Grammar parses for passage 4.22.5
Open translation for this passage
ταῦτα εἰπόντος τῶν Ἀρκάδων ὅσον τριακόσιοι μετέχειν καὶ αὐτοὶ τοῦ τολμήματος ἤθελον.
The sentence has a genitive absolute (εἰπόντος τῶν Ἀρκάδων) and a main clause with an articular/implicit subject quantified by ὅσον τριακόσιοι; αὐτοί is interpreted as the emphatic subject of μετέχειν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | PDN-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 2 εἰπόντος | obj | high | Accusative neuter plural demonstrative, object of εἰπόντος. |
| 2 | εἰπόντος | λέγω | VERB | VAAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἤθελον | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle with τῶν Ἀρκάδων. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 Ἀρκάδων | det | high | Article agreeing with Ἀρκάδων. |
| 4 | Ἀρκάδων | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | NP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 εἰπόντος | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 5 | ὅσον | ὅσος | ADV | ADV | _ | 6 τριακόσιοι | advmod | medium | Adverbial form meaning approximately ‘about’, modifying τριακόσιοι. |
| 6 | τριακόσιοι | τριακόσιοι | NUM | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 12 ἤθελον | nsubj | high | Cardinal numeral functioning substantivally as subject of ἤθελον. |
| 7 | μετέχειν | μετέχω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 ἤθελον | xcomp | high | Subject-control infinitive dependent on ἤθελον. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 αὐτοὶ | cc | high | Coordinates αὐτοί with an implicit or associated group. |
| 9 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 7 μετέχειν | nsubj | medium | Emphatic nominative subject of μετέχειν; αὐτοί is coordinated with an understood group. |
| 10 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 τολμήματος | det | high | Article agreeing with τολμήματος. |
| 11 | τολμήματος | τόλμημα | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 μετέχειν | obl | high | Genitive complement of μετέχειν. |
| 12 | ἤθελον | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἤθελον | punct | high |
καὶ τότε μὲν ἐπεῖχον τῆς ἐξόδου, τὰ γὰρ ἱερὰ ἐγίνετο αὐτοῖς οὐ κατὰ γνώμην, τῇ δὲ ἐπιούσῃ τό τε ἀπόρρητον ἔγνωσαν σφῶν τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους προπεπυσμένους καὶ αὐτοὶ δεύτερον ὑπὸ Ἀριστοκράτους προδεδομένοι·
The second clause has a compressed accusative-and-participial construction: τοὺς Λακεδαιμονίους προπεπυσμένους is the object of ἔγνωσαν, while αὐτοὶ ... προδεδομένοι is a coordinated predicative participle referring to the subject; τῇ ἐπιούσῃ means ‘on the following day’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ἐπεῖχον | cc | high | |
| 2 | τότε | τότε | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 ἐπεῖχον | advmod | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 4 ἐπεῖχον | discourse | high | Correlative with δὲ (18). |
| 4 | ἐπεῖχον | ἐπέχω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐξόδου | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐξόδου | ἔξοδος | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐπεῖχον | obl | high | Genitive with ἐπέχω, ‘hold back from departure’. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐπεῖχον | punct | high | |
| 8 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἱερὰ | det | high | |
| 9 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἐγίνετο | cc | high | Explanatory particle. |
| 10 | ἱερὰ | ἱερός | ADJ | A-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 ἐγίνετο | nsubj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘sacrifices/omens’. |
| 11 | ἐγίνετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-IMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 4 ἐπεῖχον | parataxis | high | Impersonal singular with neuter plural subject. |
| 12 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | P-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 11 ἐγίνετο | iobj | high | |
| 13 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 11 ἐγίνετο | advmod | high | |
| 14 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 γνώμην | case | high | |
| 15 | γνώμην | γνώμη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐγίνετο | obl | high | κατὰ γνώμην, ‘according to their wishes/judgment’. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἐγίνετο | punct | high | |
| 17 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἐπιούσῃ | det | high | |
| 18 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 ἔγνωσαν | cc | high | Correlative with μέν (3). |
| 19 | ἐπιούσῃ | ἔπειμι | VERB | V-PAP-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 23 ἔγνωσαν | obl | high | Substantivized participle: ‘the following day’. |
| 20 | τό | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 22 ἀπόρρητον | det | high | |
| 21 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 22 ἀπόρρητον | cc | high | Pairs τό τε ... καὶ ... (20, 28). |
| 22 | ἀπόρρητον | ἀπόρρητος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 23 ἔγνωσαν | obj | high | Substantivized adjective, ‘the secret matter’. |
| 23 | ἔγνωσαν | γιγνώσκω | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 4 ἐπεῖχον | parataxis | high | |
| 24 | σφῶν | σφέτερος | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 27 προπεπυσμένους | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on προπεπυσμένους, ‘known beforehand by them’; pronominal analysis is somewhat compressed. |
| 25 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 Λακεδαιμονίους | det | high | |
| 26 | Λακεδαιμονίους | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 προπεπυσμένους | obj | high | Accusative subject of the participial complement. |
| 27 | προπεπυσμένους | προπυνθάνομαι | VERB | V-RMP-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 23 ἔγνωσαν | xcomp | medium | Perfect middle participle, complementary/predicative with ἔγνωσαν; exact semantic attachment is compressed. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 33 προδεδομένοι | cc | high | Coordinates the second participial predicate. |
| 29 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3 | 33 προδεδομένοι | nsubj | high | Intensive pronoun, ‘they themselves’. |
| 30 | δεύτερον | δεύτερος | ADV | ADV | _ | 33 προδεδομένοι | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative, ‘a second time’. |
| 31 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 32 Ἀριστοκράτους | case | high | |
| 32 | Ἀριστοκράτους | Ἀριστοκράτης | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 προδεδομένοι | obl:agent | high | |
| 33 | προδεδομένοι | προδίδωμι | VERB | V-RMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 23 ἔγνωσαν | xcomp | high | Predicative perfect passive participle: ‘having been betrayed’; subject is αὐτοί. |
| 34 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἔγνωσαν | punct | high |
τὰ γὰρ τοῦ Ἀριστομένους βουλεύματα αὐτίκα ὁ Ἀριστοκράτης ἐγγράψας βιβλίῳ, καὶ τὸ βιβλίον ἐπιθεὶς τῶν οἰκετῶν ὃν ἠπίστατο ὄντα εὐνούστατον, παρὰ Ἀνάξανδρον ἀπέστελλεν ἐς Σπάρτην.
Ἀριστοκράτης is the subject of ἀπέστελλεν; ἐγγράψας and ἐπιθείς are coordinated aorist participles. ὃν ... ὄντα εὐνούστατον is a relative clause modifying οἰκέτων, with ὄντα agreeing with ὃν; τῶν οἰκετῶν is a partitive genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T--NPA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 βουλεύματα | det | high | |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 βουλεύματα | discourse | high | Explanatory postpositive particle; UD relation may be rendered discourse. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T--GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 Ἀριστομένους | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἀριστομένους | Ἀριστομένης | PROPN | NE--GSM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 5 βουλεύματα | nmod | high | |
| 5 | βουλεύματα | βούλευμα | NOUN | N--NPA--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 25 ἀπέστελλεν | obj | high | |
| 6 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 25 ἀπέστελλεν | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T--NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Ἀριστοκράτης | det | high | |
| 8 | Ἀριστοκράτης | Ἀριστοκράτης | PROPN | NE--NSM--- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 25 ἀπέστελλεν | nsubj | high | |
| 9 | ἐγγράψας | ἐγγράφω | VERB | V--AAP-NSM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 ἀπέστελλεν | advcl | high | Aorist active participle; temporal/sequential. |
| 10 | βιβλίῳ | βιβλίον | NOUN | N--DSN--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἐγγράψας | obl | high | Instrumental/dative of writing. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐγγράψας | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 ἐπιθεὶς | cc | high | |
| 13 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T--ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 βιβλίον | det | high | |
| 14 | βιβλίον | βιβλίον | NOUN | N--ASN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἐπιθεὶς | obj | high | |
| 15 | ἐπιθεὶς | ἐπιτίθημι | VERB | V--AAP-NSM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 25 ἀπέστελλεν | advcl | high | Aorist active participle, coordinated with ἐγγράψας. |
| 16 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 17 οἰκετῶν | det | high | |
| 17 | οἰκετῶν | οἰκέτης | NOUN | N--GPM--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 ὃν | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with ὃν. |
| 18 | ὃν | ὅς | PRON | P---ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 19 ἠπίστατο | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ἠπίστατο and antecedent of ὄντα. |
| 19 | ἠπίστατο | ἐπίσταμαι | VERB | V2IIM-S-- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 15 ἐπιθεὶς | acl:relcl | high | |
| 20 | ὄντα | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 19 ἠπίστατο | xcomp | high | Predicative participle with ἠπίστατο. |
| 21 | εὐνούστατον | εὔνους | ADJ | A--ASM-SUP | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ὄντα | xcomp | high | Predicative adjective with ὄντα. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐπιθεὶς | punct | high | |
| 23 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 24 Ἀνάξανδρον | case | high | |
| 24 | Ἀνάξανδρον | Ἀνάξανδρος | PROPN | NE--ASM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|NameType=Giv|Number=Sing | 25 ἀπέστελλεν | obl | high | παρά + accusative: from/before Anaxander. |
| 25 | ἀπέστελλεν | ἀποστέλλω | VERB | V-IAI-3-- | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 26 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | AdpType=Prep | 27 Σπάρτην | case | high | |
| 27 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | NE--ASF--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NameType=Geo|Number=Sing | 25 ἀπέστελλεν | obl | high | Goal/destination. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ἀπέστελλεν | punct | high |