Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.21.7

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Passage 4.21.7

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2sentences parsed

61Greek tokens

1,725input tokens

4,390output tokens

Sentence 1

4.21.7 sentence 1

Tokens: 23
Input: 826
Output: 1,726
Total: 2,552

ἀλλὰ ὁ θεὸς τὸ ὕδωρ ἐπήγαγεν ἀθρόον μᾶλλον μετὰ ἰσχυροῦ τῶν βροντῶν τοῦ ψόφου καὶ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς αὐτῶν ἐναντίαις ταῖς ἀστραπαῖς ἐξέπλησσε.

The phrase μετὰ ἰσχυροῦ τῶν βροντῶν τοῦ ψόφου is syntactically difficult: ἰσχυροῦ is treated as a substantivized genitive/ablatival adjective modifying the sound of thunder, while the coordinated second verb governs τοὺς ὀφθαλμούς.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἀλλὰ	ἀλλά	CCONJ	C---------	Polarity=Pos	6 ἐπήγαγεν	cc	high
2	ὁ	ὁ	DET	RA--NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	3 θεὸς	det	high
3	θεὸς	θεός	NOUN	N---NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἐπήγαγεν	nsubj	high
4	τὸ	ὁ	DET	RA--NSA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 ὕδωρ	det	high
5	ὕδωρ	ὕδωρ	NOUN	N---NSA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἐπήγαγεν	obj	high
6	ἐπήγαγεν	ἐπάγω	VERB	VAI----3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
7	ἀθρόον	ἀθρόος	ADJ	A-----NA-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἐπήγαγεν	advmod	medium	Adverbial accusative, possibly agreeing semantically with ὕδωρ.
8	μᾶλλον	μάλα	ADV	D--------	Degree=Cmp	7 ἀθρόον	advmod	high
9	μετὰ	μετά	ADP	R--------	_	10 ἰσχυροῦ	case	medium	Preposition construed with the following genitive phrase; exact attachment is uncertain.
10	ἰσχυροῦ	ἰσχυρός	ADJ	A---GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 ψόφου	amod	low	Form is masculine/neuter genitive singular; substantival or elliptical usage is difficult.
11	τῶν	ὁ	DET	RA---GP-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	12 βροντῶν	det	high
12	βροντῶν	βροντή	NOUN	N---GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	14 ψόφου	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on ψόφου, likely specifying thunder.
13	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	RA---GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	14 ψόφου	det	high
14	ψόφου	ψόφος	NOUN	N---GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἐπήγαγεν	obl	low	Attachment of this genitive phrase to ἐπήγαγεν and internal relations are uncertain.
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C---------	_	22 ἐξέπλησσε	cc	high
16	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	RA--APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	17 ὀφθαλμοὺς	det	high
17	ὀφθαλμοὺς	ὀφθαλμός	NOUN	N---APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	22 ἐξέπλησσε	obj	high
18	αὐτῶν	αὐτός	PRON	P---GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	17 ὀφθαλμοὺς	nmod:poss	high
19	ἐναντίαις	ἐναντίος	ADJ	A---DPF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	21 ἀστραπαῖς	amod	medium	Agrees with ἀστραπαῖς; instrument/means interpretation.
20	ταῖς	ὁ	DET	RA---DPF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	21 ἀστραπαῖς	det	high
21	ἀστραπαῖς	ἀστραπή	NOUN	N---DPF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	22 ἐξέπλησσε	obl	high	Dative of means or instrument.
22	ἐξέπλησσε	ἐκπλήσσω	VERB	VAI----3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|Voice=Act	6 ἐπήγαγεν	conj	high
23	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐπήγαγεν	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.21.7 sentence 2

Tokens: 38
Input: 899
Output: 2,664
Total: 3,563

τοῖς δὲ Λακεδαιμονίοις ταῦτα πάντα παρίστη φρόνημα, καὶ αὐτὸν ἀμύνειν σφίσιν ἔφασαν τὸν θεόν· καὶ---ἤστραπτε γὰρ τούτοις κατὰ δεξιὰ---ἀπέφαινεν Ἕκας ὁ μάντις ὡς αἴσιον εἴη τὸ σημεῖον.

The sentence contains two coordinated clauses. In the first, ταῦτα πάντα is the accusative object of παρίστη, with φρόνημα as a predicative accusative; ἔφασαν governs the infinitival clause αὐτὸν ἀμύνειν, with τὸν θεόν as its accusative subject and σφίσιν as dative beneficiary. In the final clause, Ἕκας is subject of ἀπέφαινεν and ὡς introduces a predicate proposition; εἴη is optative in indirect discourse, with τὸ σημεῖον as subject and αἴσιον as predicate adjective. Hyphens are punctuation-like editorial separators.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	R-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	3 Λακεδαιμονίοις	det	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C-----	_	6 παρίστη	cc	high	Postpositive connective.
3	Λακεδαιμονίοις	Λακεδαιμόνιος	PROPN	A-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 παρίστη	iobj	high
4	ταῦτα	οὗτος	PRON	P-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	6 παρίστη	obj	high
5	πάντα	πᾶς	ADJ	A-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	4 ταῦτα	amod	high
6	παρίστη	παρίστημι	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	medium	Form may be imperfect or a nonstandard/variant present; parsed as imperfect indicative 3sg.
7	φρόνημα	φρόνημα	NOUN	N-ASN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 παρίστη	xcomp	high	Predicative accusative with ταῦτα.
8	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 παρίστη	punct	high
9	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-----	_	13 ἔφασαν	cc	high
10	αὐτὸν	αὐτός	PRON	P-ASΜ	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ἀμύνειν	obj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive in dependency syntax.
11	ἀμύνειν	ἀμύνω	VERB	V-PNA	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	13 ἔφασαν	ccomp	high
12	σφίσιν	σφεῖς	PRON	P-DPΜ	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 ἀμύνειν	iobj	high	Beneficiary/recipient of ἀμύνειν.
13	ἔφασαν	φημί	VERB	V-AAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	6 παρίστη	conj	high
14	τὸν	ὁ	DET	R-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	15 θεόν	det	high
15	θεόν	θεός	NOUN	N-ASM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ἀμύνειν	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive; τὸν is its determiner.
16	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἔφασαν	punct	high
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C-----	_	29 ἀπέφαινεν	cc	high
18	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	21 ἤστραπτε	punct	high	Editorial dash.
19	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	21 ἤστραπτε	punct	high	Editorial dash.
20	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	21 ἤστραπτε	punct	high	Editorial dash.
21	ἤστραπτε	ἀστράπτω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	29 ἀπέφαινεν	parataxis	high	Parenthetical explanatory clause.
22	γὰρ	γάρ	SCONJ	C-----	_	21 ἤστραπτε	mark	high	Causal/postpositive connective.
23	τούτοις	οὗτος	PRON	P-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	21 ἤστραπτε	iobj	medium	Dative associated with the lightning event; possibly reference/experiencer.
24	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	R-----	_	25 δεξιὰ	case	high
25	δεξιὰ	δεξιός	ADJ	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	21 ἤστραπτε	obl	high	Substantivized directional phrase, ‘on the right’.
26	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	21 ἤστραπτε	punct	high	Editorial dash.
27	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	21 ἤστραπτε	punct	high	Editorial dash.
28	-	-	PUNCT	_	_	21 ἤστραπτε	punct	high	Editorial dash.
29	ἀπέφαινεν	ἀποφαίνω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	13 ἔφασαν	conj	medium	Coordinated with the preceding report; takes ὡς-clause.
30	Ἕκας	Ἕκας	PROPN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	29 ἀπέφαινεν	nsubj	high
31	ὁ	ὁ	DET	R-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	32 μάντις	det	high
32	μάντις	μάντις	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	29 ἀπέφαινεν	appos	high	Apposition to Ἕκας.
33	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	C-----	_	35 εἴη	mark	high	Introduces reported/predicative content.
34	αἴσιον	αἴσιος	ADJ	A-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	35 εἴη	xcomp	high	Predicate adjective with τὸ σημεῖον.
35	εἴη	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAO-3S	Mood=Opt\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	29 ἀπέφαινεν	ccomp	high	Optative in reported discourse.
36	τὸ	ὁ	DET	R-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	37 σημεῖον	det	high
37	σημεῖον	σημεῖον	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	35 εἴη	nsubj	high
38	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	29 ἀπέφαινεν	punct	high

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