Grammar parses for passage 4.3.4
Open translation for this passage
Ἀριστόδημος μὲν οὖν ἐτύγχανεν ἤδη τεθνεώς, Θήρας δὲ ὁ Αὐτεσίωνος τῷ Κρεσφόντῃ μάλιστα ἠναντιοῦτο,
The sentence has two coordinated imperfect clauses: ἐτύγχανεν τεθνεώς is a periphrastic construction (‘was already dead’), while ἠναντιοῦτο takes the dative τῷ Κρεσφόντῃ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστόδημος | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | N--SMN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐτύγχανεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X---- ग? | _ | 4 ἐτύγχανεν | discourse | high | |
| 3 | οὖν | οὖν | PART | X---- | _ | 4 ἐτύγχανεν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἐτύγχανεν | τυγχάνω | VERB | V3IIAI3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Periphrastic auxiliary with τεθνεώς. |
| 5 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 τεθνεώς | advmod | high | |
| 6 | τεθνεώς | θνῄσκω | VERB | VAAPSMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Active | 4 ἐτύγχανεν | xcomp | high | Predicate participle with ἐτύγχανεν. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐτύγχανεν | punct | high | |
| 8 | Θήρας | Θήρας | PROPN | N--SMN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἠναντιοῦτο | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἠναντιοῦτο | cc | high | |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S-M-N-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Αὐτεσίωνος | det | high | |
| 11 | Αὐτεσίωνος | Αὐτεσίων | PROPN | N--SGN-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Θήρας | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitival identifier modifying Θήρας. |
| 12 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-S-D-M-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Κρεσφόντῃ | det | high | |
| 13 | Κρεσφόντῃ | Κρεσφόντης | PROPN | N--SDM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἠναντιοῦτο | iobj | high | |
| 14 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 15 ἠναντιοῦτο | advmod | high | |
| 15 | ἠναντιοῦτο | ἐναντιόομαι | VERB | V3IIIE3S | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 4 ἐτύγχανεν | conj | high | Coordinated second clause; δέ marks contrast. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἠναντιοῦτο | punct | high |
τὸ μὲν ἀνέκαθεν Θηβαῖός τε καὶ ἀπόγονος πέμπτος Πολυνείκους τοῦ Οἰδίποδος, τότε δὲ ἐπετρόπευεν Ἀριστοδήμου τοὺς παῖδας θεῖος ὢν πρὸς μητρός·
The first clause is a verbless nominal characterization of the understood subject of ἐπετρόπευεν; ὢν θεῖος πρὸς μητρός is a circumstantial participial clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἐπετρόπευεν | nsubj | medium | Substantivized article, referring to the subject understood with ἀπόγονος. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G------- | _ | 1 τὸ | discourse | high | |
| 3 | ἀνέκαθεν | ἀνέκαθεν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 4 Θηβαῖός | advmod | high | |
| 4 | Θηβαῖός | Θηβαῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἐπετρόπευεν | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective coordinated with ἀπόγονος; masculine agreement is syntactically understood. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 Θηβαῖός | cc | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἀπόγονος | cc | high | |
| 7 | ἀπόγονος | ἀπόγονος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Θηβαῖός | conj | medium | Nominal predicate coordinated with Θηβαῖος; the copula is omitted. |
| 8 | πέμπτος | πέμπτος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀπόγονος | amod | high | |
| 9 | Πολυνείκους | Πολυνείκης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ἀπόγονος | nmod | high | Genitive of descent. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Οἰδίποδος | det | high | |
| 11 | Οἰδίποδος | Οἰδίπους | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Πολυνείκους | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Πολυνείκους, identifying Polynices as son/descendant of Oedipus. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐπετρόπευεν | punct | high | |
| 13 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 15 ἐπετρόπευεν | advmod | high | |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 ἐπετρόπευεν | cc | high | |
| 15 | ἐπετρόπευεν | ἐπιτροπεύω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | Ἀριστοδήμου | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 παῖδας | nmod | high | Possessive genitive: the children of Aristodemus. |
| 17 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 παῖδας | det | high | |
| 18 | παῖδας | παῖς | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἐπετρόπευεν | obj | high | |
| 19 | θεῖος | θεῖος | ADJ | A-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ὢν | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective in the participial clause. |
| 20 | ὢν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἐπετρόπευεν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle: being an uncle on the mother's side. |
| 21 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 22 μητρός | case | high | |
| 22 | μητρός | μήτηρ | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ὢν | obl | high | Genitive with πρός, specifying relationship through the mother. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐπετρόπευεν | punct | high |
Αὐτεσίωνος γὰρ θυγατέρα Ἀριστόδημος ἔγημεν ὄνομα Ἀργείαν.
Ἀργείαν is the daughter’s name, with ὄνομα introducing the naming phrase; the exact internal attachment of ὄνομα/Ἀργείαν is syntactically somewhat variable in Greek annotation.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Αὐτεσίωνος | Αὐτεσίων | PROPN | neut? | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 θυγατέρα | nmod | high | Patronymic/name in the genitive, dependent on θυγατέρα. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | part | _ | 5 ἔγημεν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | θυγατέρα | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | n-f3 | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἔγημεν | obj | high | Direct object of ἔγημεν. |
| 4 | Ἀριστόδημος | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | n-pron | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἔγημεν | nsubj | high | Agent/subject of the active verb. |
| 5 | ἔγημεν | γαμέω | VERB | v-aor-act-ind-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist active form meaning 'married'. |
| 6 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | n-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 Ἀργείαν | appos | medium | Appositional naming phrase; nominative neuter agreeing syntactically with an omitted/understood naming construction. |
| 7 | Ἀργείαν | Ἀργεία | PROPN | n-pr-f--a- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 θυγατέρα | appos | medium | Name identifying θυγατέρα; accusative likely governed by the naming/appositional construction. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἔγημεν | punct | high |
Κρεσφόντης δὲ--- γενέσθαι γάρ οἱ ἤθελε τὴν Μεσσηνίαν πάντως μοῖραν--- Τημένου δεῖται, παρεσκευασμένος δὲ τοῦτον τῷ κλήρῳ δῆθεν ἐφίησι.
The dashes delimit a parenthetical explanation: Κρεσφόντης is the subject of ἐφίησι, with δεῖται taking the genitive Τημένου; παρεσκευασμένος is a circumstantial participle, and τοῦτον refers to Τήμενος. The parsing of ἐφίησι is contextually somewhat uncertain (likely ‘assigns/releases’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κρεσφόντης | Κρεσφόντης | PROPN | Nems | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἐφίησι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 ἐφίησι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | - | - | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 γενέσθαι | punct | high | Parenthetical delimiter. |
| 4 | - | - | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 γενέσθαι | punct | high | Parenthetical delimiter. |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 γενέσθαι | punct | high | Parenthetical delimiter. |
| 6 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | VAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 9 ἤθελε | xcomp | high | Infinitive complementary to ἤθελε. |
| 7 | γάρ | γάρ | PART | CONJ | _ | 9 ἤθελε | advmod | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 8 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | Ppers3 | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 ἤθελε | iobj | medium | Dative of interest/experiencer with ἤθελε. |
| 9 | ἤθελε | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 18 δεῖται | parataxis | medium | Parenthetical finite verb; subject is implicit Κρεσφόντης. |
| 10 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | D-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 μοῖραν | det | high | |
| 11 | Μεσσηνίαν | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 μοῖραν | compound | high | Proper-name modifier of μοῖραν. |
| 12 | πάντως | πάντως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 9 ἤθελε | advmod | high | |
| 13 | μοῖραν | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 γενέσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive, with γενέσθαι understood as ‘become/have as share’. |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 γενέσθαι | punct | high | Parenthetical delimiter. |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 γενέσθαι | punct | high | Parenthetical delimiter. |
| 16 | - | - | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 6 γενέσθαι | punct | high | Parenthetical delimiter. |
| 17 | Τημένου | Τήμενος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 δεῖται | obl | high | Genitive complement of δεῖται. |
| 18 | δεῖται | δέομαι | VERB | V-PNI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 26 ἐφίησι | conj | high | Coordinates with ἐφίησι; subject Κρεσφόντης. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 18 δεῖται | punct | high | |
| 20 | παρεσκευασμένος | παρασκευάζω | VERB | V-RMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 26 ἐφίησι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with Κρεσφόντης. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 20 παρεσκευασμένος | cc | high | Connective particle. |
| 22 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | PRON | RD-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 26 ἐφίησι | obj | medium | Demonstrative object of ἐφίησι, probably referring to Τήμενος. |
| 23 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | D-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 24 κλήρῳ | det | high | |
| 24 | κλήρῳ | κλῆρος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἐφίησι | obl | high | Dative of means/instrument. |
| 25 | δῆθεν | δῆθεν | PART | PART | _ | 26 ἐφίησι | advmod | high | Skeptical/quotative particle, ‘allegedly’. |
| 26 | ἐφίησι | ἐφίημι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | low | Exact contextual sense and relation of τοῦτον are uncertain; finite main predicate. |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 26 ἐφίησι | punct | high |