Grammar parses for passage 4.3.2
Open translation for this passage
καὶ γὰρ τοὺς Ἀσκληπιοῦ παῖδας στρατεῦσαί φασιν ἐπʼ Ἴλιον Μεσσηνίους ὄντας, Ἀρσινόης γὰρ Ἀσκληπιὸν τῆς Λευκίππου καὶ οὐ Κορωνίδος παῖδα εἶναι·
The sentence contains two coordinated reported infinitives under φασιν: στρατεῦσαι and explanatory εἶναι; the compressed genitives identify Asclepius as son of Arsinoe, daughter of Leucippus rather than Coronis.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 7 φασιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 7 φασιν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἀσκληπιοῦ | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 παῖδας | nmod | high | |
| 5 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 στρατεῦσαί | obj | high | |
| 6 | στρατεῦσαί | στρατεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 7 φασιν | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported speech. |
| 7 | φασιν | φημί | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 8 | ἐπʼ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | Case=Acc | 9 Ἴλιον | case | high | Elided form before vowel. |
| 9 | Ἴλιον | Ἴλιον | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 στρατεῦσαί | obl | high | |
| 10 | Μεσσηνίους | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ὄντας | xcomp | medium | Predicative accusative with ὄντας, within the infinitival report. |
| 11 | ὄντας | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 6 στρατεῦσαί | advcl | high | Concessive or circumstantial participle. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 φασιν | punct | high | |
| 13 | Ἀρσινόης | Ἀρσινόη | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Ἀσκληπιὸν | nmod | high | |
| 14 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 22 εἶναι | discourse | high | |
| 15 | Ἀσκληπιὸν | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 παῖδα | nmod | high | Possessive/genitival construction with παῖδα. |
| 16 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Λευκίππου | det | high | |
| 17 | Λευκίππου | Λευκίππη | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Ἀρσινόης | nmod | medium | Genitive name coordinated semantically with Κορωνίδος; appositional/parentage syntax is compressed. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 Κορωνίδος | cc | high | |
| 19 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 22 εἶναι | advmod | high | |
| 20 | Κορωνίδος | Κορωνίς | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Λευκίππου | conj | medium | Coordinated genitive parent-name. |
| 21 | παῖδα | παῖς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Predicate accusative of εἶναι. |
| 22 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | _ | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 φασιν | ccomp | high | Second reported infinitive, explanatory after γάρ. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 φασιν | punct | high |
καὶ Τρίκκαν τε καλοῦσιν ἔρημον ἐν τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ χωρίον καὶ ἔπη τῶν Ὁμήρου καταλέγουσιν, ἐν οἷς τὸν Μαχάονα ὁ Νέστωρ τῷ ὀιστῷ βεβλημένον περιέπων ἐστὶν εὐνοϊκῶς·
The sentence coordinates καλοῦσιν and καταλέγουσιν; χωρίον is the predicate noun of καλοῦσιν with Τρίκκαν as its object. The relative clause has ὁ Νέστωρ as subject, τὸν Μαχάονα as object of περιέπων, and βεβλημένον as a supplementary participle agreeing with Μαχάονα; εὐνοϊκῶς modifies περιέπων ἐστίν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 καλοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 2 | Τρίκκαν | Τρίκκα | PROPN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Place name, accusative object of καλοῦσιν. |
| 3 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 4 καλοῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 4 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First coordinated finite verb. |
| 5 | ἔρημον | ἔρημος | ADJ | A-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 χωρίον | amod | medium | Predicative adjective agreeing with χωρίον; form is masculine accusative despite neuter χωρίον, likely attraction or textual/syntactic irregularity. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | Prep | _ | 8 Μεσσηνίᾳ | case | high | |
| 7 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | Art-DatS-F | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Μεσσηνίᾳ | det | high | |
| 8 | Μεσσηνίᾳ | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 χωρίον | obl | high | Location with ἐν. |
| 9 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-ANS | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 καλοῦσιν | xcomp | high | Predicate noun with καλοῦσιν. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Conj | _ | 14 καταλέγουσιν | cc | high | |
| 11 | ἔπη | ἔπος | NOUN | N-ANP | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 καταλέγουσιν | obj | high | |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Art-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Ὁμήρου | det | high | |
| 13 | Ὁμήρου | Ὅμηρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἔπη | nmod | high | Genitive of author/source. |
| 14 | καταλέγουσιν | καταλέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 καλοῦσιν | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | punct | _ | 14 καταλέγουσιν | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | Prep | _ | 17 οἷς | case | high | |
| 17 | οἷς | ὅς | PRON | P-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 καταλέγουσιν | obl | high | Relative pronoun referring to ἔπη. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | Art-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Μαχάονα | det | high | |
| 19 | Μαχάονα | Μαχάων | PROPN | N-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 περιέπων | obj | high | Object of περιέπων. |
| 20 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Art-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Νέστωρ | det | high | |
| 21 | Νέστωρ | Νέστωρ | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστίν / participial predicate. |
| 22 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Art-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 ὀιστῷ | det | high | |
| 23 | ὀιστῷ | ὀϊστός | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 βεβλημένον | obl | high | Instrumental dative with βεβλημένον. |
| 24 | βεβλημένον | βάλλω | VERB | V-RPP-AMS | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 25 περιέπων | xcomp | medium | Supplementary perfect passive participle agreeing with Μαχάονα. |
| 25 | περιέπων | περιέπω | VERB | V-PAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 26 ἐστὶν | xcomp | medium | Present participle with εἰμί, describing Nestor's action/state. |
| 26 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 17 οἷς | acl:relcl | high | Finite predicate of the relative clause. |
| 27 | εὐνοϊκῶς | εὐνοϊκῶς | ADV | Adv | _ | 25 περιέπων | advmod | high | Adverb modifying περιέπων ἐστίν. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | punct | _ | 4 καλοῦσιν | punct | high |
οὐκ ἂν οὖν αὐτὸν εἰ μὴ ἐς γείτονα καὶ ἀνθρώπων βασιλέον ὁμοφύλων προθυμίαν τοσήνδε γε ἐπιδείξασθαι.
Elliptical potential infinitival construction: ἐπιδείξασθαι is the root infinitive, with αὐτόν as accusative subject and προθυμίαν as its object; εἰ μή introduces an exceptive/conditional phrase, while γείτονα and βασιλέον are coordinated accusatives dependent on ἐς, with βασιλέον agreeing with an understood/elliptical noun and ἀνθρώπων ὁμοφύλων dependent on it. The exact attachment of the ἐς phrase is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D、 | Polarity=Neg | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | advmod | high | |
| 2 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X | Mood=Cnd | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | aux | medium | Modal particle with the infinitive; some schemes treat it as advmod. |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | X | _ | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | advmod | high | |
| 4 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 5 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C | _ | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | mark | medium | Introduces the exceptive/conditional μη clause. |
| 6 | μὴ | μή | PART | D、 | Polarity=Neg | 8 γείτονα | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 8 γείτονα | case | high | |
| 8 | γείτονα | γείτων | NOUN | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | obl | medium | Accusative after ἐς; likely coordinated semantically with βασιλέον. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 11 βασιλέον | cc | high | |
| 10 | ἀνθρώπων | ἄνθρωπος | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 βασιλέον | nmod | high | |
| 11 | βασιλέον | βασιλεύς | NOUN | A-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 γείτονα | conj | medium | Form is epic/poetic accusative singular of βασιλεύς; likely coordinated with γείτονα. |
| 12 | ὁμοφύλων | ὁμόφυλος | ADJ | A-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀνθρώπων | amod | high | |
| 13 | προθυμίαν | προθυμία | NOUN | A-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | obj | high | |
| 14 | τοσήνδε | τοσόσδε | DET | A-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 13 προθυμίαν | det | high | |
| 15 | γε | γε | PART | X | _ | 14 τοσήνδε | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 16 | ἐπιδείξασθαι | ἐπιδείκνυμι | VERB | V--AMN-- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle infinitive; exact larger-clause ellipsis is not recoverable from the sentence alone. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | U | _ | 16 ἐπιδείξασθαι | punct | high |
οἳ δὲ καὶ μάλιστα ἤδη βεβαιοῦνται τὸν ἐς τοὺς Ἀσκληπιάδας λόγον, ἀποφαίνοντες ἐν Γερηνίᾳ Μαχάονος μνῆμα καὶ τὸ ἐν Φαραῖς τῶν Μαχάονος παίδων ἱερόν.
Relative-clause subject οἳ is the root with finite βεβαιοῦνται; the infinitival/content object λόγον is governed by βεβαιοῦνται, while ἀποφαίνοντες is a coordinated participial adjunct whose objects are μνῆμα and ἱερόν. The reflexive-looking middle βεβαιοῦνται is interpreted as active in sense (‘affirm/establish’); exact voice nuance is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἳ | ὅς | PRON | P-AP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D | Degree=Pos | 4 μάλιστα | advmod | medium | Concessive/intensifying καί. |
| 4 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D | Degree=Sup | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D | _ | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | advmod | high | |
| 6 | βεβαιοῦνται | βεβαιόω | VERB | V3PPMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Middle form interpreted semantically as active ‘affirm/establish’; possibly reflexive/passive nuance. |
| 7 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | S-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 λόγον | det | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 10 Ἀσκληπιάδας | case | high | |
| 9 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 Ἀσκληπιάδας | det | high | |
| 10 | Ἀσκληπιάδας | Ἀσκληπιάδης | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 λόγον | nmod | high | Accusative plural in the εἰς phrase. |
| 11 | λόγον | λόγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | obj | high | Content object of βεβαιοῦνται. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἀποφαίνοντες | punct | high | |
| 13 | ἀποφαίνοντες | ἀποφαίνω | VERB | V-PAPMPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with οἳ. |
| 14 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 15 Γερηνίᾳ | case | high | |
| 15 | Γερηνίᾳ | Γερηνία | PROPN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 μνῆμα | obl | high | Place of the monument. |
| 16 | Μαχάονος | Μαχάων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 μνῆμα | nmod | high | |
| 17 | μνῆμα | μνῆμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀποφαίνοντες | obj | high | First thing pointed out; neuter nominative/accusative form. |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 25 ἱερόν | cc | high | |
| 19 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 ἱερόν | det | high | |
| 20 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 21 Φαραῖς | case | high | |
| 21 | Φαραῖς | Φαραί | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 25 ἱερόν | obl | high | Place of the sanctuary. |
| 22 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 24 παίδων | det | high | |
| 23 | Μαχάονος | Μαχάων | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 παίδων | nmod | high | Dependent genitive within the noun phrase. |
| 24 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἱερόν | nmod | high | Genitive ‘of the children’; τῶν Μαχάονος παίδων modifies ἱερόν. |
| 25 | ἱερόν | ἱερός | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 13 ἀποφαίνοντες | obj | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, ‘sanctuary’; coordinated with μνῆμα. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 βεβαιοῦνται | punct | high |