Grammar parses for passage 4.26.4
Open translation for this passage
ἐγένετό τε οὐ μετὰ πολὺ ἐν Λεύκτροις Λακεδαιμονίων τὸ ἀτύχημα ὀφειλόμενον ἐκ παλαιοῦ·
The sentence is an existential-style clause: the disaster at Leuctra occurred not long afterward; ὀφειλόμενον agrees with ἀτύχημα and describes it as a longstanding debt or consequence.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐγένετό | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AIA3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist middle indicative, with final accent reflecting postpositive τε or sentence accentuation. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἐγένετό | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PTC | Polarity=Neg | 1 ἐγένετό | advmod | high | Negates the temporal phrase. |
| 4 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 πολὺ | case | high | Preposition governing πολὺ, with temporal meaning. |
| 5 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἐγένετό | obl | high | Accusative neuter used substantivally in the temporal expression μετὰ πολὺ. |
| 6 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 Λεύκτροις | case | high | Preposition governing the locative plural. |
| 7 | Λεύκτροις | Λεῦκτρα | PROPN | N-NPN | Case=Loc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 ἐγένετό | obl | high | Place name, locative plural after ἐν. |
| 8 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἀτύχημα | nmod | high | Genitive of possession or association: the Lacedaemonians' disaster. |
| 9 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἀτύχημα | det | high | Article agreeing with ἀτύχημα. |
| 10 | ἀτύχημα | ἀτύχημα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ἐγένετό | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative subject of ἐγένετο. |
| 11 | ὀφειλόμενον | ὀφείλω | VERB | V-PMPNSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 10 ἀτύχημα | acl | medium | Present passive participle agreeing with ἀτύχημα; means 'owed/due', with ἐκ παλαιοῦ indicating longstanding origin. Morphological analyses may treat it as an adjective. |
| 12 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 παλαιοῦ | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 13 | παλαιοῦ | παλαιός | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 ὀφειλόμενον | obl | high | Substantivized neuter genitive, 'from of old'; dependent on the participle. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἐγένετό | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ὡς ἐν μὲν τῷ παρόντι ἐκεῖνον δέον καὶ Μεσσηνίους κακῶς πρᾶξαι, χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον καὶ Λακεδαίμονα ἐπιληψομένης τῆς ἄτης.
ὡς introduces an explanatory accusative-and-infinitive construction; δέον is an impersonal participle governing πρᾶξαι, while ἐπιληψομένης agrees with the genitive subject τῆς ἄτης in a coordinated temporal qualification. The exact attachment of the μὲν/δέ phrases is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C | _ | 7 δέον | mark | medium | Explanatory/content conjunction introducing the infinitival construction. |
| 2 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 5 παρόντι | case | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 5 παρόντι | discourse | high | Correlative particle balanced by δέ. |
| 4 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Td | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 παρόντι | det | high | |
| 5 | παρόντι | πάρειμι | VERB | V3spamp | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 δέον | obl | medium | Substantivized present participle, 'the present time'. |
| 6 | ἐκεῖνον | ἐκεῖνος | PRON | Pd | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 πρᾶξαι | obj | high | |
| 7 | δέον | δέω | VERB | V3spnap | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 11 πρᾶξαι | advcl | medium | Impersonal δεῖν-like participle; nominative neuter singular form used adverbially. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 9 Μεσσηνίους | cc | high | |
| 9 | Μεσσηνίους | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | Ne | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 πρᾶξαι | obj | high | Coordinated accusative object of πρᾶξαι. |
| 10 | κακῶς | κακῶς | ADV | Dq | _ | 11 πρᾶξαι | advmod | high | |
| 11 | πρᾶξαι | πράσσω | VERB | V--ana | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist active infinitive; governs the accusative subjects/objects in the construction. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 πρᾶξαι | punct | high | |
| 13 | χρόνῳ | χρόνος | NOUN | Nb | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπιληψομένης | obl | medium | Dative of time, 'in course of time'; attachment to the participial clause is elliptical. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Df | _ | 18 ἐπιληψομένης | discourse | high | Correlative particle balancing μὲν. |
| 15 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | Dq | _ | 18 ἐπιληψομένης | advmod | high | |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 17 Λακεδαίμονα | cc | high | |
| 17 | Λακεδαίμονα | Λακεδαίμων | PROPN | Ne | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπιληψομένης | obj | medium | Accusative object of ἐπιληψομένης; personified Sparta. |
| 18 | ἐπιληψομένης | ἐπιλαμβάνω | VERB | V3sfampt | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Fut|Voice=Mid | 7 δέον | advcl | medium | Future middle participle, with genitive subject τῆς ἄτης; exact semantic force is prospective. |
| 19 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | Td | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἄτης | det | high | |
| 20 | ἄτης | ἄτη | NOUN | Ncf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 ἐπιληψομένης | nsubj | high | Genitive subject of the participle. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 πρᾶξαι | punct | high |