Grammar parses for passage 4.3.1
Open translation for this passage
ἐπεὶ δὲ τοῖς Ἀφαρέως παισὶ πρὸς τοὺς Διοσκούρους ἐγένετο ἀνεψιοὺς ὄντας μάχη περὶ τῶν βοῶν καὶ τὸν μὲν Πολυδεύκης ἀπέκτεινεν, Ἴδαν δὲ ἐπέλαβε τὸ χρεὼν κεραυνωθέντα.
Subordinate ἐπεί-clause: μάχη is the subject of ἐγένετο, with a dative participant phrase and πρὸς + accusative; ἀνεψιοὺς ὄντας is a predicative accusative participial phrase referring to the Dioscuri and Aphareus’ sons. In the coordinated result, Πολυδεύκης is the agent of ἀπέκτεινεν with Ἴδαν as object; τὸ χρεών is the subject of ἐπέλαβε, with κεραυνωθέντα agreeing with Ἴδαν. Some case/attachment details are interpretively uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπεὶ | ἐπεί | SCONJ | CONJ | PronType=Rel | 9 ἐγένετο | mark | high | Temporal/subordinating conjunction. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἐγένετο | cc | high | Postpositive coordinator. |
| 3 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-----MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 παισὶ | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἀφαρέως | Ἀφαρεύς | PROPN | NE--SM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παισὶ | nmod | high | Genitive patronymic/possessive modifier. |
| 5 | παισὶ | παῖς | NOUN | N-----MD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐγένετο | obl | high | Dative participant with γίγνομαι. |
| 6 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R--------- | _ | 8 Διοσκούρους | case | high | |
| 7 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-----MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Διοσκούρους | det | high | |
| 8 | Διοσκούρους | Διόσκουρος | PROPN | N----MA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἐγένετο | obl | high | Object of πρὸς. |
| 9 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V3SAMI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Med | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite predicate of the ἐπεί-clause; μάχη is its subject. |
| 10 | ἀνεψιοὺς | ἀνεψιός | NOUN | N---MA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ὄντας | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative with ὄντας, referring to the combatants; exact attachment is interpretive. |
| 11 | ὄντας | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAPA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 ἐγένετο | advcl | high | Accusative circumstantial participle. |
| 12 | μάχη | μάχη | NOUN | N-----FN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐγένετο. |
| 13 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R--------- | _ | 15 βοῶν | case | high | |
| 14 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-----MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 βοῶν | det | high | |
| 15 | βοῶν | βοῦς | NOUN | N-----FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 μάχη | nmod | high | Genitive complement of περί. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 ἀπέκτεινεν | cc | high | Coordinates the two narrative predicates. |
| 17 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-----MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 Ἴδαν | det | high | |
| 18 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 20 ἀπέκτεινεν | discourse | high | Correlative particle paired with δέ. |
| 19 | Πολυδεύκης | Πολυδεύκης | PROPN | N------N- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀπέκτεινεν | nsubj | high | Agent/subject of ἀπέκτεινεν. |
| 20 | ἀπέκτεινεν | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ἐγένετο | conj | high | Coordinated finite predicate. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 ἀπέκτεινεν | punct | high | |
| 22 | Ἴδαν | Ἴδας | PROPN | N----MA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἀπέκτεινεν | obj | high | Object of ἀπέκτεινεν. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 ἐπέλαβε | cc | high | Coordinates the second outcome. |
| 24 | ἐπέλαβε | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V3SAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 ἐγένετο | conj | high | Predicate of the second coordinated clause. |
| 25 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-----NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 χρεὼν | det | high | |
| 26 | χρεὼν | χρεών | NOUN | N-----NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἐπέλαβε | nsubj | medium | Substantivized necessity/fate expression, subject of ἐπέλαβε. |
| 27 | κεραυνωθέντα | κεραυνόω | VERB | V--APPMA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 22 Ἴδαν | acl | high | Aorist passive participle agreeing with Ἴδαν. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐπέλαβε | punct | high |
ὁ μὲν Ἀφαρέως οἶκος γένους παντὸς ἠρήμωτο τοῦ ἄρρενος, ἐς δὲ Νέστορα τὸν τοῦ Νηλέως περιῆλθε Μεσσηνίων ἡ ἀρχὴ τῶν τε ἄλλων καὶ ὅσων πρότερον ἐβασίλευεν Ἴδας, πλὴν ὅσοι τοῖς Ἀσκληπιοῦ παισὶν αὐτῶν ὑπήκουον.
The first clause states that Aphareus' house was bereft of the entire male line; the second says rule of the Messenians passed to Nestor, including the territories formerly ruled by Idas, except those obeying the sons of Asclepius. The relative ὅσων is a genitive partitive/possessive dependent on ἀρχή; ὅσοι introduces the exception and is the subject of ὑπήκουον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | δα-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 οἶκος | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G- | _ | 7 ἠρήμωτο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with δέ. |
| 3 | Ἀφαρέως | Ἀφαρεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 οἶκος | nmod | high | |
| 4 | οἶκος | οἶκος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἠρήμωτο | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 παντὸς | nmod | medium | Genitive of whole/partitive with παντός. |
| 6 | παντὸς | πᾶς | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἄρρενος | amod | high | |
| 7 | ἠρήμωτο | ἐρημόω | VERB | V-PII3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pluperf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | δα-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἄρρενος | det | high | |
| 9 | ἄρρενος | ἄρρην | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἠρήμωτο | obl | medium | Substantivized adjective, ‘male [line/element]’; genitive of respect/content. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἠρήμωτο | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 13 Νέστορα | case | high | |
| 12 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 17 περιῆλθε | cc | high | Correlative with μέν. |
| 13 | Νέστορα | Νέστωρ | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 περιῆλθε | obl | high | Goal complement of ἐς. |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | δα-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Νέστορα | det | high | |
| 15 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | δα-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Νηλέως | det | high | |
| 16 | Νηλέως | Νηλεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Νέστορα | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive. |
| 17 | περιῆλθε | περιέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated main predicate. |
| 18 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἀρχὴ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀρχή. |
| 19 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | δα-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἀρχὴ | det | high | |
| 20 | ἀρχὴ | ἀρχή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 περιῆλθε | nsubj | high | Subject of περιῆλθε. |
| 21 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | δα-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 ἄλλων | det | high | |
| 22 | τε | τε | CCONJ | G- | _ | 23 ἄλλων | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί. |
| 23 | ἄλλων | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἀρχὴ | nmod | high | Substantivized: ‘the other [things/territories]’. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 27 ἐβασίλευεν | cc | high | Coordinates the relative clause with the preceding phrase. |
| 25 | ὅσων | ὅσος | PRON | P-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 ἐβασίλευεν | obl | medium | Genitive relative pronoun, referring to possessions/territories; governed semantically by ἐβασίλευεν. |
| 26 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D- | _ | 27 ἐβασίλευεν | advmod | high | |
| 27 | ἐβασίλευεν | βασιλεύω | VERB | V-IAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 23 ἄλλων | acl:relcl | high | Relative predicate with Ἴδας as subject. |
| 28 | Ἴδας | Ἴδας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἐβασίλευεν | nsubj | high | |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 περιῆλθε | punct | high | |
| 30 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADP | R- | _ | 31 ὅσοι | case | high | Exceptive preposition. |
| 31 | ὅσοι | ὅσος | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 ὑπήκουον | nsubj | high | Subject of ὑπήκουον. |
| 32 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | δα-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 παισὶν | det | high | |
| 33 | Ἀσκληπιοῦ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 παισὶν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on παίς. |
| 34 | παισὶν | παῖς | NOUN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 36 ὑπήκουον | obl | high | Dative complement of ὑπακούω. |
| 35 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 παισὶν | nmod:poss | medium | Possessive genitive; antecedent likely ὅσοι. |
| 36 | ὑπήκουον | ὑπακούω | VERB | V-IAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 17 περιῆλθε | advcl | high | Exception clause under πλήν. |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 περιῆλθε | punct | high |