Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.3.2

← 4.3.1 4.3.3 →

Passage 4.3.2

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3sentences parsed

77Greek tokens

2,487input tokens

5,537output tokens

Sentence 1

4.3.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 23
Input: 813
Output: 1,540
Total: 2,353

καὶ γὰρ τοὺς Ἀσκληπιοῦ παῖδας στρατεῦσαί φασιν ἐπʼ Ἴλιον Μεσσηνίους ὄντας, Ἀρσινόης γὰρ Ἀσκληπιὸν τῆς Λευκίππου καὶ οὐ Κορωνίδος παῖδα εἶναι·

Main verb φασιν governs two infinitival clauses; the second contains a genitive parenthetical/explanatory phrase about parentage.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	7 φασιν	cc	high
2	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	_	_	7 φασιν	discourse	high
3	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	5 παῖδας	det	high
4	Ἀσκληπιοῦ	Ἀσκληπιός	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 παῖδας	nmod	high
5	παῖδας	παῖς	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 στρατεῦσαί	obj	high	Object of στρατεῦσαί.
6	στρατεῦσαί	στρατεύω	VERB	_	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	7 φασιν	ccomp	high	Complement infinitive under φασιν.
7	φασιν	φημί	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
8	ἐπʼ	ἐπί	ADP	_	_	9 Ἴλιον	case	high
9	Ἴλιον	Ἴλιον	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 στρατεῦσαί	obl	high	Directional phrase with ἐπί.
10	Μεσσηνίους	Μεσσήνιος	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 ὄντας	amod	high	Attributive adjective used substantively or as predicate complement.
11	ὄντας	εἰμί	VERB	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	7 φασιν	advcl	high	Participial clause modifying the infinitival content.
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	7 φασιν	punct	high
13	Ἀρσινόης	Ἀρσινόη	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 Ἀσκληπιὸν	nmod	high
14	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	_	_	22 εἶναι	discourse	high
15	Ἀσκληπιὸν	Ἀσκληπιός	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	22 εἶναι	obj	high	Subject of infinitive treated as accusative.
16	τῆς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	17 Λευκίππου	det	high
17	Λευκίππου	Λευκίππη	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 Ἀρσινόης	nmod	medium	Likely feminine name; form is genitive of Λευκίππη/Λευκίππος in transmitted text.
18	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	19 οὐ	cc	high
19	οὐ	οὐ	PART	_	_	20 Κορωνίδος	advmod	high
20	Κορωνίδος	Κορωνίς	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 Ἀρσινόης	nmod	high
21	παῖδα	παῖς	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	22 εἶναι	xcomp	high	Predicate complement in infinitival clause.
22	εἶναι	εἰμί	VERB	_	Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	7 φασιν	ccomp	high	Second reported infinitival clause.
23	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	7 φασιν	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.3.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 28
Input: 852
Output: 2,099
Total: 2,951

καὶ Τρίκκαν τε καλοῦσιν ἔρημον ἐν τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ χωρίον καὶ ἔπη τῶν Ὁμήρου καταλέγουσιν, ἐν οἷς τὸν Μαχάονα ὁ Νέστωρ τῷ ὀιστῷ βεβλημένον περιέπων ἐστὶν εὐνοϊκῶς·

The clause ἐν οἷς ... ἐστὶν εὐνοϊκῶς is a relative clause with participial structure; exact attachment of περιέπων is somewhat uncertain, but it most naturally depends on ἐστὶν/Nέστωρ.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	4 καλοῦσιν	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction linking two main verbs.
2	Τρίκκαν	Τρίκκη	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	4 καλοῦσιν	obj	high	Accusative place name as object of καλοῦσιν.
3	τε	τε	PART	_	_	4 καλοῦσιν	discourse	medium	Enclitic connective particle.
4	καλοῦσιν	καλέω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	First main predicate.
5	ἔρημον	ἔρημος	ADJ	A-AMS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 χωρίον	amod	high	Adjectival modifier of χωρίον.
6	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	_	_	9 χωρίον	case	high	Preposition governing τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ.
7	τῇ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	8 Μεσσηνίᾳ	det	high	Article modifying Μεσσηνίᾳ.
8	Μεσσηνίᾳ	Μεσσηνία	PROPN	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 χωρίον	nmod	high	Object of the preposition ἐν.
9	χωρίον	χωρίον	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	4 καλοῦσιν	obj	medium	Likely second object/predicate with καλοῦσιν: 'a deserted place in Messenia'.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	14 καταλέγουσιν	cc	high	Coordinates the second verbal clause.
11	ἔπη	ἔπος	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 καταλέγουσιν	obj	high	Object of καταλέγουσιν.
12	τῶν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	13 Ὁμήρου	det	high	Article modifying Ὁμήρου.
13	Ὁμήρου	Ὅμηρος	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ἔπη	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of ἔπη.
14	καταλέγουσιν	καταλέγω	VERB	V-PAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Second main predicate.
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	14 καταλέγουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
16	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	_	_	26 ἐστὶν	case	high	Preposition introducing relative clause.
17	οἷς	ὅς	PRON	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rel	26 ἐστὶν	obl	high	Relative pronoun governed by ἐν.
18	τὸν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	19 Μαχάονα	det	high	Article modifying Μαχάονα.
19	Μαχάονα	Μαχάων	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 περιέπων	obj	high	Object of περιέπων.
20	ὁ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	21 Νέστωρ	det	high	Article functioning with Νέστωρ.
21	Νέστωρ	Νέστωρ	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	26 ἐστὶν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἐστὶν.
22	τῷ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	23 ὀιστῷ	det	high	Article modifying ὀιστῷ.
23	ὀιστῷ	ὀιστός	NOUN	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 βεβλημένον	obl	medium	Dative of instrument/means with βεβλημένον.
24	βεβλημένον	βάλλω	VERB	V-RPP-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	19 Μαχάονα	amod	high	Participle modifying Μαχάονα.
25	περιέπων	περιέπω	VERB	V-PAI-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	26 ἐστὶν	xcomp	medium	Circumstantial participle modifying Νέστωρ or predicative with ἐστίν.
26	ἐστὶν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	14 καταλέγουσιν	advcl	medium	Copular/parenthetical verb in relative clause; attaches to the matrix verb with the relative clause.
27	εὐνοϊκῶς	εὐνοϊκῶς	ADV	_	_	26 ἐστὶν	advmod	high	Adverb modifying ἐστίν.
28	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	14 καταλέγουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 4

4.3.2 sentence 4

Tokens: 26
Input: 822
Output: 1,898
Total: 2,720

οἳ δὲ καὶ μάλιστα ἤδη βεβαιοῦνται τὸν ἐς τοὺς Ἀσκληπιάδας λόγον, ἀποφαίνοντες ἐν Γερηνίᾳ Μαχάονος μνῆμα καὶ τὸ ἐν Φαραῖς τῶν Μαχάονος παίδων ἱερόν.

The participial clause ἀποφαίνοντες introduces coordinated accusative objects (μνῆμα, ἱερόν) with somewhat loose attachment to the main verb, and the local expressions with ἐν are treated as oblique/location modifiers.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οἳ	ὅς	PRON	PPro-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Rel	6 βεβαιοῦνται	nsubj	high	Relative pronoun, subject of βεβαιοῦνται.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	6 βεβαιοῦνται	discourse	high	Postpositive particle.
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	4 μάλιστα	advmod	medium	Likely adverbial/intensifying 'also/even' with μάλιστα.
4	μάλιστα	μάλιστα	ADV	B	_	6 βεβαιοῦνται	advmod	high	Superlative adverb modifying βεβαιοῦνται.
5	ἤδη	ἤδη	ADV	B	_	6 βεβαιοῦνται	advmod	high	Temporal adverb.
6	βεβαιοῦνται	βεβαιόω	VERB	V-PI-M/P-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Finite verb, sentence root.
7	τὸν	ὁ	DET	l-SAM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	11 λόγον	det	high	Article modifying λόγον.
8	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	11 λόγον	case	high	Preposition governing Ἀσκληπιάδας.
9	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	l-PAM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	10 Ἀσκληπιάδας	det	high	Article modifying Ἀσκληπιάδας.
10	Ἀσκληπιάδας	Ἀσκληπιάδης	PROPN	N-PAM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 λόγον	nmod	high	Prepositional complement of εἰς.
11	λόγον	λόγος	NOUN	N-SAM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 βεβαιοῦνται	obj	high	Direct object of βεβαιοῦνται.
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 βεβαιοῦνται	punct	high	Punctuation.
13	ἀποφαίνοντες	ἀποφαίνω	VERB	V-PAP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	6 βεβαιοῦνται	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle agreeing with οἳ.
14	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R	_	15 Γερηνίᾳ	case	high	Preposition.
15	Γερηνίᾳ	Γερηνία	PROPN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 μνῆμα	nmod	medium	Likely dative locative with μνῆμα, despite preposition ἐν.
16	Μαχάονος	Μαχάων	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	17 μνῆμα	nmod	high	Genitive modifying μνῆμα.
17	μνῆμα	μνῆμα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 ἀποφαίνοντες	obj	medium	Object/complement of ἀποφαίνοντες; syntactic attachment is somewhat loose.
18	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	25 ἱερόν	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
19	τὸ	ὁ	DET	l-SAN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	25 ἱερόν	det	high	Article modifying ἱερόν.
20	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R	_	21 Φαραῖς	case	high	Preposition.
21	Φαραῖς	Φαραί	PROPN	N-DPF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	25 ἱερόν	obl	high	Locative oblique dependent of ἱερόν.
22	τῶν	ὁ	DET	l-PGN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	24 παίδων	det	high	Article modifying παίδων.
23	Μαχάονος	Μαχάων	PROPN	N-GSM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 παίδων	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of παίδων.
24	παίδων	παῖς	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	25 ἱερόν	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of ἱερόν.
25	ἱερόν	ἱερόν	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 ἀποφαίνοντες	obj	medium	Second coordinated object/complement of ἀποφαίνοντες.
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	6 βεβαιοῦνται	punct	high	Punctuation.

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