Grammar parses for passage 4.3.5
Open translation for this passage
Τήμενος δὲ ἐς ὑδρίαν, ἐνόντος ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ ὕδατος, καθίησι τῶν Ἀριστοδήμου παίδων καὶ Κρεσφόντου τοὺς πάλους ἐπὶ διῃρημένοις, μοῖραν ἀναιρεῖσθαι τῆς χώρας προτέρους ὁποτέρων ἂν πάλος ἀνέλθῃ πρότερον.
The syntax is compressed: an initial genitive absolute, then a main clause with an infinitival complement, and a relative/conditional clause introduced by ὁποτέρων ἂν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Τήμενος | Τήμενος | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 καθίησι | nsubj | high | Subject of καθίησι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 12 καθίησι | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 ὑδρίαν | case | high | Introduces goal phrase. |
| 4 | ὑδρίαν | ὑδρία | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 καθίησι | obl | high | Goal of motion. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 καθίησι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 6 | ἐνόντος | εἰμί | VERB | V-PPAPG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 καθίησι | advcl | high | Genitive absolute; participle from ἐνίημι/ἔνειμι context is adjectival/participle; likely gen. abs. with 10. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 αὐτῇ | case | high | Case marker. |
| 8 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P-S3F3D- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 ἐνόντος | obl | high | Object of ἐν in genitive absolute phrase. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 ὕδατος | cc | high | Coordinates ὕδατος. |
| 10 | ὕδατος | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N--NSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἐνόντος | nsubj | medium | Likely second genitive-absolute participant with ἐνόντος; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 καθίησι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | καθίησι | καθίημι | VERB | V-PIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-P---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 παίδων | det | high | Article. |
| 14 | Ἀριστοδήμου | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παίδων | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of παίδων. |
| 15 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N--GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 πάλους | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of πάλους. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 Κρεσφόντου | cc | high | Coordinates Κρεσφόντου. |
| 17 | Κρεσφόντου | Κρέσφων | PROPN | N--GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παίδων | conj | high | Coordinate genitive with Ἀριστοδήμου. |
| 18 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-P---A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 19 πάλους | det | high | Article. |
| 19 | πάλους | πᾶλος | NOUN | N--APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 καθίησι | obj | high | Direct object of καθίησι. |
| 20 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 διῃρημένοις | case | high | Preposition. |
| 21 | διῃρημένοις | διαιρέω | VERB | V-RPMPD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 19 πάλους | obl | medium | Participle used substantivally or adjectivally; dative plural with ἐπί. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 καθίησι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 23 | μοῖραν | μοῖρα | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἀναιρεῖσθαι | obj | high | Object-infinitive complement. |
| 24 | ἀναιρεῖσθαι | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-PMN-- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 12 καθίησι | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive after καθίησι. |
| 25 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-P---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 χώρας | det | high | Article. |
| 26 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N--GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 24 ἀναιρεῖσθαι | obl | high | Genitive with ἀναιρεῖσθαι. |
| 27 | προτέρους | πρότερος | ADJ | A-PAM- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἀναιρεῖσθαι | obj | medium | Likely predicate/object-like modifier in infinitival clause; syntax uncertain. |
| 28 | ὁποτέρων | ὁπότερος | PRON | P-PGPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 πάλος | det | high | Interrogative/relative determiner-like pronoun. |
| 29 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | D-------- | _ | 31 ἀνέλθῃ | advmod | high | Modal particle with subjunctive. |
| 30 | πάλος | πᾶλος | NOUN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἀνέλθῃ | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνέλθῃ. |
| 31 | ἀνέλθῃ | ἀνέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAS3S- | Mood=Sub|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 27 προτέρους | acl | high | Relative/conditional clause modifying προτέρους. |
| 32 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 31 ἀνέλθῃ | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀνέλθῃ. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 καθίησι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τοὺς μὲν δὴ πάλους γῆς ὁ Τήμενος ἐπεποίητο ἀμφοτέρους, ἀλλὰ τοῖς μὲν Ἀριστοδήμου παισὶ ξηρᾶς ὑπὸ ἡλίου, Κρεσφόντῃ δὲ ὀπτῆς πυρί·
The sentence is heavily elliptical in the second half; the dative phrases with ξηρᾶς ὑπὸ ἡλίου and ὀπτῆς πυρί are compressed contrasts, so several attachments are necessarily approximate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | l-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 πάλους | det | high | Article modifying πάλους. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 4 πάλους | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | d-------- | _ | 4 πάλους | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | πάλους | πάλος | NOUN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπεποίητο | obj | high | Direct object of ἐπεποίητο. |
| 5 | γῆς | γῆ | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 πάλους | nmod | high | Genitive of material/quality with πάλους. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Τήμενος | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 7 | Τήμενος | Τήμενος | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπεποίητο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπεποίητο. |
| 8 | ἐπεποίητο | ποιέω | VERB | v3sipe--- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 9 | ἀμφοτέρους | ἀμφότερος | ADJ | a-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 πάλους | amod | medium | Predicative/appositional modifier of πάλους. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπεποίητο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 8 ἐπεποίητο | cc | high | Adversative conjunction introducing contrast. |
| 12 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | l-p---md- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 παισὶ | det | high | Article with παισὶ. |
| 13 | μὲν | μέν | PART | d-------- | _ | 15 παισὶ | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 14 | Ἀριστοδήμου | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 παισὶ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of παισὶ. |
| 15 | παισὶ | παῖς | NOUN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐπεποίητο | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary contrastively paired. |
| 16 | ξηρᾶς | ξηρός | ADJ | a-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἡλίου | amod | medium | Likely dependent on ἡλίου via genitival phrase 'of dry [wood]' or similar elliptical phrase; context is compressed. |
| 17 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | r-------- | _ | 18 ἡλίου | case | high | Preposition governing ἡλίου. |
| 18 | ἡλίου | ἥλιος | NOUN | n-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ξηρᾶς | nmod | medium | Genitive complement of ὑπό. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπεποίητο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 20 | Κρεσφόντῃ | Κρεσφόντης | PROPN | n-s---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἐπεποίητο | iobj | high | Second dative recipient in contrast. |
| 21 | δὲ | δέ | PART | d-------- | _ | 20 Κρεσφόντῃ | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 22 | ὀπτῆς | ὀπτός | ADJ | a-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 πυρί | amod | medium | Likely modifies πυρί in an elliptical phrase. |
| 23 | πυρί | πῦρ | NOUN | n-s---nd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 Κρεσφόντῃ | nmod | medium | Dative with omitted preposition/means; relation is somewhat elliptical. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἐπεποίητο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ὅ τε δὴ τῶν Ἀριστοδήμου παίδων πάλος κατετέτηκτο καὶ ὁ Κρεσφόντης οὕτω λαχὼν γῆν αἱρεῖται τὴν Μεσσηνίαν.
The sentence appears to contain two coordinated clauses with separate finite verbs; the first clause’s nominal syntax around ὅ τε δὴ τῶν Ἀριστοδήμου παίδων πάλος is somewhat opaque, so the attachment of ὅ and πάλος is tentative.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὅ | ὅς | PRON | Pp-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 7 πάλος | det | medium | Likely correlative/article-like relative with πάλος; syntax uncertain. |
| 2 | τε | τε | PART | Gf | _ | 1 ὅ | advmod | high | Enclitic connective particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Gf | _ | 1 ὅ | advmod | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Ra--PG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 παίδων | det | high | Article modifying παίδων. |
| 5 | Ἀριστοδήμου | Ἀριστόδημος | PROPN | Ne-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 παίδων | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of παίδων. |
| 6 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N-P---MG | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 πάλος | nmod | high | Genitive phrase dependent on πάλος. |
| 7 | πάλος | πάλος | NOUN | N-S---MN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 κατετέτηκτο | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of κατετέτηκτο, though exact lexical sense/context is uncertain. |
| 8 | κατετέτηκτο | κατατήκω | VERB | V-3SIIA-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb; likely root of first clause. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | Cc | _ | 15 αἱρεῖται | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 10 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | Ra--NS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 Κρεσφόντης | det | high | Article with Κρεσφόντης. |
| 11 | Κρεσφόντης | Κρεσφόντης | PROPN | Ne-SMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 αἱρεῖται | nsubj | high | Subject of αἱρεῖται. |
| 12 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D------- | _ | 13 λαχὼν | advmod | high | Modifies the participle. |
| 13 | λαχὼν | λαγχάνω | VERB | V-AAP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 αἱρεῖται | advcl | high | Aorist participle adverbial/clausal modifier. |
| 14 | γῆν | γῆ | NOUN | N-S---FA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 αἱρεῖται | obj | high | Direct object of αἱρεῖται. |
| 15 | αἱρεῖται | αἱρέω | VERB | V-3SPIE-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second coordinated finite clause; root treated as main predicate for coordination. |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | Ra--SA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Μεσσηνίαν | det | high | Article with Μεσσηνίαν. |
| 17 | Μεσσηνίαν | Μεσσηνία | PROPN | Ne-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 γῆν | appos | medium | Likely appositive/identifier to γῆν ('the land, Messenia'). |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 αἱρεῖται | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |