Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.25.9

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Passage 4.25.9

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1,611input tokens

3,440output tokens

Sentence 1

4.25.9 sentence 1

Tokens: 22
Input: 798
Output: 1,768
Total: 2,566

καὶ ἁλῶναι μὲν κατὰ κράτος τὸ τεῖχος ἢ ὑπερβάντων τῶν Ἀκαρνάνων ἢ καὶ ἀπολιπεῖν βιασθεῖσιν αὐτοῖς τὴν φρουρὰν δέος ἦν οὐδέν·

The infinitival subject is coordinated: τὸ τεῖχος ἁλῶναι ... ἢ ἀπολιπεῖν ...; δέος is the subject of ἦν, with οὐδέν as predicative/quantificational adjective. The participles ὑπερβάντων and βιασθεῖσιν are genitive absolute constructions, though the second has αὐτοῖς as its dative agent/experiencer-like complement; the coordination and attachment are somewhat compressed.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	2 ἁλῶναι	cc	high
2	ἁλῶναι	ἁλίσκομαι	VERB	V--ANP-	Tense=Aorist\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Pass	20 ἦν	csubj	high	Aorist passive-form infinitive, ‘to be captured’.
3	μὲν	μέν	PART	PART	_	2 ἁλῶναι	discourse	high
4	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	PREP	AdpType=Prep	5 κράτος	case	high
5	κράτος	κράτος	NOUN	N-ASN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	2 ἁλῶναι	obl	high	Prepositional phrase κατὰ κράτος, ‘by force’.
6	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-ASN-	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	7 τεῖχος	det	high
7	τεῖχος	τεῖχος	NOUN	N-ASN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	2 ἁλῶναι	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitive.
8	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	9 ὑπερβάντων	cc	high	Coordinates the alternative genitive-absolute circumstance.
9	ὑπερβάντων	ὑπερβαίνω	VERB	V--GAP-	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aorist\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	2 ἁλῶναι	advcl	medium	Genitive absolute; its understood subject is τῶν Ἀκαρνάνων.
10	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPM-	Case=Gen\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	11 Ἀκαρνάνων	det	high
11	Ἀκαρνάνων	Ἀκαρνάν	PROPN	N-GPM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 ὑπερβάντων	nsubj	high	Genitive-absolute subject.
12	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 ἀπολιπεῖν	cc	high	Coordinates the second infinitival alternative.
13	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	14 ἀπολιπεῖν	cc	high	Correlative/emphatic coordination with ἢ.
14	ἀπολιπεῖν	ἀπολείπω	VERB	V--AAN-	Tense=Aorist\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	2 ἁλῶναι	conj	high	Second infinitive coordinated with ἁλῶναι.
15	βιασθεῖσιν	βιάζω	VERB	V--GPP-	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aorist\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	14 ἀπολιπεῖν	advcl	medium	Dative plural aorist passive participle; syntactically compressed, likely circumstance/agentive condition for the infinitive.
16	αὐτοῖς	αὐτός	PRON	P-GPD-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Prs	15 βιασθεῖσιν	obl	medium	Dative associated with βιασθεῖσιν; may be construed as the persons forced to abandon the garrison.
17	τὴν	ὁ	DET	T-ASF-	Case=Acc\|Definite=Def\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 φρουρὰν	det	high
18	φρουρὰν	φρουρά	NOUN	N-ASF-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	14 ἀπολιπεῖν	obj	high	Object of ἀπολιπεῖν.
19	δέος	δέος	NOUN	N-NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 ἦν	nsubj	high	Subject of the copular/possessive clause.
20	ἦν	εἰμί	AUX	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imperfect\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
21	οὐδέν	οὐδείς	PRON	P-NSN-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Ind	20 ἦν	xcomp	medium	Predicative/quantificational complement: ‘there was no fear at all’; could alternatively be treated as an adjectival modifier of δέος.
22	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἦν	punct	high

Sentence 3

4.25.9 sentence 3

Tokens: 24
Input: 813
Output: 1,672
Total: 2,485

ἐς μὲν δὴ τοὺς Ἀκαρνᾶνας ἐχρῶντο ἀπὸ τοῦ τείχους χλευασίᾳ, μὴ σφᾶς τὰ σιτία προδοῦναί ποτε ἂν μηδὲ ἐς ἔτος δέκατον πολιορκουμένους·

The opening clause has χράομαι with a dative of manner (χλευασίᾳ) and a prepositional source phrase; the following accusative-infinitive construction reports the defenders' taunt. πολιορκουμένους is an accusative participle agreeing with σφᾶς, with μηδέ introducing the duration-based alternative.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	Adp	Case=Acc	5 Ἀκαρνᾶνας	case	high
2	μὲν	μέν	PART	Part	_	6 ἐχρῶντο	discourse	high	Correlative particle.
3	δὴ	δή	PART	Part	_	6 ἐχρῶντο	discourse	high
4	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	Art	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 Ἀκαρνᾶνας	det	high
5	Ἀκαρνᾶνας	Ἀκαρνάν	PROPN	N--A\|m-p	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	6 ἐχρῶντο	obl	high	Person/group name used as object of ridicule directed at.
6	ἐχρῶντο	χράομαι	VERB	V- Impf Depon Ind 3 Pl	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Med	0 ROOT	root	high	Deponent imperfect.
7	ἀπὸ	ἀπό	ADP	Adp	Case=Gen	9 τείχους	case	high
8	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	Art	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	9 τείχους	det	high
9	τείχους	τεῖχος	NOUN	N--G\|n-s	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 ἐχρῶντο	obl	high	Source/location phrase: from the wall.
10	χλευασίᾳ	χλευασία	NOUN	N--D\|f-s	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 ἐχρῶντο	obl	high	Dative of manner/means.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐχρῶντο	punct	high
12	μὴ	μή	PART	Part	Polarity=Neg	16 προδοῦναί	advmod	high	Negates the infinitival clause.
13	σφᾶς	σφεῖς	PRON	P--A\|3p	Case=Acc\|Number=Plur\|Person=3	16 προδοῦναί	nsubj	high	Accusative subject of the infinitives.
14	τὰ	ὁ	DET	Art	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	15 σιτία	det	high
15	σιτία	σιτίον	NOUN	N--A\|n-p	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	16 προδοῦναί	obj	high
16	προδοῦναί	προδίδωμι	VERB	V- Aor Act Inf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	6 ἐχρῶντο	xcomp	high	Infinitive in reported/mock claim; governed by χράομαι in idiomatic construction.
17	ποτε	ποτε	ADV	Adv	_	16 προδοῦναί	advmod	high
18	ἂν	ἄν	PART	Part	_	16 προδοῦναί	aux	medium	Modal particle with the infinitival construction.
19	μηδὲ	μηδέ	CCONJ	Conj	Polarity=Neg	23 πολιορκουμένους	cc	high	Coordinates the second negative alternative.
20	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	Adp	Case=Acc	21 ἔτος	case	high
21	ἔτος	ἔτος	NOUN	N--A\|n-s	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	23 πολιορκουμένους	obl	high	Accusative of duration.
22	δέκατον	δέκατος	ADJ	A--A\|n-s	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	21 ἔτος	amod	high
23	πολιορκουμένους	πολιορκέω	VERB	V- Pres Pas Ptcp A-m-p	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Pass	16 προδοῦναί	advcl	medium	Accusative participle agreeing with σφᾶς; elliptical temporal/concessive sense, coordinated under μηδέ.
24	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐχρῶντο	punct	high

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