Grammar parses for passage 4.22.4
Open translation for this passage
φαμένων δὲ ἐθέλειν ἀπεγύμνου τὸ πᾶν, ὡς πάντως τῆς ἐπιούσης ἑσπέρας ἐπὶ τὴν Σπάρτην ἄγειν μέλλοι· Λακεδαιμονίων γὰρ τότε δὴ μάλιστα ἐς τὴν Εἶραν ἀπῆσαν οἱ πολλοί, καὶ ἄλλοι τε ἐπεφοίτων φέροντες καὶ ἄγοντες τὰ Μεσσηνίων.
The first clause contains a genitive absolute and an ὡς-clause with optative μέλλοι; the final phrase τὰ Μεσσηνίων is syntactically elliptical and somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φαμένων | φημί | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 4 ἀπεγύμνου | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἀπεγύμνου | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐθέλειν | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 4 ἀπεγύμνου | xcomp | high | Complement of ἀπεγύμνου. |
| 4 | ἀπεγύμνου | ἀπεγυμνόω | VERB | V-IIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of first clause. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 πᾶν | det | high | Article modifying πᾶν. |
| 6 | πᾶν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἀπεγύμνου | obj | high | Neuter substantive meaning 'everything'. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἀπεγύμνου | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 8 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 17 μέλλοι | mark | medium | Introduces purpose/result clause; attachment somewhat uncertain. |
| 9 | πάντως | πάντως | ADV | D | _ | 17 μέλλοι | advmod | high | Adverb modifying μέλλοι. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἑσπέρας | det | high | Article modifying ἑσπέρας. |
| 11 | ἐπιούσης | ἐπείμι | VERB | V-PAP-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἑσπέρας | amod | high | Participial modifier of ἑσπέρας. |
| 12 | ἑσπέρας | ἑσπέρα | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 μέλλοι | obl | medium | Genitive temporal expression with μέλλοι. |
| 13 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 15 Σπάρτην | case | high | Marks goal/direction. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Σπάρτην | det | high | Article modifying Σπάρτην. |
| 15 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 ἄγειν | obl | high | Goal of ἄγειν. |
| 16 | ἄγειν | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAN | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 17 μέλλοι | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive of μέλλοι. |
| 17 | μέλλοι | μέλλω | VERB | V-PAO-3S | Mood=Opt|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 4 ἀπεγύμνου | advcl | medium | Subordinate clause after ὡς; optative in indirect discourse/anticipated future. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἀπεγύμνου | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 19 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 ἀπῆσαν | nsubj | high | Genitive with ἀπῆσαν, likely partitive/substantival. |
| 20 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | _ | _ | 27 ἀπῆσαν | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 21 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D | _ | 27 ἀπῆσαν | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 22 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 27 ἀπῆσαν | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 23 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D | _ | 27 ἀπῆσαν | advmod | high | Degree adverb. |
| 24 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 26 Εἶραν | case | high | Preposition with motion to. |
| 25 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 26 Εἶραν | det | high | Article modifying Εἶραν. |
| 26 | Εἶραν | Εἶρα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 ἀπῆσαν | obl | high | Goal of ἀπῆσαν. |
| 27 | ἀπῆσαν | ἄπειμι | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of second sentence/clause. |
| 28 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 29 πολλοί | det | high | Article modifying πολλοί. |
| 29 | πολλοί | πολύς | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 ἀπῆσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀπῆσαν. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἀπῆσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 31 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 34 ἐπεφοίτων | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 32 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 ἐπεφοίτων | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐπεφοίτων. |
| 33 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 32 ἄλλοι | discourse | medium | Enclitic connective particle with ἄλλοι. |
| 34 | ἐπεφοίτων | ἐπιφοίταω | VERB | V-IIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 27 ἀπῆσαν | conj | high | Coordinated verb with ἀπῆσαν. |
| 35 | φέροντες | φέρω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 34 ἐπεφοίτων | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying ἐπεφοίτων. |
| 36 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 37 ἄγοντες | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 37 | ἄγοντες | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 35 φέροντες | conj | medium | Likely coordinated with φέροντες. |
| 38 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 39 Μεσσηνίων | det | high | Article modifying Μεσσηνίων. |
| 39 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 φέροντες | obj | medium | Probably substantival 'the Messenians' with article, though form is genitive plural and text may be elliptical. |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἀπῆσαν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
"καὶ ἢν μὲν ἑλεῖν τὴν Σπάρτην καὶ κατασχεῖν δυνηθῶμεν", ἔφασκεν ὁ Ἀριστομένης, "ἔστιν ἡμῖν ἀποδόντας Λακεδαιμονίοις τὰ ἐκείνων κομίσασθαι τὰ οἰκεῖα·"
The quotation contains a conditional protasis with coordinated infinitives, followed by direct speech with an impersonal ἔστιν and infinitival clause; attachment of the genitive ἐκείνων and the participle ἀποδόντας is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἔφασκεν | punct | high | Opening quotation mark. |
| 2 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 10 δυνηθῶμεν | cc | medium | Coordinating the two infinitival actions. |
| 3 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | _ | _ | 10 δυνηθῶμεν | mark | high | Conditional particle introducing the clause. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 3 ἢν | advmod | medium | Correlative particle. |
| 5 | ἑλεῖν | αἱρέω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 10 δυνηθῶμεν | csubj | high | Infinitive within the conditional protasis. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Σπάρτην | det | high | Article modifying Σπάρτην. |
| 7 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἑλεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἑλεῖν. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 9 κατασχεῖν | cc | high | Coordinates the second infinitive. |
| 9 | κατασχεῖν | κατέχω | VERB | V-AAN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 5 ἑλεῖν | conj | high | Second infinitive coordinated with ἑλεῖν. |
| 10 | δυνηθῶμεν | δύναμαι | VERB | V-ASM-1P | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 13 ἔφασκεν | ccomp | high | Finite verb of the quoted clause; subjunctive after ἢν. |
| 11 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἔφασκεν | punct | high | Closing quote for first segment. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἔφασκεν | punct | high | Comma after reported speech. |
| 13 | ἔφασκεν | φάσκω | VERB | V-IIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main reporting verb. |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ἀριστομένης | det | high | Article with the speaker's name. |
| 15 | Ἀριστομένης | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἔφασκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔφασκεν. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἔφασκεν | punct | high | Comma after speaker name. |
| 17 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔστιν | punct | high | Opening quote for direct statement. |
| 18 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second quoted clause; treated as root of quoted segment. |
| 19 | ἡμῖν | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DP | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 18 ἔστιν | obl | high | Dative of reference/advantage. |
| 20 | ἀποδόντας | ἀποδίδωμι | VERB | V-AAP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 24 κομίσασθαι | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying κομίσασθαι. |
| 21 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 κομίσασθαι | iobj | medium | Dative recipient; could also be attached to ἀποδόντας semantically. |
| 22 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 23 ἐκείνων | det | high | Article with ἐκείνων. |
| 23 | ἐκείνων | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | PD-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 24 κομίσασθαι | obj | medium | Genitive dependent of κομίσασθαι, meaning 'their things'. |
| 24 | κομίσασθαι | κομίζω | VERB | V-AMN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 18 ἔστιν | csubj | high | Infinitival subject/complement of ἔστιν. |
| 25 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 26 οἰκεῖα | det | high | Article with οἰκεῖα. |
| 26 | οἰκεῖα | οἰκεῖος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 κομίσασθαι | obj | high | Object of κομίσασθαι. |
| 27 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔστιν | punct | high | Middle dot punctuation. |
| 28 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔστιν | punct | high | Closing quote. |
"ἁμαρτάνοντες δὲ ὁμοῦ ἀποθανούμεθά γε μνήμης καὶ τοῖς ἔπειτα ἄξια ἐργασάμενοι."
The clause is headed by the future finite verb ἀποθανούμεθά; the genitive μνήμης and the articular ἔπειτα phrase are syntactically somewhat elliptical/uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἁμαρτάνοντες | punct | high | Opening quote. |
| 2 | ἁμαρτάνοντες | ἁμαρτάνω | VERB | PAPTCP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 5 ἀποθανούμεθά | advcl | high | Concessive/temporal participial clause modifying the main future verb. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 5 ἀποθανούμεθά | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D | _ | 5 ἀποθανούμεθά | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀποθανούμεθά. |
| 5 | ἀποθανούμεθά | ἀποθνῄσκω | VERB | V1PFMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 6 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 5 ἀποθανούμεθά | discourse | high | Enclitic focus particle. |
| 7 | μνήμης | μνήμη | NOUN | N-SF-G | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἀποθανούμεθά | obl | medium | Likely genitive of cause/measure with the main clause; syntax somewhat elliptical. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ἐργασάμενοι | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 9 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | L-SM-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἐργασάμενοι | det | high | Article agreeing with ἔπειτα as substantivized/elliptical modifier. |
| 10 | ἔπειτα | ἔπειτα | ADV | D | _ | 12 ἐργασάμενοι | amod | medium | Used adjectivally/substantively with article; analysis uncertain. |
| 11 | ἄξια | ἄξιος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ἐργασάμενοι | obj | high | Direct object of ἐργασάμενοι. |
| 12 | ἐργασάμενοι | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | VAMPNP | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 ἀποθανούμεθά | advcl | high | Participial clause coordinated to the first participle. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀποθανούμεθά | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
| 14 | " | " | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἀποθανούμεθά | punct | high | Closing quote. |