Grammar parses for passage 4.20.7
Open translation for this passage
τὸ γὰρ ὕδωρ ἐβιάζετο σφᾶς ἀθρόον ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καταχεόμενον, οὔτε ἐπάλξεων ἐνῳκοδομημένων οὔτε πύργων ὑπὸ σπουδῆς τοῦ τειχισμοῦ, καὶ ἅμα οὐδὲ κινήσεσθαι τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους ἤλπιζον ἐν ἀσελήνῳ νυκτὶ καὶ οὕτω χειμερίῳ.
The first clause is syntactically dense: ἐνῳκοδομημένων likely forms a genitive absolute or participial adjunct with the correlative οὔτε...οὔτε phrases, while the final clause is clearer with ἤλπιζον governing an accusative-infinitive construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ὕδωρ | det | high | Article with ὕδωρ. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐβιάζετο | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐβιάζετο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐβιάζετο. |
| 4 | ἐβιάζετο | βιάζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 5 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 4 ἐβιάζετο | obj | high | Likely object of ἐβιάζετο. |
| 6 | ἀθρόον | ἀθρόος | ADV | _ | _ | 4 ἐβιάζετο | advmod | medium | Adverbial use; could be accusative adverbial in form. |
| 7 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | _ | _ | 9 οὐρανοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 οὐρανοῦ | det | high | Article with οὐρανοῦ. |
| 9 | οὐρανοῦ | οὐρανός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 καταχεόμενον | obl | high | Object of ἐκ. |
| 10 | καταχεόμενον | καταχέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 3 ὕδωρ | amod | medium | Participial modifier of ὕδωρ; agreeing neuter singular. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐβιάζετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 12 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐβιάζετο | cc | high | Correlative conjunction. |
| 13 | ἐπάλξεων | ἐπάλξις | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἐνῳκοδομημένων | nsubj:pass | medium | Likely subject of passive participle. |
| 14 | ἐνῳκοδομημένων | ἐνοικοδομέω | VERB | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 καταχεόμενον | advcl | medium | Participial phrase modifying the prior clause; exact attachment uncertain. |
| 15 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 ἐβιάζετο | cc | high | Second correlative conjunction. |
| 16 | πύργων | πύργος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἐνῳκοδομημένων | nsubj:pass | low | Likely parallel genitive subject with ἐνῳκοδομημένων. |
| 17 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | _ | _ | 18 σπουδῆς | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 18 | σπουδῆς | σπουδή | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 τειχισμοῦ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent of τειχισμοῦ. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 τειχισμοῦ | det | high | Article with τειχισμοῦ. |
| 20 | τειχισμοῦ | τειχισμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐνῳκοδομημένων | obl | medium | Genitive phrase attached within the participial construction. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐβιάζετο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 28 ἤλπιζον | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction for the next clause. |
| 23 | ἅμα | ἅμα | ADV | _ | _ | 28 ἤλπιζον | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἤλπιζον. |
| 24 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | PART | _ | _ | 25 κινήσεσθαι | advmod | high | Negative particle modifying infinitive. |
| 25 | κινήσεσθαι | κινέω | VERB | _ | Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 28 ἤλπιζον | ccomp | high | Complement infinitive of hoping. |
| 26 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | high | Article with Λακεδαιμονίους. |
| 27 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 κινήσεσθαι | obj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive. |
| 28 | ἤλπιζον | ἐλπίζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb; plural subject is implicit. |
| 29 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 31 νυκτὶ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 30 | ἀσελήνῳ | ἀσέληνος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 νυκτὶ | amod | high | Adjective modifying νυκτὶ. |
| 31 | νυκτὶ | νύξ | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἤλπιζον | obl | high | Locative/temporal oblique with ἐν. |
| 32 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 33 οὕτω | cc | high | Connects the two adverbs/adjectival modifiers. |
| 33 | οὕτω | οὕτω | ADV | _ | _ | 28 ἤλπιζον | advmod | high | Manner adverb modifying ἤλπιζον. |
| 34 | χειμερίῳ | χειμέριος | ADJ | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 νυκτὶ | amod | high | Additional modifier of νυκτὶ. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἤλπιζον | punct | high | Punctuation. |