Grammar parses for passage 4.20.3
Open translation for this passage
θεασάμενος δὲ ὁ μάντις Θέοκλος συνεβάλετο ὡς τὸν τράγον τὸν πίνοντα ἐκ τῆς Νέδας προεῖπεν ἡ Πυθία τὸν ἐρινεὸν τοῦτον καὶ ὡς ἤδη Μεσσηνίοις ἥκει τὸ χρεών·
θεασάμενος is a circumstantial participle with μάντις as subject; συνεβάλετο takes two ὡς-complement clauses, the first containing the quoted/proleptic object τὸν τράγον and the second reporting the oracle's prediction. The exact attachment of the first ὡς clause is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θεασάμενος | θεάομαι | VERB | VAAM-S---NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 6 συνεβάλετο | advcl | high | Circumstantial aorist middle participle, subject shared with μάντις. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 6 συνεβάλετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA--NSM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 μάντις | det | high | |
| 4 | μάντις | μάντις | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 συνεβάλετο | nsubj | high | Subject of συνεβάλετο. |
| 5 | Θέοκλος | Θέοκλος | PROPN | Ne----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 μάντις | appos | high | Personal name in apposition to μάντις. |
| 6 | συνεβάλετο | συμβάλλομαι | VERB | VAMI3S--- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate. |
| 7 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 6 συνεβάλετο | mark | medium | Introduces the first content/comparison-like clause; syntax is elliptical. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASM- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 τράγον | det | high | |
| 9 | τράγον | τράγος | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 προεῖπεν | obj | medium | Accusative object associated with προεῖπεν; left-dislocated or proleptic across the first ὡς clause. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASM- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 πίνοντα | det | high | |
| 11 | πίνοντα | πίνω | VERB | VPAP-S---ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Participle|Number=Sing|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 9 τράγον | acl | high | Attributive participle modifying τράγον. |
| 12 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P-------- | _ | 11 πίνοντα | case | high | |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA--GSF- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Νέδας | det | high | |
| 14 | Νέδας | Νέδα | PROPN | Ne----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πίνοντα | obl | high | Source complement of πίνοντα. |
| 15 | προεῖπεν | προαγορεύω | VERB | VAAI3S--- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 7 ὡς | conj | medium | Predicate inside the first ὡς-linked report; subject is ἡ Πυθία. |
| 16 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA--NSF- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Πυθία | det | high | |
| 17 | Πυθία | Πυθία | PROPN | Ne----NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 προεῖπεν | nsubj | high | Subject of προεῖπεν. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASM- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐρινεὸν | det | high | |
| 19 | ἐρινεὸν | ἐρινεός | NOUN | N----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 προεῖπεν | obj | high | Object of προεῖπεν. |
| 20 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | RD--ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐρινεὸν | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ἐρινεόν. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 22 ὡς | cc | high | Coordinates the two ὡς clauses. |
| 22 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 25 ἥκει | mark | high | Introduces the second content clause. |
| 23 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 25 ἥκει | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 24 | Μεσσηνίοις | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | Ne----DPM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἥκει | iobj | high | Dative of reference/experiencer with ἥκει. |
| 25 | ἥκει | ἥκω | VERB | VPAI3S--- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 22 ὡς | advcl | high | Predicate of the second ὡς clause. |
| 26 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA--NSN- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 χρεών | det | high | |
| 27 | χρεών | χρεών | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἥκει | nsubj | medium | Substantivized neuter expression, ‘what is destined/necessary’; nominative subject of ἥκει. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 συνεβάλετο | punct | high |
καὶ ἐς μὲν τοὺς ἄλλους εἶχεν ἐν ἀπορρήτῳ, Ἀριστομένην δὲ πρός τε τὸν ἐρινεὸν ἤγαγε καὶ ἀνεδίδασκεν ὡς τῆς σωτηρίας ἐξήκοι σφίσιν ὁ χρόνος.
The sentence has two coordinated main predicates (ἤγαγε ... καὶ ἀνεδίδασκεν); ὡς introduces the content clause governed by ἀνεδίδασκεν, with χρόνος as subject of the idiomatic ἐξήκοι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 εἶχεν | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 6 εἶχεν | case | high | Epic/poetic form of εἰς. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 6 εἶχεν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with δέ. |
| 4 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἄλλους | det | high | |
| 5 | ἄλλους | ἄλλος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 εἶχεν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective, object of εἶχεν. |
| 6 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 8 ἀπορρήτῳ | case | high | |
| 8 | ἀπορρήτῳ | ἀπόρρητος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 εἶχεν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective: ‘in secrecy’. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἶχεν | punct | high | |
| 10 | Ἀριστομένην | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἤγαγε | obj | high | |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 ἤγαγε | cc | high | Contrasts the preceding τοὺς ἄλλους. |
| 12 | πρός | πρός | ADP | _ | _ | 15 ἐρινεὸν | case | high | |
| 13 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 16 ἤγαγε | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἐρινεὸν | det | high | |
| 15 | ἐρινεὸν | ἐρινεός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἤγαγε | obl | high | Destination with πρός. |
| 16 | ἤγαγε | ἄγω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 εἶχεν | conj | high | Coordinated with ἀνεδίδασκεν. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 18 ἀνεδίδασκεν | cc | high | Coordinates ἀνεδίδασκεν with ἤγαγε. |
| 18 | ἀνεδίδασκεν | ἀναδιδάσκω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 16 ἤγαγε | conj | high | Coordinated verb; subject is implicit. |
| 19 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ἐξήκοι | mark | high | Introduces content clause. |
| 20 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 σωτηρίας | det | high | |
| 21 | σωτηρίας | σωτηρία | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἐξήκοι | obl | high | Genitive with ἐξήκοι, likely partitive/ablatival. |
| 22 | ἐξήκοι | ἐξήκω | VERB | _ | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 18 ἀνεδίδασκεν | ccomp | medium | Optative in ὡς-content clause; idiomatically ‘the time had reached/come for salvation’. |
| 23 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 22 ἐξήκοι | iobj | high | |
| 24 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 25 χρόνος | det | high | |
| 25 | χρόνος | χρόνος | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐξήκοι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐξήκοι. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἶχεν | punct | high |
Ἀριστομένης δὲ ἔχειν οὕτω πείθεται καὶ ἀναβολὴν οὐκέτι εἶναί σφισι, προενοήσατο δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῶν παρόντων.
Ἀριστομένης is the subject of πείθεται, with an accusative-and-infinitive complement (ἔχειν ... εἶναι); προενοήσατο coordinates as a second finite predicate, with τῶν παρόντων substantivized after ἐκ. The exact force of ἔχειν οὕτω is somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστομένης | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πείθεται | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 5 πείθεται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | v--pan--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 πείθεται | ccomp | medium | Infinitive in the complement of πείθεται; exact semantic relation is context-sensitive. |
| 4 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | d-------- | _ | 3 ἔχειν | advmod | high | |
| 5 | πείθεται | πείθω | VERB | v3spie--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle voice: ‘is persuaded’/‘comes to the conclusion’. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 12 προενοήσατο | cc | medium | Coordinates προενοήσατο with the preceding finite predicate. |
| 7 | ἀναβολὴν | ἀναβολή | NOUN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 εἶναί | nsubj | medium | Subject of εἶναι in the accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 8 | οὐκέτι | οὐκέτι | ADV | d-------- | _ | 9 εἶναί | advmod | high | |
| 9 | εἶναί | εἰμί | AUX | v--pna--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ἔχειν | xcomp | high | Infinitive dependent on ἔχειν within the reported content. |
| 10 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | p-------- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 εἶναί | iobj | medium | Dative of possession or reference with εἶναι. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 προενοήσατο | punct | high | |
| 12 | προενοήσατο | προνοέω | VERB | v3saie--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 5 πείθεται | conj | high | Aorist middle; prefixed form προενοέω. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 12 προενοήσατο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 17 παρόντων | cc | medium | Coordinates παρόντων with the understood/preceding material after ἐκ; potentially connective adverb in context. |
| 15 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | r-------- | _ | 12 προενοήσατο | obl | high | |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | l-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 παρόντων | det | high | |
| 17 | παρόντων | πάρειμι | VERB | v-papmng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἐκ | obl | medium | Substantivized present participle: ‘the things/resources at hand’; καί may coordinate this phrase with omitted or contextually supplied material. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 πείθεται | punct | high |