Grammar parses for passage 4.21.6
Open translation for this passage
οἱ Μεσσήνιοι δὲ ἀκούοντες ἀπονοίας τε ἐνεπίμπλαντο καὶ συνιστάμενοι καθʼ ὁπόσους ἕκαστοι τύχοιεν ἐφέροντο ἐς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους·
The main predicate is ἐνεπίμπλαντο, coordinated with ἐφέροντο; ἀκούοντες and συνιστάμενοι are circumstantial participles agreeing with Μεσσήνιοι. καθʼ ὁπόσους ἕκαστοι τύχοιεν is an idiomatic distributive temporal/relative phrase; the precise force of τύχοιεν is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 Μεσσήνιοι | det | high | |
| 2 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | Nbmp | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἐνεπίμπλαντο | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ἐνεπίμπλαντο | cc | high | |
| 4 | ἀκούοντες | ἀκούω | VERB | VPPANM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἐνεπίμπλαντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle. |
| 5 | ἀπονοίας | ἀπόνοια | NOUN | N-GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐνεπίμπλαντο | obj | medium | Object of ἐνεπίμπλαντο; genitive with the verb's filling sense. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 ἀπονοίας | cc | high | Correlative with καί at token 8. |
| 7 | ἐνεπίμπλαντο | ἐμπίπλημι | VERB | V-IMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Deponent/middle form; ‘were filled with’ or ‘filled themselves with’. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἐφέροντο | cc | high | Coordinates the second main predicate. |
| 9 | συνιστάμενοι | συνίστημι | VERB | VPPMNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 ἐφέροντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, agreeing with Μεσσήνιοι. |
| 10 | καθʼ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 11 ὁπόσους | case | high | Elided before the relative form. |
| 11 | ὁπόσους | ὁπόσος | ADJ | A--APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 τύχοιεν | obl | medium | Relative quantifier; governs or modifies an implicit group/object. |
| 12 | ἕκαστοι | ἕκαστος | ADJ | A--NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 τύχοιεν | nsubj | high | Substantivized subject of τύχοιεν. |
| 13 | τύχοιεν | τυγχάνω | VERB | V-AOA-3P | Mood=Opt|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 11 ὁπόσους | acl:relcl | low | Optative in a relative/distributive construction; exact aspect and syntactic attachment are uncertain. |
| 14 | ἐφέροντο | φέρω | VERB | V-IPI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 7 ἐνεπίμπλαντο | conj | high | Second coordinated main predicate; middle has passive/deponent-like force, ‘were carried/went’. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Λακεδαιμονίους | case | high | |
| 16 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | high | |
| 17 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | Nbmp | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἐφέροντο | obl | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἐνεπίμπλαντο | punct | high |
ὥρμησαν δὲ καὶ γυναῖκες τῷ κεράμῳ καὶ ὅτῳ δύναιτο ἑκάστη τοὺς πολεμίους βάλλειν.
The coordinated dative phrases τῷ κεράμῳ and ὅτῳ are instruments under βάλλειν; ὅτῳ δύναιτο is an indefinite relative clause, with ἑκάστη as its subject and βάλλειν as its complementary infinitive. The exact sense of δύναιτο is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὥρμησαν | ὁρμάω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | X | _ | 1 ὥρμησαν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | X | _ | 4 γυναῖκες | cc | high | Coordinates γυναῖκες with the preceding implicit group/subject. |
| 4 | γυναῖκες | γυνή | NOUN | N-NNF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 ὥρμησαν | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 κεράμῳ | case | high | |
| 6 | κεράμῳ | κέραμος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 βάλλειν | obl:instr | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | X | _ | 8 ὅτῳ | cc | high | Coordinates the second instrumental dative phrase. |
| 8 | ὅτῳ | ὅστις | PRON | RI-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 δύναιτο | obl:instr | medium | Indefinite-relative/instrumental dative, ‘whatever [object]’. |
| 9 | δύναιτο | δύναμαι | VERB | V-PNO-3S | Mood=Optative|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 8 ὅτῳ | acl:relcl | medium | Optative in an indefinite relative clause; syntactically elliptical in sense. |
| 10 | ἑκάστη | ἕκαστος | PRON | A-NNF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 δύναιτο | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | RA-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 πολεμίους | det | high | |
| 12 | πολεμίους | πολέμιος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 βάλλειν | obj | high | |
| 13 | βάλλειν | βάλλω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Infinitive|Tense=Present|Voice=Active | 9 δύναιτο | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive of δύναμαι; governs τοὺς πολεμίους and the instrumental datives. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ὥρμησαν | punct | high |