Grammar parses for passage 4.21.10
Open translation for this passage
παραστὰς οὖν ὁ μάντις Θέοκλος πρὸς Ἀριστομένην εἶπε· "τί μάτην τόνδε ἔχεις τὸν πόνον;
Participial παραστὰς is subordinate to εἶπε; Θέοκλος is the subject of εἶπε and μάντις is its appositive. The quoted question has τί as a substantival accusative object of ἔχεις, with τόνδε...τὸν πόνον as a second accusative object/predicative object phrase; the exact construction is mildly uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παραστὰς | παρίστημι | VERB | AAP-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Mood=Participle|Number=Singular|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 8 εἶπε | advcl | high | Aorist active participle, circumstantial to εἶπε. |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | ADV | _ | 8 εἶπε | advmod | high | Inferential connective. |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 4 μάντις | det | high | |
| 4 | μάντις | μάντις | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 5 Θέοκλος | appos | high | Apposition to the personal name. |
| 5 | Θέοκλος | Θέοκλος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 8 εἶπε | nsubj | high | Subject of εἶπε. |
| 6 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | P | _ | 7 Ἀριστομένην | case | high | |
| 7 | Ἀριστομένην | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 8 εἶπε | obl | high | Addressee with πρός. |
| 8 | εἶπε | λέγω | VERB | V-3SAI | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Third|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main-clause verb. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἶπε | punct | high | |
| 10 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἔχεις | punct | high | Opening quotation mark. |
| 11 | τί | τίς | PRON | P-ASN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Singular | 14 ἔχεις | obj | medium | Substantival interrogative accusative; possibly analyzed as an idiomatic object alongside τόνδε...πόνον. |
| 12 | μάτην | μάτην | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 ἔχεις | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχεις. |
| 13 | τόνδε | ὅδε | DET | D-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 16 πόνον | det | high | Demonstrative determiner. |
| 14 | ἔχεις | ἔχω | VERB | V-2PAI | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=Second|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 8 εἶπε | ccomp | high | Finite verb of the quoted direct question. |
| 15 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 16 πόνον | det | high | |
| 16 | πόνον | πόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 14 ἔχεις | obj | high | Accusative object of ἔχεις. |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἔχεις | punct | high |
ἁλῶναι Μεσσήνην πάντως ἐστὶ πεπρωμένον, συμφορὰν δὲ τὴν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς πάλαι τε ἡμῖν προεσήμαινεν ἡ Πυθία καὶ ἔναγχος ὁ ἐρινεὸς ἔδειξεν.
Infinitival subject ἁλῶναι Μεσσήνην is governed by impersonal πεπρωμένον ἐστίν; συμφοράν is a coordinated accusative object/topic, with τὴν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖς modifying it. The adverbs πάλαι and ἔναγχος contrast the earlier oracle with the recent omen. ἡ Πυθία and ὁ ἐρινεός are coordinated subjects of προεσήμαινεν and ἔδειξεν respectively.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἁλῶναι | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V--ANM-- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 5 πεπρωμένον | nsubj | high | Articular/subject infinitive in the passive aorist. |
| 2 | Μεσσήνην | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | Ne-S-A--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 ἁλῶναι | obj | high | Accusative object of the infinitive. |
| 3 | πάντως | πάντως | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 πεπρωμένον | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | AUX | V--SPI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 5 πεπρωμένον | cop | high | Copula with predicative πεπρωμένον. |
| 5 | πεπρωμένον | πορθέω | VERB | V-RPP-SNA- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal neuter participial predicate. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 πεπρωμένον | punct | high | |
| 7 | συμφορὰν | συμφορά | NOUN | N-S-A--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 προεσήμαινεν | obj | medium | Accusative object of προεσήμαινεν/ἔδειξεν by shared coordination; semantically the foretold misfortune. |
| 8 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 προεσήμαινεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 9 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S-AF---S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 συμφορὰν | det | high | |
| 10 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 ὀφθαλμοῖς | case | high | |
| 11 | ὀφθαλμοῖς | ὀφθαλμός | NOUN | N-DM---P- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 συμφορὰν | nmod | high | Prepositional modifier of τὴν συμφοράν. |
| 12 | πάλαι | πάλαι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 15 προεσήμαινεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb modifying προεσήμαινεν. |
| 13 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 15 προεσήμαινεν | cc | high | Correlative coordinator with καί. |
| 14 | ἡμῖν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1-D---P- | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=1 | 15 προεσήμαινεν | iobj | high | Dative recipient/experiencer. |
| 15 | προεσήμαινεν | προσημαίνω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 5 πεπρωμένον | parataxis | medium | First coordinated finite verb; relation to the following ἔδειξεν is syntactically loose. |
| 16 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | S-NF---S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Πυθία | det | high | |
| 17 | Πυθία | Πυθία | PROPN | Ne-S-N--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 προεσήμαινεν | nsubj | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ἔδειξεν | cc | high | Coordinates ἔδειξεν with προεσήμαινεν. |
| 19 | ἔναγχος | ἔναγχος | ADV | D-------- | _ | 22 ἔδειξεν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb meaning recently. |
| 20 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | S-NM---S- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐρινεὸς | det | high | |
| 21 | ἐρινεὸς | ἐρινεός | NOUN | N-S-N--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἔδειξεν | nsubj | high | Fig tree as the omen's subject. |
| 22 | ἔδειξεν | δείκνυμι | VERB | V-AAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 προεσήμαινεν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite verb. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 πεπρωμένον | punct | high |