Grammar parses for passage 4.3.2
Open translation for this passage
καὶ Τρίκκαν τε καλοῦσιν ἔρημον ἐν τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ χωρίον καὶ ἔπη τῶν Ὁμήρου καταλέγουσιν, ἐν οἷς τὸν Μαχάονα ὁ Νέστωρ τῷ ὀιστῷ βεβλημένον περιέπων ἐστὶν εὐνοϊκῶς·
The sentence coordinates καλοῦσιν and καταλέγουσιν; χωρίον is the predicate noun of καλοῦσιν with Τρίκκαν as its object. The relative clause has ὁ Νέστωρ as subject, τὸν Μαχάονα as object of περιέπων, and βεβλημένον as a supplementary participle agreeing with Μαχάονα; εὐνοϊκῶς modifies περιέπων ἐστίν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 καλοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | Τρίκκαν | Τρίκκα | PROPN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Place name, accusative object of καλοῦσιν. |
| 3 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 καλοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 4 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First coordinated finite verb. |
| 5 | ἔρημον | ἔρημος | ADJ | A-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 χωρίον | amod | medium | Predicative adjective agreeing with χωρίον; form is masculine accusative despite neuter χωρίον, likely attraction or textual/syntactic irregularity. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | Prep | _ | 8 Μεσσηνίᾳ | case | high | |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | Art-DatS-F | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Μεσσηνίᾳ | det | high | |
| 8 | Μεσσηνίᾳ | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 χωρίον | obl | high | Location with ἐν. |
| 9 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 καλοῦσιν | xcomp | high | Predicate noun with καλοῦσιν. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 14 καταλέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N-ANP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 καταλέγουσιν | obj | high | |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Art-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Ὁμήρου | det | high | |
| 13 | Ὁμήρου | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἔπη | nmod | high | Genitive of author/source. |
| 14 | καταλέγουσιν | καταλέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 καλοῦσιν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | punct | _ | 14 καταλέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | Prep | _ | 17 οἷς | case | high | |
| 17 | οἷς | ὅς | PRON | P-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 καταλέγουσιν | obl | high | Relative pronoun referring to ἔπη. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Μαχάονα | det | high | |
| 19 | Μαχάονα | Μαχάων | PROPN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 περιέπων | obj | high | Object of περιέπων. |
| 20 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Art-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Νέστωρ | det | high | |
| 21 | Νέστωρ | Νέστωρ | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστίν / participial predicate. |
| 22 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Art-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ὀιστῷ | det | high | |
| 23 | ὀιστῷ | ὀϊστός | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 βεβλημένον | obl | high | Instrumental dative with βεβλημένον. |
| 24 | βεβλημένον | βάλλω | VERB | V-RPP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 25 περιέπων | xcomp | medium | Supplementary perfect passive participle agreeing with Μαχάονα. |
| 25 | περιέπων | περιέπω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 26 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Present participle with εἰμί, describing Nestor's action/state. |
| 26 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 οἷς | acl:relcl | high | Finite predicate of the relative clause. |
| 27 | εὐνοϊκῶς | εὐνοϊκῶς | ADV | Adv | _ | 25 περιέπων | advmod | high | Adverb modifying περιέπων ἐστίν. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | punct | _ | 4 καλοῦσιν | punct | high |
οὐκ ἂν οὖν αὐτὸν εἰ μὴ ἐς γείτονα καὶ ἀνθρώπων βασιλέον ὁμοφύλων προθυμίαν τοσήνδε γε ἐπιδείξασθαι.
Elliptical potential infinitival construction: ἐπιδείξασθαι is the root infinitive, with αὐτόν as accusative subject and προθυμίαν as its object; εἰ μή introduces an exceptive/conditional phrase, while γείτονα and βασιλέον are coordinated accusatives dependent on ἐς, with βασιλέον agreeing with an understood/elliptical noun and ἀνθρώπων ὁμοφύλων dependent on it. The exact attachment of the ἐς phrase is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D、 | Polarity=Neg | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | advmod | high | |
| 2 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X | Mood=Cnd | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | aux | medium | Modal particle with the infinitive; some schemes treat it as advmod. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | X | _ | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | advmod | high | |
| 4 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 5 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C | _ | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | mark | medium | Introduces the exceptive/conditional μη clause. |
| 6 | μὴ | μή | PART | D、 | Polarity=Neg | 8 γείτονα | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 8 γείτονα | case | high | |
| 8 | γείτονα | γείτων | NOUN | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | obl | medium | Accusative after ἐς; likely coordinated semantically with βασιλέον. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 11 βασιλέον | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 βασιλέον | nmod | high | |
| 11 | βασιλέον | βασιλεύς | NOUN | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 γείτονα | conj | medium | Form is epic/poetic accusative singular of βασιλεύς; likely coordinated with γείτονα. |
| 12 | ὁμοφύλων | ὁμόφυλος | ADJ | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀνθρώπων | amod | high | |
| 13 | προθυμίαν | προθυμία | NOUN | A-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | obj | high | |
| 14 | τοσήνδε | τοσόσδε | DET | A-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 13 προθυμίαν | det | high | |
| 15 | γε | γε | PART | X | _ | 14 τοσήνδε | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 16 | ἐπιδείξασθαι | ἐπιδείκνυμι | VERB | V--AMN-- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle infinitive; exact larger-clause ellipsis is not recoverable from the sentence alone. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | U | _ | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | punct | high |
οἳ δὲ καὶ μάλιστα ἤδη βεβαιοῦνται τὸν ἐς τοὺς Ἀσκληπιάδας λόγον, ἀποφαίνοντες ἐν Γερηνίᾳ Μαχάονος μνῆμα καὶ τὸ ἐν Φαραῖς τῶν Μαχάονος παίδων ἱερόν.
Relative-clause subject οἳ is the root with finite βεβαιοῦνται; the infinitival/content object λόγον is governed by βεβαιοῦνται, while ἀποφαίνοντες is a coordinated participial adjunct whose objects are μνῆμα and ἱερόν. The reflexive-looking middle βεβαιοῦνται is interpreted as active in sense (‘affirm/establish’); exact voice nuance is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-AP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D | Degree=Pos | 4 μάλιστα | advmod | medium | Concessive/intensifying καί. |
| 4 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D | Degree=Sup | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D | _ | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | advmod | high | |
| 6 | βεβαιοῦνται | βεβαιόω | VERB | V3PPMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Middle form interpreted semantically as active ‘affirm/establish’; possibly reflexive/passive nuance. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 λόγον | det | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 10 Ἀσκληπιάδας | case | high | |
| 9 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 Ἀσκληπιάδας | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἀσκληπιάδας | Ἀσκληπιάδης | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 λόγον | nmod | high | Accusative plural in the εἰς phrase. |
| 11 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | obj | high | Content object of βεβαιοῦνται. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀποφαίνοντες | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀποφαίνοντες | ἀποφαίνω | VERB | V-PAPMPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with οἳ. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 15 Γερηνίᾳ | case | high | |
| 15 | Γερηνίᾳ | Γερηνία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 μνῆμα | obl | high | Place of the monument. |
| 16 | Μαχάονος | Μαχάων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 μνῆμα | nmod | high | |
| 17 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀποφαίνοντες | obj | high | First thing pointed out; neuter nominative/accusative form. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 25 ἱερόν | cc | high | |
| 19 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 ἱερόν | det | high | |
| 20 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 21 Φαραῖς | case | high | |
| 21 | Φαραῖς | Φαραί | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 ἱερόν | obl | high | Place of the sanctuary. |
| 22 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 24 παίδων | det | high | |
| 23 | Μαχάονος | Μαχάων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 παίδων | nmod | high | Dependent genitive within the noun phrase. |
| 24 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἱερόν | nmod | high | Genitive ‘of the children’; τῶν Μαχάονος παίδων modifies ἱερόν. |
| 25 | ἱερόν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀποφαίνοντες | obj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘sanctuary’; coordinated with μνῆμα. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | punct | high |