Grammar parses for passage 4.3.3
Open translation for this passage
διαπολεμηθέντος δὲ τοῦ πρὸς Ἴλιον πολέμου καὶ Νέστορος ὡς ἐπανῆλθεν οἴκαδε τελευτήσαντος, Δωριέων στόλος καὶ ἡ κάθοδος Ἡρακλειδῶν γενομένη δύο γενεαῖς ὕστερον ἐξέβαλε τοὺς Νηλέως ἀπογόνους ἐκ τῆς Μεσσηνίας.
The opening contains two coordinated genitive-absolute constructions; γενομένη agrees with κάθοδος and is circumstantial to the main verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | διαπολεμηθέντος | διαπολεμέω | VERB | V-APP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Passive | 6 πολέμου | acl | high | Genitive absolute with τοῦ πολέμου. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 διαπολεμηθέντος | cc | high | |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πολέμου | det | high | |
| 4 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 Ἴλιον | case | high | |
| 5 | Ἴλιον | Ἴλιος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 πολέμου | nmod | high | Object of πρὸς. |
| 6 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 γενομένη | obl | medium | Genitive absolute subject with participle 1; attached as oblique nominal to the absolute clause. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 τελευτήσαντος | cc | high | |
| 8 | Νέστορος | Νέστωρ | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 τελευτήσαντος | nsubj | high | Genitive absolute subject. |
| 9 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐπανῆλθεν | mark | high | Introduces temporal clause. |
| 10 | ἐπανῆλθεν | ἐπανέρχομαι | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 12 τελευτήσαντος | advcl | high | Finite verb in the ὡς clause. |
| 11 | οἴκαδε | οἴκαδε | ADV | ADV | Direction=Goal | 10 ἐπανῆλθεν | advmod | high | Directional adverb, ‘homeward/home’. |
| 12 | τελευτήσαντος | τελευτάω | VERB | V-AAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 20 γενομένη | advcl | high | Second genitive absolute, with Νέστορος as subject. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 20 γενομένη | punct | high | |
| 14 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 στόλος | nmod | high | Genitive attributive with στόλος. |
| 15 | στόλος | στόλος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἐξέβαλε | nsubj | high | First conjunct of compound subject. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 κάθοδος | cc | high | Coordinates the two subject nouns. |
| 17 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 κάθοδος | det | high | |
| 18 | κάθοδος | κάθοδος | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 στόλος | conj | high | Second conjunct of compound subject. |
| 19 | Ἡρακλειδῶν | Ἡρακλείδης | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 κάθοδος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κάθοδος. |
| 20 | γενομένη | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 24 ἐξέβαλε | advcl | high | Supplementary/circumstantial participle agreeing with κάθοδος. |
| 21 | δύο | δύο | NUM | A-丂 | Case=Dat|Number=Plur | 22 γενεαῖς | nummod | high | Numeral modifying γενεαῖς. |
| 22 | γενεαῖς | γενεά | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 23 ὕστερον | obl | high | Dative of measure/time with ὕστερον. |
| 23 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Pos | 20 γενομένη | advmod | high | Temporal adverbial phrase: two generations later. |
| 24 | ἐξέβαλε | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | V-2AAI-3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 25 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 ἀπογόνους | det | high | |
| 26 | Νηλέως | Νηλεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἀπογόνους | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive: descendants of Neleus. |
| 27 | ἀπογόνους | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἐξέβαλε | obj | high | |
| 28 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 30 Μεσσηνίας | case | high | |
| 29 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 Μεσσηνίας | det | high | |
| 30 | Μεσσηνίας | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἐξέβαλε | obl | high | Source/place complement of ἐξέβαλε. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐξέβαλε | punct | high |
καί μοι ταῦτα ἐγένετο ἤδη τῷ λόγῳ προσθήκη τῷ ἐς Τισαμενόν· πλὴν τοσόνδε ἔτι δηλώσω.
The first clause has ταῦτα as the subject of ἐγένετο and προσθήκη as a predicate nominative; τῷ ἐς Τισαμενόν modifies λόγῳ. πλὴν introduces an adversative exception, with τοσόνδε as the object of δηλώσω.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | Polarity=Pos | 4 ἐγένετο | cc | high | |
| 2 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1S-D | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 4 ἐγένετο | iobj | high | Dative of reference. |
| 3 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | D-P---NA | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 ἐγένετο | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural form is nominative here, subject of ἐγένετο. |
| 4 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | advmod | high | |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 λόγῳ | det | high | |
| 7 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 προσθήκη | obl | medium | Dative complement/standard with προσθήκη; the article-adjective phrase modifies λόγῳ. |
| 8 | προσθήκη | προσθήκη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐγένετο | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with γίγνομαι. |
| 9 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 ἐς | det | medium | Article substantivally introduces the following prepositional phrase. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 λόγῳ | nmod | high | Preposition governing Τισαμενόν; phrase modifies λόγῳ. |
| 11 | Τισαμενόν | Τισαμενός | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐς | obj | high | |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 4 ἐγένετο | punct | high | |
| 13 | πλὴν | πλήν | ADV | ADV | _ | 16 δηλώσω | advmod | high | Adversative/exemptive connective introducing the second clause. |
| 14 | τοσόνδε | τοσόσδε | PRON | D-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 16 δηλώσω | obj | high | Substantival neuter accusative. |
| 15 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 16 δηλώσω | advmod | high | |
| 16 | δηλώσω | δηλόω | VERB | V-FAI1S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Fut|Voice=Act | 4 ἐγένετο | conj | high | |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 16 δηλώσω | punct | high |
Τημένῳ τῶν Δωριέων Ἄργος ἐφέντων ἔχειν, Κρεσφόντης γῆν σφᾶς ᾔτει τὴν Μεσσηνίαν ἅτε καὶ αὐτὸς Ἀριστοδήμου πρεσβύτερος.
Genitive absolute Τημένῳ ... ἐφέντων supplies the concessive/background circumstance: although the Dorians had assigned Argos to Temenus, Cresphontes asked for Messenia, being older than Aristodemus. The reflexive σφᾶς is the object of ᾔτει and refers to the speaker group; ἅτε introduces the causal participial/nominal characterization αὐτὸς ... πρεσβύτερος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τημένῳ | Τήμενος | PROPN | N--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐφέντων | obl:agent | high | Dative agent-like complement in the genitive absolute. |
| 2 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Δωριέων | det | high | |
| 3 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | NOUN | N-GPM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐφέντων | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive-absolute participle. |
| 4 | Ἄργος | Ἄργος | PROPN | N-ASN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἔχειν | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive ἔχειν. |
| 5 | ἐφέντων | ἐφίημι | VERB | V-2AAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 11 ᾔτει | advcl | high | Aorist active participle in a genitive absolute; contextually ‘having assigned/allowed’. |
| 6 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 ἐφέντων | xcomp | high | Infinitive governed by ἐφέντων. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ᾔτει | punct | high | |
| 8 | Κρεσφόντης | Κρεσφόντης | PROPN | N-NSM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ᾔτει | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ᾔτει | obj | high | Direct object of ᾔτει. |
| 10 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-AP---- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 11 ᾔτει | obj | medium | Reflexive/personal pronoun, likely referring to the Dorians or claimants; object coordinated semantically with γῆν as the requested possession/group. |
| 11 | ᾔτει | αἰτέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 Μεσσηνίαν | det | high | |
| 13 | Μεσσηνίαν | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | N-ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 γῆν | appos | high | Specifies γῆν. |
| 14 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | C----- | _ | 18 πρεσβύτερος | mark | high | Causal/concessive marker introducing the characterization with πρεσβύτερος. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 αὐτὸς | advmod | high | Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’. |
| 16 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSM---- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3 | 18 πρεσβύτερος | nsubj | high | Subject of the implied copula with πρεσβύτερος. |
| 17 | Ἀριστοδήμου | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | N-GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πρεσβύτερος | obl | high | Genitive of comparison with πρεσβύτερος. |
| 18 | πρεσβύτερος | πρέσβυς | ADJ | A-NSM-C | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ᾔτει | advcl | medium | Comparative predicate adjective in a verbless causal clause after ἅτε; implied copula. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ᾔτει | punct | high |