Grammar parses for passage 4.22.3
Open translation for this passage
Ἀριστομένει δὲ ὅ τε οἶκτος διαρπαζομένης τῆς Εἴρας καὶ τὸ μῖσος τὸ ἐς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους βούλευμα παρίστησι τοιόνδε.
Main predicate παρίστησι takes the coordinated subjects οἶκτος and μῖσος, with βούλευμα as its object and τοιόνδε as predicative/result complement; διαρπαζομένης τῆς Εἴρας is a genitive absolute. Ἀριστομένει is a dative of reference. The article ὅ with τε is taken as the first member of the correlative construction ὅ τε ... καὶ ..., though the supplied text has ὅ rather than the expected ὁ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἀριστομένει | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | Ne.DS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 παρίστησι | iobj | high | Dative of reference: 'for/to Aristomenes'. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C���� | _ | 17 παρίστησι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὅ | ὁ | DET | S----NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 οἶκτος | det | low | Supplied form is neuter/masculine ambiguous in isolation; interpreted here as article in ὅ τε ... καὶ ..., with likely textual/orthographic irregularity for ὁ. |
| 4 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C���� | _ | 5 οἶκτος | cc | high | Correlative conjunction, paired with καὶ. |
| 5 | οἶκτος | οἶκτος | NOUN | N-----NMS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 παρίστησι | nsubj | high | First coordinated subject of παρίστησι. |
| 6 | διαρπαζομένης | διαρπάζω | VERB | V-PPP-GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 8 Εἴρας | acl | high | Genitive absolute participle; its genitive subject follows. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | S-----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Εἴρας | det | high | Article modifying Εἴρας. |
| 8 | Εἴρας | Εἴρα | PROPN | N-----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 διαρπαζομένης | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of διαρπαζομένης. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C���� | _ | 11 μῖσος | cc | high | Coordinates the two nominal subjects. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S-----NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 μῖσος | det | high | Article modifying μῖσος. |
| 11 | μῖσος | μῖσος | NOUN | N-----NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 παρίστησι | conj | high | Second coordinated subject of παρίστησι. |
| 12 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S-----NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 βούλευμα | det | high | Article introducing the attributive phrase ἐς τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 15 Λακεδαιμονίους | case | high | Preposition governing τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους. |
| 14 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | S-----AMP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | high | Article modifying Λακεδαιμονίους. |
| 15 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-----AMP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 βούλευμα | nmod | high | Object of ἐς; together with the preposition modifies βούλευμα. |
| 16 | βούλευμα | βούλευμα | NOUN | N-----NNS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 παρίστησι | obj | high | Neuter nominative form; interpreted as the object/complement presented by παρίστησι, with article τὸ. |
| 17 | παρίστησι | παρίστημι | VERB | V-PIA-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite predicate. |
| 18 | τοιόνδε | τοιόσδε | ADJ | A---ANS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 16 βούλευμα | amod | medium | Neuter accusative predicative/result adjective agreeing semantically with the presented βούλευμα; exact attachment may be analyzed as an object complement. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 παρίστησι | punct | high |
πεντακοσίους τῶν Μεσσηνίων, οὓς μάλιστα ἠπίστατο αὑτῶν ἀφειδῶς ἔχοντας, ἀποκρίνας ἀπὸ τοῦ πλήθους, ἤρετο σφᾶς ἐν ἐπηκόῳ τῶν τε ἄλλων Ἀρκάδων καὶ Ἀριστοκράτους, ἅτε ὄντα προδότην οὐκ εἰδώς---ἀνανδρίᾳ γὰρ καὶ ὑπὸ δειλίας φυγεῖν τότε ἤδη Ἀριστοκράτην τῆς μάχης καὶ οὐ διὰ κακίαν οὐδεμίαν ἐδόξαζεν αὐτόν, ὥστε ἐναντίον καὶ τούτου τοὺς πεντακοσίους ἤρετο---, εἰ τιμωροῦντες τῇ πατρίδι ἀποθνήσκειν σὺν αὑτῷ ἐθελήσουσι.
The passage contains a main ἤρετο with a relative participial description, a parenthetical γάρ explanation, and a second ἤρετο under ὥστε; εἰ introduces the content question completed by ἐθελήσουσι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πεντακοσίους | πεντακόσιοι | ADJ | A----AM-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 ἤρετο | obj | high | |
| 2 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Μεσσηνίων | det | high | |
| 3 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 πεντακοσίους | nmod | high | |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀποκρίνας | punct | high | |
| 5 | οὓς | ὅς | PRON | P-ROAM-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 10 ἔχοντας | obj | high | |
| 6 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 7 ἠπίστατο | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἠπίστατο | ἐπίσταμαι | VERB | V-PII-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 12 ἀποκρίνας | advcl | medium | Relative clause predicate; subject is implicit. |
| 8 | αὑτῶν | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-RGPM-P- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 10 ἔχοντας | obl | medium | Possessive/reflexive genitive with ἔχοντας. |
| 9 | ἀφειδῶς | ἀφειδῶς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 10 ἔχοντας | advmod | high | |
| 10 | ἔχοντας | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-AM-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 ἠπίστατο | xcomp | medium | Accusative participial complement under ἐπίστατο. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀποκρίνας | punct | high | |
| 12 | ἀποκρίνας | ἀποκρίνω | VERB | V-AAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἤρετο | advcl | high | |
| 13 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 πλήθους | case | high | |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | L-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πλήθους | det | high | |
| 15 | πλήθους | πλῆθος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἀποκρίνας | obl | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἤρετο | punct | high | |
| 17 | ἤρετο | ἔρομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 18 | σφᾶς | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3AAM-P- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 17 ἤρετο | obj | high | |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 ἐπηκόῳ | case | high | |
| 20 | ἐπηκόῳ | ἐπήκοος | ADJ | A-GSN-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἤρετο | obl | medium | Substantivized/elliptical phrase, likely 'in the hearing of'. |
| 21 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | |
| 22 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 Ἀρκάδων | cc | high | |
| 23 | ἄλλων | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Ἀρκάδων | amod | high | |
| 24 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 ἐπηκόῳ | nmod | high | |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 Ἀριστοκράτους | cc | high | |
| 26 | Ἀριστοκράτους | Ἀριστοκράτης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἐπηκόῳ | nmod | high | |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 28 ἅτε | punct | high | |
| 28 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 32 εἰδώς | mark | high | |
| 29 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 32 εἰδώς | advcl | medium | Accusative participle agreeing with implicit referent Aristocrates. |
| 30 | προδότην | προδότης | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ὄντα | predicative | high | |
| 31 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 32 εἰδώς | advmod | high | |
| 32 | εἰδώς | οἶδα | VERB | V-RAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 ἤρετο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle: not knowing him to be a traitor. |
| 33 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 εἰδώς | punct | high | |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 36 ἀνανδρίᾳ | punct | high | |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 52 ἐδόξαζεν | punct | high | |
| 36 | ἀνανδρίᾳ | ἀνανδρία | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 φυγεῖν | obl | high | |
| 37 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G-------- | _ | 52 ἐδόξαζεν | discourse | high | |
| 38 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 36 ἀνανδρίᾳ | cc | medium | Coordinates explanatory instrumental/circumstantial phrases. |
| 39 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 40 δειλίας | case | high | |
| 40 | δειλίας | δειλία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 φυγεῖν | obl | high | |
| 41 | φυγεῖν | φεύγω | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 52 ἐδόξαζεν | xcomp | high | |
| 42 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 41 φυγεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 43 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 41 φυγεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 44 | Ἀριστοκράτην | Ἀριστοκράτης | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 41 φυγεῖν | obj | high | |
| 45 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | L-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 46 μάχης | det | high | |
| 46 | μάχης | μάχη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 φυγεῖν | obl | high | Separation genitive with φεύγω. |
| 47 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 50 κακίαν | cc | high | |
| 48 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D-------- | Polarity=Neg | 52 ἐδόξαζεν | advmod | high | |
| 49 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 50 κακίαν | case | high | |
| 50 | κακίαν | κακία | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 52 ἐδόξαζεν | obl | high | |
| 51 | οὐδεμίαν | οὐδείς | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg | 50 κακίαν | amod | high | |
| 52 | ἐδόξαζεν | δοξάζω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 36 ἀνανδρίᾳ | parataxis | high | Imperfect in parenthetical explanation. |
| 53 | αὐτόν | αὐτός | PRON | P-3ASM-S- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 52 ἐδόξαζεν | obj | high | |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 55 ὥστε | punct | high | |
| 55 | ὥστε | ὥστε | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 61 ἤρετο | mark | high | |
| 56 | ἐναντίον | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 61 ἤρετο | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative, 'opposite/in the presence of'. |
| 57 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 58 τούτου | cc | high | |
| 58 | τούτου | οὗτος | PRON | P-DASM-S- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 56 ἐναντίον | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἐναντίον. |
| 59 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | L-AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 60 πεντακοσίους | det | high | |
| 60 | πεντακοσίους | πεντακόσιοι | ADJ | A-AMP-P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 61 ἤρετο | obj | high | |
| 61 | ἤρετο | ἔρομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 17 ἤρετο | conj | high | Second coordinated asking episode within parenthetical ὥστε clause. |
| 62 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 61 ἤρετο | punct | high | |
| 63 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 61 ἤρετο | punct | high | |
| 64 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 61 ἤρετο | punct | high | |
| 65 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 66 εἰ | punct | high | |
| 66 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 61 ἤρετο | mark | high | |
| 67 | τιμωροῦντες | τιμωρέω | VERB | V-PAP-NMP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 73 ἐθελήσουσι | advcl | high | Participial subject of the infinitive, sharing subject with ἐθελήσουσι. |
| 68 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 69 πατρίδι | det | high | |
| 69 | πατρίδι | πατρίς | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 67 τιμωροῦντες | iobj | high | |
| 70 | ἀποθνήσκειν | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 73 ἐθελήσουσι | xcomp | high | |
| 71 | σὺν | σύν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 72 αὑτῷ | case | high | |
| 72 | αὑτῷ | ἑαυτοῦ | PRON | P-RDSM-S- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes | 70 ἀποθνήσκειν | obl | high | |
| 73 | ἐθελήσουσι | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-FAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 61 ἤρετο | ccomp | high | |
| 74 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 ἤρετο | punct | high |