Grammar parses for passage 4.20.1
Open translation for this passage
ἑνδεκάτῳ δὲ ἔτει τῆς πολιορκίας τήν τε Εἶραν ἐπέπρωτο ἁλῶναι καὶ ἀναστάτους γενέσθαι Μεσσηνίους,
The syntax hinges on impersonal ἐπέπρωτο governing two coordinated infinitival complements; the second has a predicative adjective with an accusative subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἑνδεκάτῳ | ἑνδέκατος | ADJ | ADJ | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἔτει | amod | high | Ordinal adjective modifying ἔτει. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | P | _ | 9 ἐπέπρωτο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἔτει | ἔτος | NOUN | N-S---ND- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐπέπρωτο | obl | high | Dative temporal phrase dependent on ἐπέπρωτο. |
| 4 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-NSF---G- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 5 πολιορκίας | det | high | Article with πολιορκίας. |
| 5 | πολιορκίας | πολιορκία | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 ἔτει | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἔτει, expressing possession/association. |
| 6 | τήν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF---A- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Εἶραν | det | high | Article with Εἶραν. |
| 7 | τε | τε | PART | CL | _ | 6 τήν | advmod | medium | Enclitic connective coordinating the first infinitival clause with the second. |
| 8 | Εἶραν | Εἶρα | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἁλῶναι | obj | high | Accusative subject/object of ἁλῶναι in infinitival construction. |
| 9 | ἐπέπρωτο | πείρω | VERB | V3SII--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence; impersonal/passive sense 'it was destined'. |
| 10 | ἁλῶναι | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V-AN--N-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 9 ἐπέπρωτο | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive dependent on ἐπέπρωτο. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 10 ἁλῶναι | cc | high | Coordinates the two infinitival complements. |
| 12 | ἀναστάτους | ἀνάστατος | ADJ | A-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 γενέσθαι | xcomp | medium | Predicative adjective with infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 13 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-ANM---- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 9 ἐπέπρωτο | xcomp | high | Second complement infinitive dependent on ἐπέπρωτο. |
| 14 | Μεσσηνίους | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-P---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 γενέσθαι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of infinitival γενέσθαι; appositional to ἀναστάτους in sense. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐπέπρωτο | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
εὖτε τράγος πίνῃσι Νέδης ἑλικόρροον ὕδωρ, οὐκέτι Μεσσήνην ῥύομαι· σχεδόθεν γὰρ ὄλεθρος.
The final ὄλεθρος is a compressed nominal clause/parataxis; syntactically it is not fully explicit whether an implied copula is intended.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εὖτε | εὖτε | SCONJ | _ | _ | 10 ῥύομαι | mark | high | Temporal/conditional subordinating conjunction introducing the clause. |
| 2 | τράγος | τράγος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 3 πίνῃσι | nsubj | high | Subject of πίνῃσι. |
| 3 | πίνῃσι | πίνω | VERB | _ | Mood=Subjunctive|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 10 ῥύομαι | advcl | medium | Finite verb in the temporal clause; form likely subjunctive with epic/dialectal ending. |
| 4 | Νέδης | Νέδη | PROPN | _ | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 6 ὕδωρ | nmod | high | Genitive complement modifying ὕδωρ. |
| 5 | ἑλικόρροον | ἑλικόρροος | ADJ | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 6 ὕδωρ | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ὕδωρ. |
| 6 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 3 πίνῃσι | obj | high | Direct object of πίνῃσι. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ῥύομαι | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 8 | οὐκέτι | οὐκέτι | ADV | _ | _ | 10 ῥύομαι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ῥύομαι. |
| 9 | Μεσσήνην | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | _ | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 10 ῥύομαι | obj | high | Object of ῥύομαι. |
| 10 | ῥύομαι | ῥύομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=1|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main clause verb. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ῥύομαι | punct | high | Mid-dot punctuation. |
| 12 | σχεδόθεν | σχεδόθεν | ADV | _ | _ | 14 ὄλεθρος | advmod | high | Sentence adverb modifying ὄλεθρος. |
| 13 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 14 ὄλεθρος | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 14 | ὄλεθρος | ὄλεθρος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 10 ῥύομαι | parataxis | medium | Fragmentary nominal clause; interpreted as predicative/paratactic statement 'destruction is near'. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ῥύομαι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |