Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 4.3.6

← 4.3.54.3.7 →

Passage 4.3.6

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
70Greek tokens
2,963input tokens
5,272output tokens
Sentence 1

4.3.6 sentence 1

Tokens
27
Input
857
Output
1,997
Total
2,854

Μεσσηνίων δὲ τῶν ἀρχαίων οὐκ ἐγένετο ὑπὸ τῶν Δωριέων ὁ δῆμος ἀνάστατος, ἀλλὰ βασιλεύεσθαί τε συγχωροῦσιν ὑπὸ Κρεσφόντου καὶ ἀναδάσασθαι πρὸς τοὺς Δωριέας τὴν γῆν·

The sentence has two main clauses with ellipsis/coordination of infinitival complements after συγχωροῦσιν; ἀναστάτος is treated as predicate adjective with ἐγένετο.

punct punct xcomp conj nmod nsubj obj discourse amod cc cc nmod xcomp nmod det advmod obl det det advmod obl nmod obl det det root root 1 Μεσσηνίων Μεσσήνιοι / PROPN 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 τῶν ὁ / DET 4 ἀρχαίων ἀρχαῖος / ADJ 5 οὐκ οὐ / PART 6 ἐγένετο γίγνομαι / VERB 7 ὑπὸ ὑπό / ADP 8 τῶν ὁ / DET 9 Δωριέων Δωριεύς / PROPN 10 ὁ / DET 11 δῆμος δῆμος / NOUN 12 ἀνάστατος ἀνάστατος / ADJ 13 , , / PUNCT 14 ἀλλὰ ἀλλά / CCONJ 15 βασιλεύεσθαί βασιλεύω / VERB 16 τε τε / PART 17 συγχωροῦσιν συγχωρέω / VERB 18 ὑπὸ ὑπό / ADP 19 Κρεσφόντου Κρεσφόντης / PROPN 20 καὶ καί / CCONJ 21 ἀναδάσασθαι ἀναδάζω / VERB 22 πρὸς πρός / ADP 23 τοὺς ὁ / DET 24 Δωριέας Δωριεύς / PROPN 25 τὴν ὁ / DET 26 γῆν γῆ / NOUN 27 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ΜεσσηνίωνΜεσσήνιοιPROPNN-P---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur6 ἐγένετοnmodhighGenitive plural dependent of the clause, likely partitive/possessive relation to the subject.
2δὲδέPARTG--------_6 ἐγένετοdiscoursehighPostpositive discourse particle.
3τῶνDETL-P---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art4 ἀρχαίωνdethighArticle modifying ἀρχαίων.
4ἀρχαίωνἀρχαῖοςADJA-P---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur1 ΜεσσηνίωνamodhighAttributive adjective with article.
5οὐκοὐPARTD--------_6 ἐγένετοadvmodhighNegation of the finite verb.
6ἐγένετογίγνομαιVERBV-2AMI3S-Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighMain finite verb.
7ὑπὸὑπόADPR--------_6 ἐγένετοoblhighIntroduces agent phrase with passive-like semantics.
8τῶνDETL-P---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art9 ΔωριέωνdethighArticle with Δωριέων.
9ΔωριέωνΔωριεύςPROPNN-P---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur7 ὑπὸnmodhighGenitive complement of ὑπό.
10DETL-S---MS-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art11 δῆμοςdethighArticle with δῆμος.
11δῆμοςδῆμοςNOUNN-S---MS-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἐγένετοnsubjhighSubject of ἐγένετο.
12ἀνάστατοςἀνάστατοςADJA-S---MS-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 ἐγένετοxcompmediumPredicate adjective with ἐγένετο.
13,,PUNCT__6 ἐγένετοpuncthighPunctuation.
14ἀλλὰἀλλάCCONJG--------_17 συγχωροῦσινcchighCoordinates the following infinitival clause against the previous one.
15βασιλεύεσθαίβασιλεύωVERBV--PNM---Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid17 συγχωροῦσινxcomphighInfinitival complement coordinated with ἀναδάσασθαι.
16τετεPARTG--------_15 βασιλεύεσθαίadvmodmediumEnclitic particle attached to the first coordinated infinitive.
17συγχωροῦσινσυγχωρέωVERBV-PAI3P-Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighFinite verb of the second clause; governs coordinated infinitival complements.
18ὑπὸὑπόADPR--------_17 συγχωροῦσινoblhighIntroduces agent/complement with passive infinitive.
19ΚρεσφόντουΚρεσφόντηςPROPNN-S---MG-Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing18 ὑπὸnmodhighGenitive complement of ὑπό.
20καὶκαίCCONJG--------_17 συγχωροῦσινcchighCoordinates the second infinitive.
21ἀναδάσασθαιἀναδάζωVERBV--ANM---Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid15 βασιλεύεσθαίconjhighSecond coordinated infinitive.
22πρὸςπρόςADPR--------_21 ἀναδάσασθαιoblhighPreposition governing accusative object.
23τοὺςDETL-P---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art24 ΔωριέαςdethighArticle with Δωριέας.
24ΔωριέαςΔωριεύςPROPNN-P---MA-Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur22 πρὸςnmodhighAccusative complement of πρός.
25τὴνDETL-S---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art26 γῆνdethighArticle with γῆν.
26γῆνγῆNOUNN-S---FA-Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing21 ἀναδάσασθαιobjhighObject of ἀναδάσασθαι.
27··PUNCT__17 συγχωροῦσινpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 2

4.3.6 sentence 2

Tokens
19
Input
757
Output
1,476
Total
2,233

ταῦτα δέ σφισιν εἴκειν παρίστατο ὑποψίᾳ πρὸς τοὺς βασιλεύοντας, ὅτι ἦσαν ἐξ Ἰωλκοῦ τὸ ἀνέκαθεν οἱ Νηλεῖδαι.

The syntax is somewhat compressed: εἴκειν and the prepositional phrase with βασιλεύοντας depend on παρίστατο, while the ὅτι-clause explains the reason.

punct ccomp nsubj obl punct nsubj advmod discourse iobj obl case obl xcomp det ccomp case det det root 1 ταῦτα οὗτος / PRON 2 δέ δέ / PART 3 σφισιν σφεῖς / PRON 4 εἴκειν εἴκω / VERB 5 παρίστατο παρίστημι / VERB 6 ὑποψίᾳ ὑποψία / NOUN 7 πρὸς πρός / ADP 8 τοὺς ὁ / DET 9 βασιλεύοντας βασιλεύω / VERB 10 , , / PUNCT 11 ὅτι ὅτι / SCONJ 12 ἦσαν εἰμί / VERB 13 ἐξ ἐκ / ADP 14 Ἰωλκοῦ Ἰωλκός / PROPN 15 τὸ ὁ / DET 16 ἀνέκαθεν ἀνέκαθεν / ADV 17 οἱ ὁ / DET 18 Νηλεῖδαι Νηλεΐδης / PROPN 19 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ταῦταοὗτοςPRONPD--NPAN-Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Dem5 παρίστατοnsubjhighSubject of the impersonal-like construction.
2δέδέPARTG--------_5 παρίστατοdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3σφισινσφεῖςPRONP-3PD--D-Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs5 παρίστατοiobjmediumDative reference; exact syntactic role somewhat uncertain.
4εἴκεινεἴκωVERBV--PAN---Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act5 παρίστατοxcomphighComplement infinitive dependent on παρίστατο.
5παρίστατοπαρίστημιVERBV3SIIM--Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighMain verb of the sentence.
6ὑποψίᾳὑποψίαNOUNN--SFD---Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 εἴκεινoblmediumLikely dative of respect/manner modifying εἴκειν, though attachment is uncertain.
7πρὸςπρόςADPR--------_9 βασιλεύονταςcasehighPreposition governing the following accusative.
8τοὺςDETL-3PMA---Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art9 βασιλεύονταςdethighArticle with βασιλεύοντας.
9βασιλεύονταςβασιλεύωVERBV-PAP-AMACase=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act4 εἴκεινoblmediumParticipial phrase after πρός; could be substantival 'those ruling'.
10,,PUNCT__5 παρίστατοpuncthighPunctuation.
11ὅτιὅτιSCONJC--------_5 παρίστατοccomphighIntroduces the explanatory clause.
12ἦσανεἰμίVERBV3PIIA--Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act11 ὅτιccomphighVerb of the ὅτι-clause.
13ἐξἐκADPR--------_14 ἸωλκοῦcasehighPreposition.
14ἸωλκοῦἸωλκόςPROPNN-SG---N-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 ἦσανoblhighGenitive complement of ἐξ.
15τὸDETL-NSN---Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art16 ἀνέκαθενdetmediumLikely article in adverbial phrase τὸ ἀνέκαθεν.
16ἀνέκαθενἀνέκαθενADVD--------_12 ἦσανadvmodhighAdverb modifying ἦσαν.
17οἱDETL-3P-MN-Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art18 ΝηλεῖδαιdethighArticle with Νηλεῖδαι.
18ΝηλεῖδαιΝηλεΐδηςPROPNN-PMN---Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur12 ἦσανnsubjhighSubject of ἦσαν.
19..PUNCT__5 παρίστατοpuncthighPunctuation.
Sentence 3

4.3.6 sentence 3

Tokens
12
Input
673
Output
872
Total
1,545

γυναῖκα δὲ ἔσχε Κρεσφόντης Μερόπην τὴν Κυψέλου, βασιλεύοντος τότε Ἀρκάδων.

The structure is straightforward main clause plus a genitive absolute; Μερόπην τὴν Κυψέλου is best treated as the object phrase with a genitive appositive/name modifier.

punct advcl punct obj obj appos nsubj discourse nsubj det advmod root 1 γυναῖκα γυνή / NOUN 2 δὲ δέ / PART 3 ἔσχε ἔχω / VERB 4 Κρεσφόντης Κρεσφόντης / PROPN 5 Μερόπην Μερόπη / PROPN 6 τὴν ὁ / DET 7 Κυψέλου Κύψελος / PROPN 8 , , / PUNCT 9 βασιλεύοντος βασιλεύω / VERB 10 τότε τότε / ADV 11 Ἀρκάδων Ἀρκάς / PROPN 12 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1γυναῖκαγυνήNOUN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing3 ἔσχεobjhighDirect object of ἔσχε.
2δὲδέPART__3 ἔσχεdiscoursehighPostpositive connective particle.
3ἔσχεἔχωVERB_Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighMain verb of the sentence.
4ΚρεσφόντηςΚρεσφόντηςPROPN_Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing3 ἔσχεnsubjhighSubject of ἔσχε.
5ΜερόπηνΜερόπηPROPN_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing3 ἔσχεobjhighProper name in apposition with γυναῖκα.
6τὴνDET_Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art7 ΚυψέλουdethighArticle modifying Κυψέλου.
7ΚυψέλουΚύψελοςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ΜερόπηνapposhighGenitive epithet/name dependent on Μερόπην.
8,,PUNCT__3 ἔσχεpuncthighPunctuation.
9βασιλεύοντοςβασιλεύωVERB_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act3 ἔσχεadvclhighGenitive absolute participle.
10τότετότεADV__9 βασιλεύοντοςadvmodhighAdverb modifying the participle.
11ἈρκάδωνἈρκάςPROPN_Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur9 βασιλεύοντοςnsubjhighSubject of the genitive absolute.
12..PUNCT__3 ἔσχεpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
Sentence 4

4.3.6 sentence 4

Tokens
12
Input
676
Output
927
Total
1,603

ἀφʼ ἧς ἄλλοι τε δὴ παῖδες ἐγένοντο αὐτῷ καὶ νεώτατος Αἴπυτος·

The clause has a relative prepositional phrase fronted by ἀφʼ ἧς, and the latter conjunct likely means 'and the youngest, Aipytos' with apposition after the adjective.

obl punct amod conj discourse case discourse nsubj iobj cc appos root 1 ἀφʼ ἀπό / ADP 2 ἧς ὅς / PRON 3 ἄλλοι ἄλλος / ADJ 4 τε τε / PART 5 δὴ δή / PART 6 παῖδες παῖς / NOUN 7 ἐγένοντο γίγνομαι / VERB 8 αὐτῷ αὐτός / PRON 9 καὶ καί / CCONJ 10 νεώτατος νεώτατος / ADJ 11 Αἴπυτος Αἴπυτος / PROPN 12 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἀφʼἀπόADPP---G---AdpType=Prep2 ἧςcasehighElided preposition governing genitive.
2ἧςὅςPRONP-3SF--G-Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Rel7 ἐγένοντοoblhighRelative pronoun introducing the clause; genitive governed by ἀπό.
3ἄλλοιἄλλοςADJA- P MPNCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur6 παῖδεςamodhighAttributive adjective modifying παῖδες.
4τετεPARTG--------_3 ἄλλοιdiscoursemediumPostpositive connective/enclitic; attached to preceding adjective phrase.
5δὴδήPARTG--------_7 ἐγένοντοdiscoursehighEmphatic particle.
6παῖδεςπαῖςNOUNN- PMN--Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur7 ἐγένοντοnsubjhighSubject of ἐγένοντο.
7ἐγένοντογίγνομαιVERBV-3PAMI--Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighMain verb.
8αὐτῷαὐτόςPRONP-3SM-D--Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs7 ἐγένοντοiobjhighDative of possession/reference.
9καὶκαίCCONJC--------_10 νεώτατοςcchighCoordinates with the preceding nominative phrase.
10νεώτατοςνεώτατοςADJA- NSM SCase=Nom|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἐγένοντοconjhighPredicate adjective in coordination with παῖδες.
11ΑἴπυτοςΑἴπυτοςPROPNN- NSM--Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing10 νεώτατοςapposmediumProper name apposed to νεώτατος.
12··PUNCT__7 ἐγένοντοpuncthighSentence-final punctuation.
← 4.3.54.3.7 →