Grammar parses for passage 4.25.4
Open translation for this passage
μετεβουλεύετό τε δή σφισι καὶ αὐτίκα ἐπὶ Μεσσηνίους τρέπονται τοὺς ἐν Οἰνιάδαις.
The impersonal μετεβουλεύετο means ‘a plan was being formed’; σφισι is a dative of the interested persons, and τρέπονται is coordinated with the preceding verb, with τοὺς ἐν Οἰνιάδαις as its object.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μετεβουλεύετό | μεταβουλεύομαι | VERB | V-3IIM/P-S3 | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 9 τρέπονται | conj | medium | Impersonal middle/passive-form verb; ἐτό is orthographic accentuation before τε. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 μετεβουλεύετό | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | δή | δή | PART | PART | _ | 1 μετεβουλεύετό | advmod | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | σφισι | σφεῖς | PRON | P-3AP-D | Case=Dative|Number=Plural|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 1 μετεβουλεύετό | iobj | medium | Dative plural third-person pronoun, likely dative of interest. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 τρέπονται | cc | high | Coordinates the verbal predicates. |
| 6 | αὐτίκα | αὐτίκα | ADV | ADV | _ | 9 τρέπονται | advmod | high | Temporal adverb, ‘immediately’. |
| 7 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 8 Μεσσηνίους | case | high | Preposition governing the accusative. |
| 8 | Μεσσηνίους | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A-M-P | Case=Accusative|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 9 τρέπονται | obl | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective, object of ἐπί. |
| 9 | τρέπονται | τρέπω | VERB | V-PMI-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Present|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main predicate; middle voice means ‘turn/turn themselves against’. |
| 10 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-AMP | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural|PronType=Art | 8 Μεσσηνίους | det | high | Article substantivizing the following participial/local phrase. |
| 11 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 Οἰνιάδαις | case | high | Preposition governing the dative. |
| 12 | Οἰνιάδαις | Οἰνιάδαι | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dative|Gender=Feminine|NameType=Geo|Number=Plural | 8 Μεσσηνίους | nmod | high | Place name in the dative after ἐν; modifies the substantivized τοὺς. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 τρέπονται | punct | high |
καὶ οἱ μὲν ὡς πολιορκήσοντες παρεσκευάζοντο·
The substantival article οἱ is the plural nominative subject of παρεσκευάζοντο; ὡς with the future participle expresses intended purpose or prospective circumstance.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 παρεσκευάζοντο | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 παρεσκευάζοντο | nsubj | high | Article used substantivally: ‘they’. |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 6 παρεσκευάζοντο | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; counterpart may be supplied or occur later. |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | _ | _ | 5 πολιορκήσοντες | mark | medium | Introduces a prospective/purpose-like participial construction. |
| 5 | πολιορκήσοντες | πολιορκέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 παρεσκευάζοντο | advcl | high | Future active nominative masculine plural participle, agreeing with οἱ. |
| 6 | παρεσκευάζοντο | παρασκευάζω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 παρεσκευάζοντο | punct | high |
οὐ γάρ ποτε ὑπελάμβανον ἄνδρας οὕτως ὀλίγους ἐς τοσοῦτον ἀπονοίας ἥξειν ὡς μαχέσασθαι πρὸς τὴν Ἀκαρνάνων ἁπάντων στρατιάν.
Main verb ὑπελάμβανον governs ἄνδρας as its accusative subject in an infinitival construction; ἥξειν is a complementary infinitive with ὡς introducing the result/consecutive infinitive μαχέσασθαι. The antecedent of the implied subject of ἥξειν/μαχέσασθαι is ἄνδρας.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | D | Polarity=Neg | 4 ὑπελάμβανον | advmod | high | |
| 2 | γάρ | γάρ | CCONJ | G | _ | 4 ὑπελάμβανον | cc | high | |
| 3 | ποτε | ποτε | ADV | D | _ | 4 ὑπελάμβανον | advmod | high | |
| 4 | ὑπελάμβανον | ὑπολαμβάνω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | ἄνδρας | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἥξειν | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitival complement; also semantically controls the following infinitives. |
| 6 | οὕτως | οὕτως | ADV | D | _ | 7 ὀλίγους | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ὀλίγους | ὀλίγος | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἄνδρας | amod | high | |
| 8 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R | _ | 10 ἀπονοίας | case | high | |
| 9 | τοσοῦτον | τοσοῦτος | ADJ | A-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἀπονοίας | obl | medium | Substantivized accusative expressing degree, governed by ἐς. |
| 10 | ἀπονοίας | ἀπόνοια | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 τοσοῦτον | nmod | high | |
| 11 | ἥξειν | ἥκω | VERB | V-FAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Future|Voice=Active | 4 ὑπελάμβανον | xcomp | high | |
| 12 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 13 μαχέσασθαι | mark | medium | Consecutive/result marker introducing μαχέσασθαι. |
| 13 | μαχέσασθαι | μάχομαι | VERB | V-ANM | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 11 ἥξειν | advcl | medium | Infinitive of result/consequence dependent on ἥξειν. |
| 14 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 18 στρατιάν | case | high | |
| 15 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 στρατιάν | det | high | |
| 16 | Ἀκαρνάνων | Ἀκαρνάν | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 18 στρατιάν | nmod | high | Ethnic proper name in the plural. |
| 17 | ἁπάντων | ἅπας | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 Ἀκαρνάνων | amod | high | |
| 18 | στρατιάν | στρατιά | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 μαχέσασθαι | obl | high | |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ὑπελάμβανον | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ Μεσσήνιοι προητοιμασμένοι μὲν καὶ σῖτον καὶ τὰ ἄλλα ἦσαν ὁπόσα εἰκὸς ἦν, πολιορκίας πειράσεσθαι μακροτέρας ἐλπίζοντες·
The sentence has a predicative participial construction (προητοιμασμένοι ... ἦσαν) with an impersonal εἰκὸς ἦν clause and a circumstantial participle ἐλπίζοντες governing the future-middle infinitive πειράσεσθαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | article-nom-mpl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Μεσσήνιοι | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 11 ἦσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Μεσσήνιοι | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | noun-nom-mpl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | προητοιμασμένοι | προετοιμάζω | VERB | verb-perf-midpart-nom-mpl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Mid | 11 ἦσαν | xcomp | medium | Perfect middle/passive participle functioning predicatively with ἦσαν. |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | part | _ | 4 προητοιμασμένοι | advmod | high | Correlative μέν anticipates the later contrast. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 7 σῖτον | cc | high | |
| 7 | σῖτον | σῖτος | NOUN | noun-acc-ms | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 προητοιμασμένοι | obj | high | Object of προητοιμασμένοι. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 10 ἄλλα | cc | high | |
| 9 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | article-acc-npl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἄλλα | det | high | |
| 10 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | adj-acc-npl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 σῖτον | conj | high | Substantivized adjective, coordinated with σῖτον. |
| 11 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | verb-imperf-act-ind-3pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | ὁπόσα | ὁπόσος | ADJ | adj-nom-npl | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 ἦν | nsubj | medium | Neuter plural relative-like quantifier, with understood subject of εἰκὸς ἦν. |
| 13 | εἰκὸς | εἰκός | ADJ | adj-nom-ns | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 ἦν | xcomp | high | Impersonal adjective in the expression εἰκὸς ἦν. |
| 14 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | verb-imperf-act-ind-3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 4 προητοιμασμένοι | advcl | medium | Impersonal clause modifying προητοιμασμένοι: as much as was reasonable/likely. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 16 | πολιορκίας | πολιορκία | NOUN | noun-gen-fs | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 πειράσεσθαι | obj | medium | Genitive object with πειράσεσθαι, in the sense of undergoing/experiencing a siege. |
| 17 | πειράσεσθαι | πειράομαι | VERB | verb-fut-mid-inf | Mood=Inf|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 19 ἐλπίζοντες | xcomp | medium | Future middle infinitive dependent on ἐλπίζοντες; middle means experience/undergo. |
| 18 | μακροτέρας | μακρός | ADJ | adj-gen-fs-comp | Case=Gen|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 πολιορκίας | amod | high | |
| 19 | ἐλπίζοντες | ἐλπίζω | VERB | verb-pres-actpart-nom-mpl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 ἦσαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle sharing the subject Μεσσήνιοι. |
| 20 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἦσαν | punct | high |