Grammar parses for passage 4.21.5
Open translation for this passage
ἐπειδὴ δὲ ἡμέρα τε ἦν καὶ ἀλλήλους καθορᾶν ἐδύναντο, ἐνταῦθα Ἀριστομένης καὶ Θέοκλος ἐπειρῶντο ἐς πᾶσαν ἀπόνοιαν προάγειν τοὺς Μεσσηνίους, ἄλλα τε ὁπόσα εἰκὸς ἦν διδάσκοντες καὶ Σμυρναίων τὰ τολμήματα ἀναμιμνήσκοντες, ὡς Ἰώνων μοῖρα ὄντες Γύγην τὸν Δασκύλου καὶ Λυδοὺς ἔχοντας σφῶν τὴν πόλιν ὑπὸ ἀρετῆς καὶ προθυμίας ἐκβάλοιεν.
Main predicate ἐπειρῶντο governs the infinitive προάγειν and coordinated circumstantial participles; the final ὡς-clause is analyzed as content/complement of ἐπειρῶντο via ἐκβάλοιεν, though its exact discourse force is somewhat ambiguous.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐπειδὴ | ἐπειδή | SCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | mark | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἡμέρα | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N--NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 καὶ | cc | high | |
| 5 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IIM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 15 ἐπειρῶντο | advcl | high | Impersonal/existential clause coordinated with the following clause. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 ἐδύναντο | cc | high | |
| 7 | ἀλλήλους | ἀλλήλων | PRON | P-RPA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rcp | 8 καθορᾶν | obj | high | |
| 8 | καθορᾶν | καθοράω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 9 ἐδύναντο | xcomp | high | |
| 9 | ἐδύναντο | δύναμαι | VERB | V-IIM-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 5 ἦν | conj | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐδύναντο | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | PronType=Dem | 15 ἐπειρῶντο | advmod | high | |
| 12 | Ἀριστομένης | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἐπειρῶντο | nsubj | high | |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 14 Θέοκλος | cc | high | |
| 14 | Θέοκλος | Θέοκλος | PROPN | N--NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Ἀριστομένης | conj | high | |
| 15 | ἐπειρῶντο | πειράω | VERB | V-IIM-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 18 ἀπόνοιαν | case | high | |
| 17 | πᾶσαν | πᾶς | ADJ | A--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἀπόνοιαν | amod | high | |
| 18 | ἀπόνοιαν | ἀπόνοια | NOUN | N--ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 προάγειν | obl | high | |
| 19 | προάγειν | προάγω | VERB | V-PNA | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 15 ἐπειρῶντο | xcomp | high | |
| 20 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-APM- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 Μεσσηνίους | det | high | |
| 21 | Μεσσηνίους | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 προάγειν | obj | high | |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 προάγειν | punct | high | |
| 23 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 διδάσκοντες | obj | medium | Substantival neuter plural, coordinated with τὰ τολμήματα. |
| 24 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 29 καὶ | cc | high | |
| 25 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | PRON | P-NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 26 εἰκὸς | nsubj | medium | Relative quantitative neuter plural. |
| 26 | εἰκὸς | εἰκός | ADJ | A-NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 ἦν | pred | medium | Neuter plural lexicalized expression with ἦν. |
| 27 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IIM-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 28 διδάσκοντες | acl:relcl | medium | Singular with neuter plural subject in impersonal expression. |
| 28 | διδάσκοντες | διδάσκω | VERB | V-PPN-3P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἐπειρῶντο | advcl | high | |
| 29 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 33 ἀναμιμνήσκοντες | cc | high | |
| 30 | Σμυρναίων | Σμυρναῖος | PROPN | N-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 τολμήματα | nmod | high | |
| 31 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-NPN- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 32 τολμήματα | det | high | |
| 32 | τολμήματα | τόλμημα | NOUN | N-NPN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 33 ἀναμιμνήσκοντες | obj | high | |
| 33 | ἀναμιμνήσκοντες | ἀναμιμνήσκω | VERB | V-PPN-3P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 15 ἐπειρῶντο | advcl | high | |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 33 ἀναμιμνήσκοντες | punct | high | |
| 35 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 52 ἐκβάλοιεν | mark | medium | Introduces the content/result-like clause dependent on ἐκβάλοιεν. |
| 36 | Ἰώνων | Ἴων | PROPN | N-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 37 μοῖρα | nmod | high | |
| 37 | μοῖρα | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-NSF- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 38 ὄντες | pred | high | |
| 38 | ὄντες | εἰμί | AUX | V-PPN-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 52 ἐκβάλοιεν | advcl | medium | Predicative participle, with μοῖρα as predicate noun. |
| 39 | Γύγην | Γύγης | PROPN | N-ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 ἔχοντας | obj | high | |
| 40 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | L-ASM- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 39 Γύγην | det | high | |
| 41 | Δασκύλου | Δάσκυλος | PROPN | N-GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 39 Γύγην | nmod | high | |
| 42 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 43 Λυδοὺς | cc | high | |
| 43 | Λυδοὺς | Λυδός | PROPN | N-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 44 ἔχοντας | conj | high | |
| 44 | ἔχοντας | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAM-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 52 ἐκβάλοιεν | advcl | medium | Accusative participial phrase, coordinated object-like complement. |
| 45 | σφῶν | σφέτερος | PRON | P-GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs | 47 πόλιν | nmod:poss | high | |
| 46 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 47 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 47 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 44 ἔχοντας | obj | high | |
| 48 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 49 ἀρετῆς | case | high | |
| 49 | ἀρετῆς | ἀρετή | NOUN | N-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 52 ἐκβάλοιεν | obl | high | |
| 50 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 51 προθυμίας | cc | high | |
| 51 | προθυμίας | προθυμία | NOUN | N-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 49 ἀρετῆς | conj | high | |
| 52 | ἐκβάλοιεν | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | V-AOA-3P | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 15 ἐπειρῶντο | ccomp | high | |
| 53 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐπειρῶντο | punct | high |