Grammar parses for passage 4.2.2
Open translation for this passage
χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον, ὡς ἦν τῶν Πολυκάονος οὐδεὶς ἔτι ἀπογόνων, ἐς γενεὰς πέντε ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν προελθόντων καὶ οὐ πλέονας, Περιήρην τὸν Αἰόλου βασιλέα ἐπάγονται.
The sentence is centered on the main verb ἐπάγονται, with a parenthetical explanatory clause introduced by ὡς and a parenthetical infinitival remark δοκεῖν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | χρόνῳ | χρόνος | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ὕστερον | advmod | high | Dative of time. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 27 ἐπάγονται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | _ | _ | 27 ἐπάγονται | advmod | high | Adverbial use, modifying the main clause verb. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐπάγονται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 27 ἐπάγονται | mark | medium | Introduces an explanatory/causal clause. |
| 6 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 27 ἐπάγονται | advcl | high | Finite verb of subordinate clause. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀπογόνων | det | high | Article with ἀπογόνων. |
| 8 | Πολυκάονος | Πολυκάων | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀπογόνων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἀπογόνων. |
| 9 | οὐδεὶς | οὐδείς | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἦν. |
| 10 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | _ | _ | 6 ἦν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἦν. |
| 11 | ἀπογόνων | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 οὐδεὶς | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with οὐδείς. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἦν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 14 γενεὰς | case | high | Preposition governing γενεὰς. |
| 14 | γενεὰς | γενεά | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 ἦν | obl | high | Prepositional phrase dependent on ἦν. |
| 15 | πέντε | πέντε | NUM | _ | NumType=Card | 14 γενεὰς | nummod | high | Numeral modifying γενεὰς. |
| 16 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 17 δοκεῖν | nsubj | medium | Dative with δοκεῖν; analyzed as experiencer/subject of the infinitive chain. |
| 17 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 6 ἦν | xcomp | high | Complement of ἦν in the parenthetical clause. |
| 18 | προελθόντων | προέρχομαι | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 11 ἀπογόνων | acl | medium | Participle agreeing with implied γενεῶν/ἀπογόνων; syntactic attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 19 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 21 πλέονας | cc | high | Connects modifiers of γενεὰς. |
| 20 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 21 πλέονας | advmod | high | Negation of πλέονας. |
| 21 | πλέονας | πλείων | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 γενεὰς | amod | high | Comparative adjective modifying γενεὰς. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐπάγονται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 23 | Περιήρην | Περιήρης | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἐπάγονται | obj | high | Direct object of ἐπάγονται. |
| 24 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 βασιλέα | det | high | Article with βασιλέα. |
| 25 | Αἰόλου | Αἰόλος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 βασιλέα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of βασιλέα. |
| 26 | βασιλέα | βασιλεύς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Περιήρην | appos | high | Apposition to Περιήρην. |
| 27 | ἐπάγονται | ἐπάγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐπάγονται | punct | high | Punctuation. |
παρὰ τοῦτον ἀφίκετο, ὡς οἱ Μεσσήνιοί φασι, Μελανεύς, τοξεύειν ἀνὴρ ἀγαθὸς καὶ διὰ τοῦτο Ἀπόλλωνος εἶναι νομιζόμενος·
The sentence has a parenthetical reported-speech clause (ὡς οἱ Μεσσήνιοι φασι) and a participial construction with infinitive (νομιζόμενος ... εἶναι), making attachment of τοξεύειν and the infinitival subject somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | _ | 3 ἀφίκετο | obl | high | Treated as preposition with accusative. |
| 2 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | Pd--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 1 παρὰ | case | high | Object of παρά. |
| 3 | ἀφίκετο | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-3AMI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 5 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 8 φασι | mark | high | Introduces reported speech. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | l-p---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Μεσσήνιοί | det | high | Article with ethnicon. |
| 7 | Μεσσήνιοί | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-NPM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 φασι | nsubj | high | Subject of φασι. |
| 8 | φασι | φημί | VERB | V-3PPA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 3 ἀφίκετο | parataxis | medium | Reported-speech parenthetical; spelling lacks accent. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 φασι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | Μελανεύς | Μελανεύς | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀφίκετο | nsubj | high | New subject after parenthetical. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 Μελανεύς | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | τοξεύειν | τοξεύω | VERB | V--PNA--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 ἀνὴρ | acl | medium | Infinitival modifier; syntactic attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 13 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἀφίκετο | appos | high | Apposition to Μελανεύς. |
| 14 | ἀγαθὸς | ἀγαθός | ADJ | a-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Predicate-like descriptive modifier within apposition. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 19 εἶναι | cc | high | Connects coordinated infinitival phrase. |
| 16 | διὰ | διά | ADP | _ | _ | 17 τοῦτο | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 17 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | Pd--ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 19 εἶναι | obl | high | With διά, expressing cause. |
| 18 | Ἀπόλλωνος | Ἀπόλλων | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 εἶναι | nsubj | medium | Subject of infinitive εἶναι in indirect statement. |
| 19 | εἶναι | εἰμί | VERB | V--PNA--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 20 νομιζόμενος | xcomp | high | Infinitive complement of νομιζόμενος. |
| 20 | νομιζόμενος | νομίζω | VERB | V-PPP--MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 3 ἀφίκετο | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying main verb. |
| 21 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἀφίκετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καί οἱ τῆς χώρας τὸ Καρνάσιον, τότε δὲ Οἰχαλίαν κληθεῖσαν, ἀπένειμεν ὁ Περιήρης ἐνοικῆσαι·
The syntax is somewhat compressed: οἱ appears to function as a substantive article referring to an implied group, with Καρνάσιον as the object of ἀπένειμεν and the participial clause κληθεῖσαν modifying it.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 13 ἀπένειμεν | cc | high | coordinating conjunction linking to prior context |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 13 ἀπένειμεν | nsubj | low | likely article used substantively or resumptive subject; syntax somewhat compressed |
| 3 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 4 χώρας | det | high | article modifying χώρας |
| 4 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 6 Καρνάσιον | nmod | high | genitive dependent of Καρνάσιον |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 6 Καρνάσιον | det | high | article modifying Καρνάσιον |
| 6 | Καρνάσιον | Καρνάσιον | PROPN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 13 ἀπένειμεν | obj | high | name of the place |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 Καρνάσιον | punct | high | comma |
| 8 | τότε | τότε | ADV | _ | _ | 13 ἀπένειμεν | advmod | high | temporal adverb |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 ἀπένειμεν | discourse | high | postpositive discourse particle |
| 10 | Οἰχαλίαν | Οἰχαλία | PROPN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 11 κληθεῖσαν | obj | high | object of κληθεῖσαν in participial phrase |
| 11 | κληθεῖσαν | καλέω | VERB | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Mood=Part|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Passive | 6 Καρνάσιον | acl | high | participial modifier of Καρνάσιον |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀπένειμεν | punct | high | comma |
| 13 | ἀπένειμεν | ἀπονέμω | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | main verb |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular|PronType=Art | 15 Περιήρης | det | high | article modifying Περιήρης |
| 15 | Περιήρης | Περιήρης | PROPN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 13 ἀπένειμεν | nsubj | high | subject of ἀπένειμεν |
| 16 | ἐνοικῆσαι | ἐνοικέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Active | 13 ἀπένειμεν | xcomp | high | complementary infinitive |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀπένειμεν | punct | high | sentence-ending punctuation |
γενέσθαι δὲ ὄνομα Οἰχαλίαν τῇ πόλει φασὶν ἀπὸ τοῦ Μελανέως τῆς γυναικός.
Infinitival clause with ὄνομα as object/predicate-like accusative and φασίν governing an infinitive; genitive phrase after ἀπό is syntactically somewhat uncertain, with τοῦ Μελανέως τῆς γυναικός likely a possessive/appositional designation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 7 φασὶν | xcomp | high | Aorist middle infinitive depending on φασίν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PTCL | _ | 7 φασὶν | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-SN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 γενέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of γενέσθαι, though the construction is somewhat idiomatic. |
| 4 | Οἰχαλίαν | Οἰχαλία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative name in apposition with ὄνομα / naming predicate. |
| 5 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-AF3S | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 πόλει | det | high | Article modifying πόλει. |
| 6 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-DFS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 γενέσθαι | obl | high | Dative with γενέσθαι, 'for the city'. |
| 7 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 8 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R | _ | 10 Μελανέως | case | high | Introduces genitive complement. |
| 9 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | l-GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Μελανέως | det | high | Article modifying Μελανέως. |
| 10 | Μελανέως | Μελανεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 φασὶν | obl | medium | Genitive complement of ἀπό; relation to γυναικός is uncertain. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-GF3S | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 γυναικός | det | high | Article modifying γυναικός. |
| 12 | γυναικός | γυνή | NOUN | N-GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Μελανέως | nmod | low | Likely genitive dependent/apposition with Μελανέως. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 φασὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |