Grammar parses for passage 4.21.4
Open translation for this passage
τοῖς μὲν γὰρ ἡ ἀπειρία τῶν τόπων καὶ ἡ τόλμα τοῦ Ἀριστομένους παρεῖχε μελλησμόν, τοῖς δὲ Μεσσηνίοις οὔτε παρὰ τῶν στρατηγῶν σύνθημα ἐγεγόνει φθάνοντας εἰληφέναι τάς τε δᾷδας, ἢ εἴ τινα λαμπτῆρα ἀλλοῖον ἅψαιτό τις, ὕων ἂν ἐσβέννυεν ὁ θεός.
The sentence has two main clauses (παρεῖχε and ἐγεγόνει) and a final conditional/relative-like clause with ἄν; attachment of the participles φθάνοντας and ὕων is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀπειρία | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 1 τοῖς | discourse | high | |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 13 παρεῖχε | discourse | high | |
| 4 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀπειρία | det | high | |
| 5 | ἀπειρία | ἀπειρία | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 παρεῖχε | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 τόπων | det | high | |
| 7 | τόπων | τόπος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἀπειρία | nmod | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 10 τόλμα | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 τόλμα | det | high | |
| 10 | τόλμα | τόλμα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀπειρία | conj | high | |
| 11 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἀριστομένους | det | high | |
| 12 | Ἀριστομένους | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 τόλμα | nmod | high | |
| 13 | παρεῖχε | παρέχω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | μελλησμόν | μελλησμός | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 παρεῖχε | obj | high | |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 παρεῖχε | punct | high | |
| 16 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 Μεσσηνίοις | det | high | |
| 17 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 18 Μεσσηνίοις | discourse | high | |
| 18 | Μεσσηνίοις | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 ἐγεγόνει | iobj | medium | Proper adjective used substantively; function taken as dative recipient/experiencer. |
| 19 | οὔτε | οὔτε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 ἐγεγόνει | cc | high | |
| 20 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | _ | _ | 22 στρατηγῶν | case | high | |
| 21 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 στρατηγῶν | det | high | |
| 22 | στρατηγῶν | στρατηγός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 παρὰ | nmod | high | |
| 23 | σύνθημα | σύνθημα | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἐγεγόνει | nsubj | high | Neuter singular subject with pluperfect verb. |
| 24 | ἐγεγόνει | γίγνομαι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Plus|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 25 | φθάνοντας | φθάνω | VERB | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 26 εἰληφέναι | advcl | medium | Likely participle dependent on infinitive; exact attachment uncertain. |
| 26 | εἰληφέναι | λαμβάνω | VERB | _ | Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 24 ἐγεγόνει | xcomp | high | |
| 27 | τάς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 δᾷδας | det | high | |
| 28 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 29 δᾷδας | discourse | high | |
| 29 | δᾷδας | δαΐς | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 26 εἰληφέναι | obj | high | |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἐγεγόνει | punct | high | |
| 31 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 41 ἐσβέννυεν | cc | high | |
| 32 | εἴ | εἰ | SCONJ | _ | _ | 36 ἅψαιτό | mark | high | |
| 33 | τινα | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 34 λαμπτῆρα | det | medium | Could be pronominal adjective modifying λαμπτῆρα. |
| 34 | λαμπτῆρα | λαμπτήρ | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 36 ἅψαιτό | obj | high | |
| 35 | ἀλλοῖον | ἀλλοῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 34 λαμπτῆρα | amod | high | |
| 36 | ἅψαιτό | ἅπτω | VERB | _ | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 41 ἐσβέννυεν | advcl | high | |
| 37 | τις | τις | PRON | _ | Case=Nom|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 36 ἅψαιτό | nsubj | high | |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 ἅψαιτό | punct | high | |
| 39 | ὕων | ὕω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 41 ἐσβέννυεν | advcl | medium | Participial clause modifying the main verb; subject understood as ὁ θεός. |
| 40 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | _ | _ | 41 ἐσβέννυεν | advmod | high | |
| 41 | ἐσβέννυεν | σβέννυμι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 42 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 43 θεός | det | high | |
| 43 | θεός | θεός | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 39 ὕων | nsubj | high | Likely subject of ὕων, though semantic relation to ἐσβέννυεν is causal. |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 41 ἐσβέννυεν | punct | high |