Grammar parses for passage 4.20.3
Open translation for this passage
θεασάμενος δὲ ὁ μάντις Θέοκλος συνεβάλετο ὡς τὸν τράγον τὸν πίνοντα ἐκ τῆς Νέδας προεῖπεν ἡ Πυθία τὸν ἐρινεὸν τοῦτον καὶ ὡς ἤδη Μεσσηνίοις ἥκει τὸ χρεών·
The sentence has a main verb with two ὡς-introduced content clauses; the second uses the idiomatic impersonal subject τὸ χρεών with ἥκει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | θεασάμενος | θεάομαι | VERB | V-AMP-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 6 συνεβάλετο | advcl | high | Participial clause modifying συνεβάλετο. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 6 συνεβάλετο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 μάντις | det | high | Article modifying μάντις. |
| 4 | μάντις | μάντις | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 συνεβάλετο | nsubj | high | Subject of συνεβάλετο. |
| 5 | Θέοκλος | Θέοκλος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 μάντις | appos | high | Proper name in apposition to μάντις. |
| 6 | συνεβάλετο | συμβάλλομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 7 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 15 προεῖπεν | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement/comparison content. |
| 8 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 τράγον | det | high | Article modifying τράγον. |
| 9 | τράγον | τράγος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 προεῖπεν | obj | high | Object of προεῖπεν. |
| 10 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 πίνοντα | det | high | Article modifying πίνοντα. |
| 11 | πίνοντα | πίνω | VERB | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 τράγον | acl | high | Participle modifying τράγον. |
| 12 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 14 Νέδας | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 13 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 Νέδας | det | high | Article modifying Νέδας. |
| 14 | Νέδας | Νέδα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 πίνοντα | obl | high | Oblique complement of πίνοντα with ἐκ. |
| 15 | προεῖπεν | προεῖπον | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 6 συνεβάλετο | ccomp | high | Content clause governed by συνεβάλετο. |
| 16 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Πυθία | det | high | Article modifying Πυθία. |
| 17 | Πυθία | Πυθία | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 προεῖπεν | nsubj | high | Subject of προεῖπεν. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐρινεὸν | det | high | Article modifying ἐρινεὸν. |
| 19 | ἐρινεὸν | ἐρινεός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 προεῖπεν | obj | high | Object of προεῖπεν. |
| 20 | τοῦτον | οὗτος | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 ἐρινεὸν | det | high | Demonstrative modifying ἐρινεὸν. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 προεῖπεν | cc | high | Coordinates the δεύτερον ὡς-clause with the first. |
| 22 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 25 ἥκει | mark | high | Introduces second content clause. |
| 23 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | _ | _ | 25 ἥκει | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἥκει. |
| 24 | Μεσσηνίοις | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 ἥκει | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary with ἥκει. |
| 25 | ἥκει | ἥκω | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 προεῖπεν | ccomp | high | Second content clause introduced by ὡς. |
| 26 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 27 χρεών | det | high | Article with substantivized χρεών. |
| 27 | χρεών | χρεών | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ἥκει | nsubj | medium | Predicate/subject with ἥκει; treated as nominal subject in this context. |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 συνεβάλετο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
καὶ ἐς μὲν τοὺς ἄλλους εἶχεν ἐν ἀπορρήτῳ, Ἀριστομένην δὲ πρός τε τὸν ἐρινεὸν ἤγαγε καὶ ἀνεδίδασκεν ὡς τῆς σωτηρίας ἐξήκοι σφίσιν ὁ χρόνος.
The sentence has coordination of main predicates (εἶχεν, ἤγαγε, ἀνεδίδασκεν) and an indirect clause introduced by ὡς with optative ἐξήκοι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 εἶχεν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking clauses. |
| 2 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 εἶχεν | case | high | Preposition with accusative complement. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 6 εἶχεν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 4 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | AR | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 ἄλλους | det | high | Article modifying ἄλλους. |
| 5 | ἄλλους | ἄλλος | ADJ | A---APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 εἶχεν | obj | high | Accusative object of εἶχεν with preposition ἐς. |
| 6 | εἶχεν | ἔχω | VERB | VIAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 εἶχεν | case | high | Preposition. |
| 8 | ἀπορρήτῳ | ἀπόρρητος | ADJ | A---DSN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 εἶχεν | obl | medium | Likely adverbial/oblique expression with ἐν, 'in secret'. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 εἶχεν | punct | high | Comma. |
| 10 | Ἀριστομένην | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | Ne- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἤγαγε | obj | high | Accusative direct object of ἤγαγε. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 16 ἤγαγε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 12 | πρός | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 ἤγαγε | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 13 | τε | τε | PART | PART | _ | 12 πρός | fixed | high | Enclitic particle in πρός τε. |
| 14 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | AR | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 ἐρινεὸν | det | high | Article modifying ἐρινεόν. |
| 15 | ἐρινεὸν | ἐρινεός | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἤγαγε | obl | high | Object of πρός in directional phrase. |
| 16 | ἤγαγε | ἄγω | VERB | VAAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb; sentence has coordinated main predicates. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἀνεδίδασκεν | cc | high | Coordinates ἀνεδίδασκεν with ἤγαγε. |
| 18 | ἀνεδίδασκεν | ἀναδιδάσκω | VERB | VIAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 16 ἤγαγε | conj | high | Coordinated imperfect verb. |
| 19 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἐξήκοι | mark | high | Introduces indirect statement/clause. |
| 20 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | AR | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 σωτηρίας | det | high | Article modifying σωτηρίας. |
| 21 | σωτηρίας | σωτηρία | NOUN | N-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἐξήκοι | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of χρόνος. |
| 22 | ἐξήκοι | ἐξικνέομαι | VERB | V-API3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 18 ἀνεδίδασκεν | ccomp | medium | Optative in indirect discourse after ὡς; lemma and voice somewhat uncertain. |
| 23 | σφίσιν | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3PD--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 22 ἐξήκοι | iobj | high | Dative recipient/advantage. |
| 24 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | AR | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 25 χρόνος | det | high | Article modifying χρόνος. |
| 25 | χρόνος | χρόνος | NOUN | N-S---MN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἐξήκοι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐξήκοι. |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἤγαγε | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
Ἀριστομένης δὲ ἔχειν οὕτω πείθεται καὶ ἀναβολὴν οὐκέτι εἶναί σφισι, προενοήσατο δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῶν παρόντων.
The sentence appears to contain two main clauses: πείθεται with infinitival complements, then προενοήσατο with a prepositional phrase; the infinitival syntax is somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστομένης | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 πείθεται | nsubj | high | Subject of πείθεται. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 πείθεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 πείθεται | xcomp | medium | Complementary infinitive with πείθεται; syntax somewhat elliptical. |
| 4 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | _ | _ | 5 πείθεται | advmod | high | Modifies πείθεται. |
| 5 | πείθεται | πείθω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb of first clause. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 εἶναί | cc | high | Coordinates the infinitive clause element. |
| 7 | ἀναβολὴν | ἀναβολή | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 εἶναί | nsubj | medium | Subject of infinitive εἶναί in accusative-and-infinitive construction. |
| 8 | οὐκέτι | οὐκέτι | ADV | _ | _ | 9 εἶναί | advmod | high | Negating adverb. |
| 9 | εἶναί | εἰμί | VERB | _ | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 3 ἔχειν | conj | medium | Second infinitival complement coordinated with ἔχειν. |
| 10 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 εἶναί | obl | medium | Dative of reference/interest with εἶναί. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 προενοήσατο | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 12 | προενοήσατο | προεννοέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb; likely another clause in sequence. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 12 προενοήσατο | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 15 ἐκ | cc | high | Connective within prepositional phrase. |
| 15 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 12 προενοήσατο | obl | high | Prepositional phrase dependent on προενοήσατο. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 παρόντων | det | high | Article modifying παρόντων. |
| 17 | παρόντων | πάρειμι | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἐκ | obj | medium | Participle used substantively after ἐκ; could be analyzed as obl/obj-like nominal complement. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 προενοήσατο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |