Grammar parses for passage 4.3.3
Open translation for this passage
Τημένῳ τῶν Δωριέων Ἄργος ἐφέντων ἔχειν, Κρεσφόντης γῆν σφᾶς ᾔτει τὴν Μεσσηνίαν ἅτε καὶ αὐτὸς Ἀριστοδήμου πρεσβύτερος.
The main difficulty is the opening genitive absolute with an infinitival complement and the final ἅτε clause, which is best analyzed as a causal/parenthetical predication.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τημένῳ | Τήμενος | PROPN | N-S---DM- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Κρεσφόντης | obl | medium | Dative of reference/association; likely governed by the participial clause. |
| 2 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-S---GF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 Δωριέων | det | high | Article. |
| 3 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | NOUN | N-P---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 Τημένῳ | nmod | high | Dependent genitive of Τημένῳ. |
| 4 | Ἄργος | Ἄργος | PROPN | N-S---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἔχειν | obj | medium | Likely object/complement of ἔχειν in the infinitival clause. |
| 5 | ἐφέντων | ἐφίημι | VERB | V-AAPGPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 Τημένῳ | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 6 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ἐφέντων | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ᾔτει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | Κρεσφόντης | Κρεσφόντης | PROPN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ᾔτει | nsubj | high | Subject of ᾔτει. |
| 9 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ᾔτει | obj | high | Direct object. |
| 10 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 11 ᾔτει | obj | low | Likely second object ('them'); case/role somewhat uncertain in context. |
| 11 | ᾔτει | αἰτέω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Μεσσηνίαν | det | high | Article. |
| 13 | Μεσσηνίαν | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 γῆν | nmod | medium | Attributive apposition to γῆν ('the land of Messenia'). |
| 14 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 πρεσβύτερος | mark | medium | Introduces a causal/grounding clause or phrase. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 αὐτὸς | advmod | high | Additive particle modifying αὐτὸς. |
| 16 | αὐτὸς | αὐτός | PRON | A-P---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 18 πρεσβύτερος | nsubj | medium | Subject of the predicative adjective πρεσβύτερος. |
| 17 | Ἀριστοδήμου | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 πρεσβύτερος | nmod | high | Genitive of comparison/reference with πρεσβύτερος. |
| 18 | πρεσβύτερος | πρεσβύτερος | ADJ | A-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ᾔτει | advcl | medium | Best taken as predicative phrase in a causal clause introduced by ἅτε. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ᾔτει | punct | high | Punctuation. |