Grammar parses for passage 4.2.2
Open translation for this passage
χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον, ὡς ἦν τῶν Πολυκάονος οὐδεὶς ἔτι ἀπογόνων, ἐς γενεὰς πέντε ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν προελθόντων καὶ οὐ πλέονας, Περιήρην τὸν Αἰόλου βασιλέα ἐπάγονται.
The sentence contains an explanatory ὡς-clause with an elliptical genitive construction and a parenthetical ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν; προελθόντων is treated as a genitive absolute.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χρόνῳ | χρόνος | NOUN | N-dat-sg-m | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὕστερον | obl | high | Temporal dative. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 ἐπάγονται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | _ | 27 ἐπάγονται | advmod | high | Adverbial temporal expression with χρόνῳ. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ὕστερον | punct | high | |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἦν | mark | high | Introduces the explanatory clause. |
| 6 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V3siia | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 27 ἐπάγονται | advcl | medium | Imperfect εἰμί with omitted/elliptical complement. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Art-gen-pl-m | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 Πολυκάονος | det | high | |
| 8 | Πολυκάονος | Πολυκάων | PROPN | N-gen-sg-m | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀπογόνων | nmod | high | Possessive/genitive relation. |
| 9 | οὐδεὶς | οὐδείς | PRON | P-nom-sg-m | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg | 6 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἀπογόνων | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N-gen-pl-m | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἦν | xcomp | medium | Genitive predicate/complement with εἰμί; construction is elliptical. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἀπογόνων | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 γενεὰς | case | high | |
| 14 | γενεὰς | γενεά | NOUN | N-acc-pl-f | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 προελθόντων | obl | high | Extent/distance expression. |
| 15 | πέντε | πέντε | NUM | M----A-- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur | 14 γενεὰς | nummod | high | |
| 16 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1s | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 17 δοκεῖν | iobj | medium | Dative of opinion with δοκεῖν. |
| 17 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V--pan | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 προελθόντων | advcl | medium | Parenthetical infinitive meaning ‘as it seems to me’. |
| 18 | προελθόντων | προέρχομαι | VERB | V-papgnp | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 27 ἐπάγονται | advcl | medium | Genitive absolute; understood subject is the descendants/generations. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 21 πλέονας | cc | high | |
| 20 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 21 πλέονας | advmod | high | |
| 21 | πλέονας | πολύς | ADJ | A-acc-pl-m | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 γενεὰς | conj | medium | Elliptical with γενεάς: ‘not more [generations]’. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 πλέονας | punct | high | |
| 23 | Περιήρην | Περιήρης | PROPN | N-acc-sg-m | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἐπάγονται | obj | high | |
| 24 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art-acc-sg-m | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 Αἰόλου | det | high | |
| 25 | Αἰόλου | Αἴολος | PROPN | N-gen-sg-m | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Περιήρην | nmod | high | Patronymic/descent genitive. |
| 26 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-acc-sg-m | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Περιήρην | appos | high | Apposition: Perieres, the king. |
| 27 | ἐπάγονται | ἐπάγω | VERB | V3ppie | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Present middle/passive form; active sense ‘they introduce/bring in’ is possible in context. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐπάγονται | punct | high |
παρὰ τοῦτον ἀφίκετο, ὡς οἱ Μεσσήνιοί φασι, Μελανεύς, τοξεύειν ἀνὴρ ἀγαθὸς καὶ διὰ τοῦτο Ἀπόλλωνος εἶναι νομιζόμενος·
The parenthetical ὡς οἱ Μεσσήνιοί φασι interrupts the main clause; Μελανεύς is subject of ἀφίκετο, followed by appositional characterization and a passive participle with complementary εἶναι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 3 ἀφίκετο | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative demonstrative. |
| 2 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | PD | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 παρὰ | obl | high | Accusative object of παρά. |
| 3 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3S-M | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 φασι | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical reporting clause introducer. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T---NM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Μεσσήνιοί | det | high | |
| 7 | Μεσσήνιοί | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 φασι | nsubj | high | Messenian subjects. |
| 8 | φασι | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἀφίκετο | parataxis | high | Parenthetical reporting verb. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φασι | punct | high | |
| 10 | Μελανεύς | Μελανεύς | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀφίκετο. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 Μελανεύς | punct | high | |
| 12 | τοξεύειν | τοξεύω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 13 ἀνὴρ | acl | medium | Infinitival characterization, ‘to be skilled at archery’; syntactically linked to ἀνήρ. |
| 13 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 Μελανεύς | appos | high | Apposition to Μελανεύς. |
| 14 | ἀγαθὸς | ἀγαθός | ADJ | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Agrees with ἀνήρ. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 νομιζόμενος | cc | high | Coordinates the participial characterization. |
| 16 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 17 τοῦτο | case | high | Preposition governing τοῦτο. |
| 17 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PD-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 νομιζόμενος | obl | high | Accusative of cause with διά. |
| 18 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | nmod | high | Genitive predicate complement with εἶναι. |
| 19 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 20 νομιζόμενος | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on νομιζόμενος. |
| 20 | νομιζόμενος | νομίζω | VERB | V-PPN-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 10 Μελανεύς | acl | high | Passive participle agreeing with Μελανεύς; governs εἶναι. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀφίκετο | punct | high |
καί οἱ τῆς χώρας τὸ Καρνάσιον, τότε δὲ Οἰχαλίαν κληθεῖσαν, ἀπένειμεν ὁ Περιήρης ἐνοικῆσαι·
The subject is ὁ Περιήρης with ἀπένειμεν; οἱ is the dative plural recipient, and ἐνοικῆσαι is a complementary infinitive. τὸ Καρνάσιον is appositional to τῆς χώρας (or a substantivized place-name), while Οἰχαλίαν κληθεῖσαν is an accusative absolute-like descriptive renaming within the object phrase; the precise attachment of τότε is mildly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 13 ἀπένειμεν | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | Pp3pm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 13 ἀπένειμεν | iobj | medium | Dative plural personal pronoun, recipient/beneficiary. |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Da-sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 χώρας | det | high | |
| 4 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-sf3g | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Καρνάσιον | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on the place-name phrase; exact semantic relation is elliptical. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Da-sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 Καρνάσιον | det | high | |
| 6 | Καρνάσιον | Καρνάσιον | PROPN | Nb-sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀπένειμεν | obj | medium | Place-name, functioning as the object of ἀπένειμεν. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 6 Καρνάσιον | punct | high | |
| 8 | τότε | τότε | ADV | Adverb | _ | 10 Οἰχαλίαν | advmod | medium | Temporal adverb; may scope over the renaming or the main predication. |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 13 ἀπένειμεν | cc | high | |
| 10 | Οἰχαλίαν | Οἰχαλία | PROPN | Nb-sf3g | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Καρνάσιον | appos | medium | Renaming place-name in the accusative object phrase. |
| 11 | κληθεῖσαν | καλέω | VERB | Vpapafsa | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 Οἰχαλίαν | acl | high | Aorist passive participle agreeing with Οἰχαλίαν. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 10 Οἰχαλίαν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀπένειμεν | ἀπονέμω | VERB | Vpaaia3s | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Da-snm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 Περιήρης | det | high | |
| 15 | Περιήρης | Περιήρης | PROPN | Nb-snm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀπένειμεν | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | ἐνοικῆσαι | ἐνοικέω | VERB | Vpaa--n | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 ἀπένειμεν | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive, expressing the purpose/assignment to inhabit. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 13 ἀπένειμεν | punct | high |
γενέσθαι δὲ ὄνομα Οἰχαλίαν τῇ πόλει φασὶν ἀπὸ τοῦ Μελανέως τῆς γυναικός.
φασίν governs an infinitival naming clause; ὄνομα is nominative predicative, Οἰχαλίαν is the name supplied in apposition, and τῆς γυναικός is an elliptical genitive associated with Μελανεύς.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V--ANM-- | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Middle | 7 φασὶν | csubj | high | Articular-less infinitival subject/content clause with φασίν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 φασὶν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-S---NA- | Case=Nominative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 1 γενέσθαι | xcomp | medium | Predicative nominative with γενέσθαι: ‘the name to have become/been’. |
| 4 | Οἰχαλίαν | Οἰχαλία | PROPN | N-S---AF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 3 ὄνομα | appos | high | Accusative predicative name agreeing semantically with ὄνομα. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | RA-S---DF- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 6 πόλει | det | high | |
| 6 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-S---DF- | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 γενέσθαι | iobj | high | Dative of the entity receiving/possessing the name. |
| 7 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-3PAI-P-- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=Third|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P-------- | _ | 10 Μελανέως | case | high | |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-S---MG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 10 Μελανέως | det | high | |
| 10 | Μελανέως | Μελανεύς | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 7 φασὶν | obl | high | Genitive object of ἀπό, indicating derivation/source. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-S---GF- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 12 γυναικός | det | high | |
| 12 | γυναικός | γυνή | NOUN | N-S---GF- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 10 Μελανέως | nmod | medium | Genitive apposition/association with Μελανεύς: ‘Melaneus’ wife’; exact attachment is syntactically elliptical. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 φασὶν | punct | high |