Grammar parses for passage 4.2.7
Open translation for this passage
ὁ δὲ τὰ ἔπη ποιήσας τὰ Κύπρια Πρωτεσιλάου φησίν, ὃς ὅτε κατὰ τὴν Τρῳάδα ἔσχον Ἕλληνες ἀποβῆναι πρῶτος ἐτόλμησε, Πρωτεσιλάου τούτου τὴν γυναῖκα Πολυδώραν μὲν τὸ ὄνομα, θυγατέρα δὲ Μελεάγρου φησὶν εἶναι τοῦ Οἰνέως.
The syntax is highly paratactic with two φημί verbs: the first introduces the relative clause, and the second introduces indirect statement with predicate accusative θυγατέρα and genitive lineage modifiers.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 ποιήσας | nsubj | high | Articular subject of ποιήσας. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 ποιήσας | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 ἔπη | det | high | Article modifying ἔπη. |
| 4 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ποιήσας | obj | high | Object of ποιήσας. |
| 5 | ποιήσας | ποιέω | VERB | PAP-A-NMS | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 φησίν | nsubj | high | Participial subject of φησίν. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Κύπρια | det | high | Article with Κύπρια. |
| 7 | Κύπρια | Κύπρια | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 8 Πρωτεσιλάου | amod | medium | Probably substantive/title 'Cypria' modifying ἔπη. |
| 8 | Πρωτεσιλάου | Πρωτεσίλαος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔπη | nmod | medium | Genitive with ἔπη; probably 'the poems of Protesilaus'. |
| 9 | φησίν | φημί | VERB | PRES-ACT-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φησίν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ὃς | ὅς | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 20 ἐτόλμησε | nsubj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Protesilaus. |
| 12 | ὅτε | ὅτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ἐτόλμησε | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 13 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | _ | _ | 15 Τρῳάδα | case | high | Preposition. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Τρῳάδα | det | high | Article with Τρῳάδα. |
| 15 | Τρῳάδα | Τρῳάς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἔσχον | obl | high | Object of κατὰ. |
| 16 | ἔσχον | ἔχω | VERB | AOR-ACT-IND-3PL | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 20 ἐτόλμησε | advcl | high | Adverbial clause verb. |
| 17 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἔσχον | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔσχον. |
| 18 | ἀποβῆναι | ἀποβαίνω | VERB | AOR-ACT-INF | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 20 ἐτόλμησε | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive with ἐτόλμησε. |
| 19 | πρῶτος | πρῶτος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἐτόλμησε | advmod | high | Predicative adverbial to ἐτόλμησε. |
| 20 | ἐτόλμησε | τολμάω | VERB | AOR-ACT-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 ὃς | acl:relcl | high | Verb of the relative clause. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἐτόλμησε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | Πρωτεσιλάου | Πρωτεσίλαος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 θυγατέρα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of γυναῖκα/associated with the woman's identity. |
| 23 | τούτου | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 22 Πρωτεσιλάου | det | high | Demonstrative with Πρωτεσιλάου. |
| 24 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 γυναῖκα | det | high | Article with γυναῖκα. |
| 25 | γυναῖκα | γυνή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 θυγατέρα | obj | high | Object/topic of the clause. |
| 26 | Πολυδώραν | Πολυδώρα | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 γυναῖκα | appos | high | Appositive naming the wife. |
| 27 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 29 ὄνομα | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 28 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 29 ὄνομα | det | high | Article with ὄνομα. |
| 29 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 θυγατέρα | obl | medium | Accusative of respect/apposition: 'by name'. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 θυγατέρα | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 31 | θυγατέρα | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 34 φησὶν | xcomp | medium | Predicate accusative with εἶναι. |
| 32 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 34 φησὶν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 33 | Μελεάγρου | Μελέαγρος | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 θυγατέρα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of θυγατέρα. |
| 34 | φησὶν | φημί | VERB | PRES-ACT-IND-3SG | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 9 φησίν | ccomp | high | Reported speech verb dependent on initial φησίν. |
| 35 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | PRES-ACT-INF | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 34 φησὶν | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement. |
| 36 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 37 Οἰνέως | det | high | Article with Οἰνέως. |
| 37 | Οἰνέως | Οἰνεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 Μελεάγρου | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of Μελεάγρου. |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 φησίν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
εἰ τοίνυν ἐστὶν ἀληθές, αἱ γυναῖκες αὗται τρεῖς οὖσαι τὸν ἀριθμὸν ἀπὸ Μαρπήσσης ἀρξάμεναι προαποθανοῦσι πᾶσαι τοῖς ἀνδράσιν ἑαυτὰς ἐπικατέσφαξαν.
The sentence has a conditional protasis introduced by εἰ and a main statement with a participial subject description; the final finite verb ἐπικατέσφαξαν is treated as a complement clause of the preceding predicative/reporting verb προαποθανοῦσι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 3 ἐστὶν | mark | high | Conditional subordinating conjunction. |
| 2 | τοίνυν | τοίνυν | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἐστὶν | discourse | high | Inferential/discourse particle. |
| 3 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 16 προαποθανοῦσι | advcl | medium | Copular verb in conditional protasis; takes ἀληθές as predicative complement. |
| 4 | ἀληθές | ἀληθής | ADJ | A--NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with ἐστίν. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 προαποθανοῦσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | L-AP-NF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 γυναῖκες | det | high | Article. |
| 7 | γυναῖκες | γυνή | NOUN | N-P-NF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 16 προαποθανοῦσι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπικατέσφαξαν. |
| 8 | αὗται | οὗτος | PRON | P-AP-NF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 7 γυναῖκες | det | high | Demonstrative modifying γυναῖκες. |
| 9 | τρεῖς | τρεῖς | NUM | N-AP-NF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 γυναῖκες | amod | medium | Numeral agreeing with γυναῖκες; form can be ambiguous in isolation. |
| 10 | οὖσαι | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-APF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 γυναῖκες | acl | high | Participial modifier of γυναῖκες. |
| 11 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-SA-M | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἀριθμὸν | det | high | Article. |
| 12 | ἀριθμὸν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N-SA-M | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἀρξάμεναι | obj | medium | Accusative of respect with the participle/number expression. |
| 13 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R | _ | 14 Μαρπήσσης | case | high | Preposition. |
| 14 | Μαρπήσσης | Μαρπήσσα | PROPN | N-SG-F | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 ἀρξάμεναι | obl | medium | Proper name in genitive after ἀπό; exact case marking is somewhat uncertain from form. |
| 15 | ἀρξάμεναι | ἄρχομαι | VERB | V-AMP-APF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 16 προαποθανοῦσι | advcl | high | Aorist participial clause modifying the main predicate. |
| 16 | προαποθανοῦσι | προαποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 17 | πᾶσαι | πᾶς | ADJ | A-P-NF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 7 γυναῖκες | amod | high | Quantifying adjective modifying γυναῖκες. |
| 18 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-DP-M | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 ἀνδράσιν | det | high | Article. |
| 19 | ἀνδράσιν | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-DP-M | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἐπικατέσφαξαν | obl | high | Dative complement of ἐπικατέσφαξαν. |
| 20 | ἑαυτὰς | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-AP-F | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 21 ἐπικατέσφαξαν | obj | high | Reflexive object. |
| 21 | ἐπικατέσφαξαν | ἐπικατασφάζω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 16 προαποθανοῦσι | ccomp | high | Content clause complementing the reporting/predicative frame. |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 προαποθανοῦσι | punct | high | Punctuation. |