Grammar parses for passage 4.2.4
Open translation for this passage
Περιήρει δὲ ἐγεγόνεσαν ἐκ Γοργοφόνης τῆς Περσέως Ἀφαρεὺς καὶ Λεύκιππος, καὶ ὡς ἀπέθανε Περιήρης, ἔσχον οὗτοι τὴν Μεσσηνίων ἀρχήν·
The opening words are syntactically difficult; I treat Περιήρει as a vocative/topical address and ἐγεγόνεσαν as the first main predication, with the second clause beginning at ἔσχον as the clear root.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Περιήρει | Περιήρης | PROPN | _ | Case=Voc|Number=Sing | 17 ἔσχον | vocative | medium | Likely vocative/direct address or topical invocation, though the syntax is somewhat irregular. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 17 ἔσχον | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἐγεγόνεσαν | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 17 ἔσχον | parataxis | medium | Perfect form with plural subject; likely the main predication before the causal/temporal clause. |
| 4 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 5 Γοργοφόνης | case | high | Preposition governing the following genitive. |
| 5 | Γοργοφόνης | Γοργοφόνη | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἐγεγόνεσαν | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐκ. |
| 6 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Περσέως | det | high | Article with Περσέως. |
| 7 | Περσέως | Περσεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Γοργοφόνης | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of Γοργοφόνης. |
| 8 | Ἀφαρεὺς | Ἀφαρεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐγεγόνεσαν | nsubj | high | First named subject of ἐγεγόνεσαν. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 10 Λεύκιππος | cc | high | Conjoins the two subjects. |
| 10 | Λεύκιππος | Λεύκιππος | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Ἀφαρεὺς | conj | high | Second conjunct of the subject phrase. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 ἐγεγόνεσαν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 17 ἔσχον | cc | high | Coordinates the next clause. |
| 13 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 14 ἀπέθανε | mark | high | Marks the temporal clause. |
| 14 | ἀπέθανε | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 ἔσχον | advcl | high | Temporal adverbial clause introduced by ὡς. |
| 15 | Περιήρης | Περιήρης | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἀπέθανε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπέθανε. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἀπέθανε | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 17 | ἔσχον | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the second clause. |
| 18 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 17 ἔσχον | nsubj | high | Demonstrative subject of ἔσχον. |
| 19 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 ἀρχήν | det | high | Article with ἀρχήν. |
| 20 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἀρχήν | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἀρχήν. |
| 21 | ἀρχήν | ἀρχή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἔσχον | obj | high | Direct object of ἔσχον. |
| 22 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἔσχον | punct | high | Sentence-ending punctuation. |
κυριώτερος δὲ ἔτι Ἀφαρεὺς ἦν.
Simple copular clause with predicative comparative adjective; ἔτι modifies the predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κυριώτερος | κύριος | ADJ | A-S---NCM- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἦν | xcomp | high | Comparative adjective, predicative with ἦν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 5 ἦν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 1 κυριώτερος | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the comparative. |
| 4 | Ἀφαρεὺς | Ἀφαρεύς | PROPN | N-S---NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of the copular imperfect. |
| 5 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-3SIIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb as sentence root. |
| 6 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
οὗτος βασιλεύσας πόλιν ᾤκισεν Ἀρήνην ἀπὸ τῆς Οἰβάλου θυγατρός, αὑτοῦ δὲ γυναικὸς τῆς αὐτῆς καὶ ἀδελφῆς ὁμομητρίας·
The genitive phrase after ἀπὸ and the following genitive coordination with γυναικός/ἀδελφῆς are syntactically compressed; Ἀρήνην is treated as appositive/second object of ᾤκισεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | PD-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 4 ᾤκισεν | nsubj | high | Demonstrative pronoun used as subject. |
| 2 | βασιλεύσας | βασιλεύω | VERB | AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ᾤκισεν | advcl | high | Aorist participle, circumstantial clause. |
| 3 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ᾤκισεν | obj | high | Direct object of ᾤκισεν. |
| 4 | ᾤκισεν | οἰκίζω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 5 | Ἀρήνην | Ἀρήνη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ᾤκισεν | obj | medium | Appositional or second object; likely the city name 'Arene'. |
| 6 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R | _ | 9 θυγατρός | case | high | Introduces genitive complement. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GenSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 θυγατρός | det | high | Article modifying θυγατρός. |
| 8 | Οἰβάλου | Οἴβαλος | PROPN | N-GenM-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 θυγατρός | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of θυγατρός. |
| 9 | θυγατρός | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N-GenF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 Ἀρήνην | nmod | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό; dependent on Ἀρήνην by context. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ᾤκισεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | αὑτοῦ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | PX-GenMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 13 γυναικὸς | det | medium | Reflexive/possessive genitive with γυναικός. |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G | _ | 13 γυναικὸς | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 13 | γυναικὸς | γυνή | NOUN | N-GenF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ᾤκισεν | obl | medium | Genitive phrase in apposition/association with previous genitive phrase; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 14 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GenSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 ἀδελφῆς | det | high | Article modifying ἀδελφῆς. |
| 15 | αὐτῆς | αὐτός | ADJ | A-GenSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀδελφῆς | amod | high | Attributive adjective/pronoun modifying ἀδελφῆς. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 17 ἀδελφῆς | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 17 | ἀδελφῆς | ἀδελφή | NOUN | N-GenF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 γυναικὸς | conj | medium | Conjoined with γυναικός in genitive phrase. |
| 18 | ὁμομητρίας | ὁμομητρία | NOUN | N-GenF-S | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀδελφῆς | amod | medium | Likely adjectival/genitive modifier of ἀδελφῆς. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ᾤκισεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |