Grammar parses for passage 4.20.5
Open translation for this passage
μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο τοῖς Μεσσηνίοις ἤρχετο, καθὸ καὶ Τρωσὶν ἔτι πρότερον, γίνεσθαι κακὰ ἀπὸ μοιχείας.
ἤρχετο is impersonal here (‘began/started’), with the infinitive γίνεσθαι as its complement; τοῖς Μεσσηνίοις and Τρωσὶν are dative experiencer/affected-group complements. καθὸ introduces a comparative parallel (‘as also earlier for the Trojans’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 3 τοῦτο | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 6 ἤρχετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PD-SNA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἤρχετο | obl | high | Accusative temporal phrase with μετά. |
| 4 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | DA-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Μεσσηνίοις | det | high | |
| 5 | Μεσσηνίοις | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | NE-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἤρχετο | iobj | high | Dative group affected/experiencer with impersonal ἤρχετο. |
| 6 | ἤρχετο | ἄρχω | VERB | V3S-IAM-PI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Impersonal middle, ‘it began’; subject is the following infinitival clause. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἤρχετο | punct | high | |
| 8 | καθὸ | καθό | SCONJ | ADV | _ | 6 ἤρχετο | advmod | medium | Comparative/parallel subordinating adverb, ‘as/insofar as’. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 Τρωσὶν | cc | high | Coordinates the omitted parallel predicate with the Trojans. |
| 10 | Τρωσὶν | Τρώς | PROPN | NE-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἤρχετο | obl | medium | Dative in the parallel comparative clause; exact attachment is elliptical. |
| 11 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | ADV | _ | 12 πρότερον | advmod | high | |
| 12 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 6 ἤρχετο | advmod | high | Adverbial comparative, ‘earlier/before’. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἤρχετο | punct | high | |
| 14 | γίνεσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-PMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Middle | 6 ἤρχετο | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of impersonal ἤρχετο. |
| 15 | κακὰ | κακός | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 γίνεσθαι | nsubj | high | Neuter plural subject of the infinitive, ‘evils/troubles’. |
| 16 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | AdpType=Prep | 17 μοιχείας | case | high | |
| 17 | μοιχείας | μοιχεία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 γίνεσθαι | obl | high | Source/cause phrase, ‘from/because of adultery’. |
| 18 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἤρχετο | punct | high |