Grammar parses for passage 4.25.10
Open translation for this passage
αὐτοὶ δὲ περὶ ὕπνον πρῶτον ἐξελθόντες ἐκ τῶν Οἰνιαδῶν
Participial clause with an initial emphatic subject; περὶ ὕπνον πρῶτον is interpreted adverbially with the aorist participle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp-3MPN | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 6 ἐξελθόντες | nsubj | high | Emphatic subject pronoun. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Pt | _ | 6 ἐξελθόντες | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R | AdpType=Prep | 4 ὕπνον | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 4 | ὕπνον | ὕπνος | NOUN | N-S---MA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐξελθόντες | obl | high | Prepositional object of περὶ. |
| 5 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | D | _ | 6 ἐξελθόντες | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial accusative/adverbial use meaning 'first'. |
| 6 | ἐξελθόντες | ἐξέρχομαι | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nominative|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main participial predicate. |
| 7 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R | AdpType=Prep | 9 Οἰνιαδῶν | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 8 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | S- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 9 Οἰνιαδῶν | det | high | Article with proper name. |
| 9 | Οἰνιαδῶν | Οἰνιάδαι | PROPN | Ne- | Case=Genitive|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἐξελθόντες | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐκ. |
καὶ γενομένης τοῦ δρασμοῦ σφῶν τοῖς Ἀκαρνᾶσιν αἰσθήσεως καὶ ἐς μάχην ἀναγκασθέντες ἀφικέσθαι
The syntax is compressed: a genitive absolute clause is followed by a coordinated participial phrase and an infinitive used as the main predicate.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 2 γενομένης | cc | high | coordinating particle/conjunction |
| 2 | γενομένης | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-APM-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 8 αἰσθήσεως | advcl | high | genitive absolute participle modifying the implied circumstance |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RD-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 4 δρασμοῦ | det | high | article |
| 4 | δρασμοῦ | δρασμός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 γενομένης | nmod | high | part of genitive absolute phrase |
| 5 | σφῶν | σφεῖς | PRON | Pp3-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 8 αἰσθήσεως | nsubj | medium | genitive pronoun with αἰσθήσεως; likely possessive/genitive dependent in the genitive absolute |
| 6 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RD-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Ἀκαρνᾶσιν | det | high | article |
| 7 | Ἀκαρνᾶσιν | Ἀκαρνάν | PROPN | Ne-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 αἰσθήσεως | obl | medium | dative with αἰσθήσεως, marking the experiencer/affected group |
| 8 | αἰσθήσεως | αἴσθησις | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἀναγκασθέντες | advcl | medium | genitive absolute noun phrase with participle γενομένης |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ἀναγκασθέντες | cc | high | coordinates the participle with the following infinitival clause |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 11 μάχην | case | high | preposition |
| 11 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἀφικέσθαι | obl | high | prepositional complement of ἀφικέσθαι |
| 12 | ἀναγκασθέντες | ἀναγκάζω | VERB | V-APP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 13 ἀφικέσθαι | advcl | high | circumstantial participle coordinated with the infinitive phrase |
| 13 | ἀφικέσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | main verbal predicate in infinitive form |
περὶ τριακοσίους μὲν ἀποβάλλουσι καὶ πλείονας ἔτι αὐτοὶ τῶν ἐναντίων κατεργάζονται
The clause is elliptic with a coordinated second predicate; τῶν ἐναντίων is best taken as a comparative genitive dependent on πλείονας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | περὶ | περί | ADP | PREP | _ | 2 τριακοσίους | case | high | Preposition governing the following numeral phrase. |
| 2 | τριακοσίους | τριακόσιοι | NUM | AP-NPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἀποβάλλουσι | obj | high | Direct object of ἀποβάλλουσι; lemma as numeral adjective. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἀποβάλλουσι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 4 | ἀποβάλλουσι | ἀποβάλλω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the first coordinated clause. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 κατεργάζονται | cc | high | Coordinates the second verb phrase with the first. |
| 6 | πλείονας | πλείων | ADJ | A-APCM | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 κατεργάζονται | obj | high | Object of κατεργάζονται; comparative used adjectivally. |
| 7 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D | _ | 11 κατεργάζονται | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the second verb. |
| 8 | αὐτοὶ | αὐτός | PRON | A-PNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 κατεργάζονται | nsubj | high | Explicit subject of the second verb. |
| 9 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐναντίων | det | high | Article with substantivized adjective. |
| 10 | ἐναντίων | ἐναντίος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 πλείονας | nmod | high | Genitive complement of πλείονας, expressing comparison/group. |
| 11 | κατεργάζονται | κατεργάζομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 4 ἀποβάλλουσι | conj | high | Second coordinated main predicate. |