Grammar parses for passage 4.2.4
Open translation for this passage
Περιήρει δὲ ἐγεγόνεσαν ἐκ Γοργοφόνης τῆς Περσέως Ἀφαρεὺς καὶ Λεύκιππος, καὶ ὡς ἀπέθανε Περιήρης, ἔσχον οὗτοι τὴν Μεσσηνίων ἀρχήν·
The first clause uses ἐκ with a genitive of descent/origin; ὡς ἀπέθανε is a temporal subordinate clause, and ἔσχον is coordinated with the preceding finite verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Περιήρει | Περιήρης | PROPN | Ne-Sn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐγεγόνεσαν | nsubj | medium | Proper-name subject; form is nominative singular. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | 基本 | _ | 3 ἐγεγόνεσαν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐγεγόνεσαν | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3plIAPl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pluperf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Pluperfect form, conventionally translated ‘had been born’; spelling/form may reflect textual or orthographic variation. |
| 4 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P | _ | 5 Γοργοφόνης | case | high | |
| 5 | Γοργοφόνης | Γοργοφόνη | PROPN | N-Gsf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐγεγόνεσαν | obl | high | Genitive of origin with ἐκ. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | D-Gsf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Περσέως | det | high | |
| 7 | Περσέως | Περσεύς | PROPN | N-Gsm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Γοργοφόνης | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive modifier: ‘of Perseus’. |
| 8 | Ἀφαρεὺς | Ἀφαρεύς | PROPN | N-Nsm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐγεγόνεσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 10 Λεύκιππος | cc | high | |
| 10 | Λεύκιππος | Λεύκιππος | PROPN | N-Nsm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀφαρεὺς | conj | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐγεγόνεσαν | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 17 ἔσχον | cc | high | Coordinates the following temporal clause with the preceding narrative. |
| 13 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 14 ἀπέθανε | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 14 | ἀπέθανε | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V3sgIAor | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 ἔσχον | advcl | high | |
| 15 | Περιήρης | Περιήρης | PROPN | N-Nsm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀπέθανε | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἔσχον | punct | high | |
| 17 | ἔσχον | ἔχω | VERB | V3plIAor | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 3 ἐγεγόνεσαν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb in the continuation after καί. |
| 18 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | D-Npm | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 17 ἔσχον | nsubj | high | |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | D-Asm | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ἀρχήν | det | high | |
| 20 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N-Gpm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἀρχήν | nmod | high | Dependent genitive: ‘of the Messenians’. |
| 21 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-Asm | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἔσχον | obj | high | |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἔσχον | punct | high |
κυριώτερος δὲ ἔτι Ἀφαρεὺς ἦν.
Ἀφαρεύς is the subject; ἦν is a copular verb with κυριώτερος as its predicate nominative. ἔτι modifies the predication, and δέ is a coordinating discourse connective.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κυριώτερος | κύριος | ADJ | A-S---NC---- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἦν | xcomp | high | Predicate adjective with the copular verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἦν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating connective. |
| 3 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἦν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the predication. |
| 4 | Ἀφαρεὺς | Ἀφαρεύς | PROPN | N-NSM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἦν | nsubj | high | Proper-name subject. |
| 5 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect copular verb. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high |
οὗτος βασιλεύσας πόλιν ᾤκισεν Ἀρήνην ἀπὸ τῆς Οἰβάλου θυγατρός, αὑτοῦ δὲ γυναικὸς τῆς αὐτῆς καὶ ἀδελφῆς ὁμομητρίας·
The participle βασιλεύσας is a circumstantial anterior participle with οὗτος as subject; πόλιν is the object of ᾤκισεν, while Ἀρήνην is a predicative/object-complement name. The final genitive phrase appositively identifies the wife as the daughter and uterine sister of Oibalus; αὑτοῦ is a possessive genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ᾤκισεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | βασιλεύσας | βασιλεύω | VERB | VAAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ᾤκισεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial anterior participle. |
| 3 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ᾤκισεν | obj | high | |
| 4 | ᾤκισεν | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | Ἀρήνην | Ἀρήνη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ᾤκισεν | xcomp | high | Predicative object complement/name of the founded city. |
| 6 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | P | _ | 9 θυγατρός | case | high | |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 θυγατρός | det | high | |
| 8 | Οἰβάλου | Οἴβαλος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 θυγατρός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on θυγατρός. |
| 9 | θυγατρός | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Ἀρήνην | obl | high | Genitive of parentage/source in the appositional phrase. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 θυγατρός | punct | high | |
| 11 | αὑτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Reflex=Yes | 13 γυναικὸς | nmod:poss | high | Reflexive possessive genitive, referring to οὗτος. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 13 γυναικὸς | cc | high | |
| 13 | γυναικὸς | γυνή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 θυγατρός | appos | high | Apposition to the implied female referent of θυγατρός. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 αὐτῆς | det | high | |
| 15 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 γυναικὸς | amod | high | Emphatic adjective/pronoun modifying γυναικός. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 17 ἀδελφῆς | cc | high | |
| 17 | ἀδελφῆς | ἀδελφή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 γυναικὸς | conj | high | Coordinated with γυναικός; parallel genitive apposition. |
| 18 | ὁμομητρίας | ὁμομήτριος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀδελφῆς | amod | high | Modifies ἀδελφῆς: uterine/maternal half-sister. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ᾤκισεν | punct | high |
καὶ γὰρ Οἰβάλῳ συνῴκησε Γοργοφόνη, καί μοι δὶς ἤδη τὰ ἐς αὐτὴν ὁ λόγος ἔν τε τῇ Ἀργολίδι ἐδήλωσε καὶ ἐν τῇ Λακωνικῇ συγγραφῇ.
The sentence contains two coordinated finite clauses: συνῴκησε with Γοργοφόνη as subject, followed by ὁ λόγος ἐδήλωσε; the paired ἐν phrases modify ἐδήλωσε, while τὰ ἐς αὐτήν is a substantivized object-like expression.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 συνῴκησε | cc | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | PART | _ | 4 συνῴκησε | discourse | high | |
| 3 | Οἰβάλῳ | Οἴβαλος | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 συνῴκησε | obl | high | Dative with συνοικέω. |
| 4 | συνῴκησε | συνοικέω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | Γοργοφόνη | Γοργοφόνη | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 συνῴκησε | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 συνῴκησε | punct | high | |
| 7 | καί | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἐδήλωσε | cc | high | |
| 8 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 20 ἐδήλωσε | iobj | medium | Dative of reference/authorial perspective. |
| 9 | δὶς | δίς | ADV | ADV | _ | 20 ἐδήλωσε | advmod | high | |
| 10 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 20 ἐδήλωσε | advmod | high | |
| 11 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 12 ἐς | det | high | Substantivized article: the matters. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 αὐτὴν | case | high | |
| 13 | αὐτὴν | αὐτός | PRON | P-3ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 20 ἐδήλωσε | obl | high | Prepositional phrase headed by ἐς. |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 λόγος | det | high | |
| 15 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἐδήλωσε | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | ἔν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 Ἀργολίδι | case | high | |
| 17 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἐδήλωσε | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 18 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 19 Ἀργολίδι | det | high | |
| 19 | Ἀργολίδι | Ἀργολίς | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐδήλωσε | obl | high | Locative domain: in the Argolid. |
| 20 | ἐδήλωσε | δηλόω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated clause; subject is ὁ λόγος. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἐδήλωσε | cc | high | Coordinates the second ἐν phrase. |
| 22 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 25 συγγραφῇ | case | high | |
| 23 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 Λακωνικῇ | det | high | |
| 24 | Λακωνικῇ | Λακωνικός | ADJ | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 συγγραφῇ | amod | high | Adjectival modifier in the phrase Λακωνικῇ συγγραφῇ. |
| 25 | συγγραφῇ | συγγραφή | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἐδήλωσε | obl | high | |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐδήλωσε | punct | high |