium	Aorist-looking form is morphologically ambiguous in transmitted orthography; interpreted as a circumstantial participle, conventionally analyzed here as aorist.
5	οἴκαδε	οἴκαδε	ADV	D--------	AdvType=Loc	4 ἀναχωρήσαντες	advmod	high	Directional adverb, ‘homeward/home’.
6	ἑώρταζον	ἑορτάζω	VERB	V-IAI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἑώρταζον	punct	high
8	Κρῆτες	Κρής	PROPN	N-NP---M-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 μετεπέμψαντο	nsubj	high	Ethnic substantive used as a proper-name-like plural.
9	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	_	_	14 μετεπέμψαντο	cc	high
10	τοξόται	τοξότης	NOUN	N-NP---M-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 Κρῆτες	appos	high	Apposition to Κρῆτες.
11	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	14 μετεπέμψαντο	punct	high	Dash delimiter.
12	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	14 μετεπέμψαντο	punct	high	Dash delimiter.
13	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	14 μετεπέμψαντο	punct	high	Dash delimiter.
14	μετεπέμψαντο	μεταπέμπω	VERB	V-AIM-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	6 ἑώρταζον	conj	high	Coordinated finite verb; subject Κρῆτες.
15	γὰρ	γάρ	SCONJ	_	_	14 μετεπέμψαντο	mark	high	Introduces explanatory clause.
16	ἔκ	ἐκ	ADP	_	Case=Gen	18 Λύκτου	case	high
17	τε	τε	CCONJ	_	_	16 ἔκ	cc	medium	Correlative τε; scope extends to καί at token 19.
18	Λύκτου	Λύκτος	PROPN	N-GP---F-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	22 μισθωτούς	nmod	high	Object of ἐκ.
19	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	20 ἑτέρων	cc	high
20	ἑτέρων	ἕτερος	ADJ	A-GPF---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	21 πόλεων	amod	high
21	πόλεων	πόλις	NOUN	N-GPF---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	22 μισθωτούς	nmod	high	Second source group coordinated with Λύκτου.
22	μισθωτούς	μισθωτός	NOUN	N-APM---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 μετεπέμψαντο	obj	high	Substantivized adjective, object of μετεπέμψαντο.
23	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	14 μετεπέμψαντο	punct	high	Dash delimiter.
24	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	14 μετεπέμψαντο	punct	high	Dash delimiter.
25	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	14 μετεπέμψαντο	punct	high	Dash delimiter.
26	οὗτοί	οὗτος	PRON	D-NPM---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	31 ἐπλανῶντο	nsubj	high	Anaphoric subject, referring to the Cretan archers.
27	σφισιν	σφεῖς	PRON	P---DP---	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|PronType=Prs	31 ἐπλανῶντο	iobj	medium	Third-person plural dative pronoun, likely dative of reference/benefit.
28	ἀνὰ	ἀνά	ADP	_	Case=Acc	30 Μεσσηνίαν	case	high
29	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	30 Μεσσηνίαν	det	high
30	Μεσσηνίαν	Μεσσηνία	PROPN	N-ASF---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	31 ἐπλανῶντο	obl	high	Place traversed/within which they wandered.
31	ἐπλανῶντο	πλανάω	VERB	V-IPI-3P-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Pass	14 μετεπέμψαντο	parataxis	medium	Imperfect passive/deponent-like form; independent follow-up clause after the parenthetical explanation.
32	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἑώρταζον	punct	high

Sentence 3

4.19.4 sentence 3

Tokens: 33
Input: 910
Output: 2,384
Total: 3,294

Ἀριστομένην οὖν, ἅτε ἐν σπονδαῖς ἀπωτέρω τῆς Εἴρας γενόμενον καὶ προϊόντα ἀδεέστερον, ἑπτὰ ἄνδρες ἀπὸ τῶν τοξοτῶν τούτων ἐλόχησαν, συλλαβόντες δὲ τοῖς ἱμᾶσιν οἷς εἶχον ἐπὶ ταῖς φαρέτραις δέουσιν·

The accusative Ἀριστομένην is the object of ἐλόχησαν and controls the coordinated circumstantial participles γενόμενον and προϊόντα; δέουσιν is read as a participle modifying the straps, with its exact lexical sense somewhat uncertain.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ἀριστομένην	Ἀριστομένης	PROPN	neut_acc_sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 ἐλόχησαν	obj	high
2	οὖν	οὖν	PART	part	_	21 ἐλόχησαν	discourse	high
3	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	21 ἐλόχησαν	punct	high
4	ἅτε	ἅτε	SCONJ	conj	_	10 γενόμενον	mark	medium	Introduces a causal/characterizing participial adjunct.
5	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	PREP	Case=Dat	6 σπονδαῖς	case	high
6	σπονδαῖς	σπονδή	NOUN	dat_pl_fem	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	10 γενόμενον	obl	high
7	ἀπωτέρω	ἀπωτέρω	ADV	adv_comp	Degree=Cmp	10 γενόμενον	advmod	high
8	τῆς	ὁ	DET	article_gen_sg_fem	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 Εἴρας	det	high
9	Εἴρας	Εἴρα	PROPN	gen_sg_fem	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	7 ἀπωτέρω	obl	high	Genitive of separation/comparison with ἀπωτέρω.
10	γενόμενον	γίγνομαι	VERB	part_aor_mid_acc_sg_masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	21 ἐλόχησαν	advcl	high	Participial adjunct agreeing with Ἀριστομένην.
11	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	conj	_	12 προϊόντα	cc	high
12	προϊόντα	πρόειμι	VERB	part_pres_act_acc_sg_masc	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	10 γενόμενον	conj	high	Coordinated participle.
13	ἀδεέστερον	ἀδεής	ADJ	comp_acc_sg_masc	Case=Acc\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 προϊόντα	advmod	medium	Accusative comparative adverbial/predicative use with προϊόντα.
14	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	21 ἐλόχησαν	punct	high
15	ἑπτὰ	ἑπτά	NUM	num_card	NumType=Card	16 ἄνδρες	nummod	high
16	ἄνδρες	ἀνήρ	NOUN	nom_pl_masc	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 ἐλόχησαν	nsubj	high
17	ἀπὸ	ἀπό	ADP	PREP	Case=Gen	19 τοξοτῶν	case	high
18	τῶν	ὁ	DET	article_gen_pl_masc	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 τοξοτῶν	det	high
19	τοξοτῶν	τοξότης	NOUN	gen_pl_masc	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 ἐλόχησαν	obl	high	Source/partitive phrase: seven men from the archers.
20	τούτων	οὗτος	PRON	dem_gen_pl_masc	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Dem	19 τοξοτῶν	det	high	Demonstrative modifying τοξοτῶν.
21	ἐλόχησαν	λοχάω	VERB	ind_aor_act_3pl	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
22	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	21 ἐλόχησαν	punct	high
23	συλλαβόντες	συλλαμβάνω	VERB	part_aor_act_nom_pl_masc	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	21 ἐλόχησαν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle with ἄνδρες as understood subject.
24	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	conj	_	23 συλλαβόντες	cc	high
25	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	article_dat_pl_masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	26 ἱμᾶσιν	det	high
26	ἱμᾶσιν	ἱμάς	NOUN	dat_pl_masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	23 συλλαβόντες	obl	high	Instrumental dative.
27	οἷς	ὅς	PRON	rel_dat_pl_masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rel	28 εἶχον	obj	high	Relative pronoun referring to ἱμᾶσιν.
28	εἶχον	ἔχω	VERB	ind_impf_act_3pl	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	26 ἱμᾶσιν	acl:relcl	high	Relative clause modifying ἱμᾶσιν.
29	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	PREP	Case=Dat	31 φαρέτραις	case	high
30	ταῖς	ὁ	DET	article_dat_pl_fem	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	31 φαρέτραις	det	high
31	φαρέτραις	φαρέτρα	NOUN	dat_pl_fem	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	28 εἶχον	obl	high	Locative phrase: straps attached/on the quivers.
32	δέουσιν	δέω	VERB	part_pres_act_dat_pl_masc	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	26 ἱμᾶσιν	acl	medium	Present participle agreeing with ἱμᾶσιν, ‘being attached’; lexical form and attachment are somewhat uncertain.
33	·	·	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	21 ἐλόχησαν	punct	high

← 4.19.3 4.19.5 →