Grammar parses for passage 4.27.10
Open translation for this passage
οἱ δὲ Μινύαι, μετὰ τὴν μάχην τὴν ἐν Λεύκτροις ἐκπεσόντες ὑπὸ Θηβαίων ἐξ Ὀρχομενοῦ, κατήχθησαν ἐς Βοιωτίαν ὑπὸ Φιλίππου τοῦ Ἀμύντου, καὶ οὗτοι καὶ οἱ Πλαταιεῖς.
The final καὶ οὗτοι καὶ οἱ Πλαταιεῖς coordinates/resumes the plural subject of κατήχθησαν; ἐκπεσόντες is a nominative participle agreeing with Μινύαι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | article-Nom.Masc.Pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 Μινύαι | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 κατήχθησαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Μινύαι | Μινύαι | PROPN | N--Nom.Masc.Pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 17 κατήχθησαν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 κατήχθησαν | punct | high | |
| 5 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 μάχην | case | high | With accusative: after. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | article-Acc.Fem.Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 μάχην | det | high | |
| 7 | μάχην | μάχη | NOUN | N--Acc.Fem.Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐκπεσόντες | obl | high | Object of μετά. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | article-Acc.Fem.Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 Λεύκτροις | det | high | |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 10 Λεύκτροις | case | high | |
| 10 | Λεύκτροις | Λεῦκτρα | PROPN | N--Dat.Neu.Pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 μάχην | nmod | high | Place-name in the relative/attributive phrase. |
| 11 | ἐκπεσόντες | ἐκπίπτω | VERB | V--PAP-Nom.Masc.Pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 17 κατήχθησαν | advcl | high | Aorist-form ambiguity is possible in context; parsed here as participial circumstance. |
| 12 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Θηβαίων | case | high | Agent phrase with passive/resultative ἐκπεσόντες. |
| 13 | Θηβαίων | Θηβαῖος | PROPN | A--Gen.Masc.Pl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἐκπεσόντες | obl:agent | high | Theban agents. |
| 14 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 15 Ὀρχομενοῦ | case | high | |
| 15 | Ὀρχομενοῦ | Ὀρχομενός | PROPN | N--Gen.Masc.Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἐκπεσόντες | obl | high | Source/place complement of ἐκπίπτω. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 κατήχθησαν | punct | high | |
| 17 | κατήχθησαν | κατάγω | VERB | V--API-3Pl | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 18 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 Βοιωτίαν | case | high | |
| 19 | Βοιωτίαν | Βοιωτία | PROPN | N--Acc.Fem.Sing | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 κατήχθησαν | obl | high | Destination. |
| 20 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 21 Φιλίππου | case | high | Agent of the passive verb. |
| 21 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | N--Gen.Masc.Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 κατήχθησαν | obl:agent | high | |
| 22 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | article-Gen.Masc.Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Ἀμύντου | det | high | |
| 23 | Ἀμύντου | Ἄμυντος | PROPN | N--Gen.Masc.Sing | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Φιλίππου | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive apposition to Φιλίππου. |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 κατήχθησαν | punct | high | |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 οὗτοι | cc | high | Coordinates the subjects of the passive predicate. |
| 26 | οὗτοι | οὗτος | PRON | PD-Nom.Masc.Pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 17 κατήχθησαν | conj | high | Resumptive/coordinated subject: these (Minyans). |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 Πλαταιεῖς | cc | high | |
| 28 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | article-Nom.Masc.Pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 Πλαταιεῖς | det | high | |
| 29 | Πλαταιεῖς | Πλαταιεύς | PROPN | N--Nom.Masc.Pl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 26 οὗτοι | conj | high | Coordinated subject, with καί. |
| 30 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 κατήχθησαν | punct | high |
Θηβαίων δὲ αὐτῶν ἐρημώσαντος Ἀλεξάνδρου τὴν πόλιν, αὖθις ἔτεσιν οὐ πολλοῖς ὕστερον Κάσσανδρος Ἀντιπάτρου τὰς Θήβας ἔκτισεν.
The opening genitive absolute means 'when Alexander had devastated the city of the Thebans'; the later clause has Cassander as subject and τὰς Θήβας as object of ἔκτισεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Θηβαίων | Θηβαῖος | ADJ | A-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 ἐρημώσαντος | nsubj | high | Substantivized genitive plural, subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 18 ἔκτισεν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Int | 1 Θηβαίων | det | medium | Intensive pronoun modifying substantivized Θηβαίων; exact semantic force is emphatic. |
| 4 | ἐρημώσαντος | ἐρημόω | VERB | V-AAP-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 18 ἔκτισεν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 5 | Ἀλεξάνδρου | Ἀλέξανδρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐρημώσαντος | nsubj | high | Subject of the genitive absolute. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 7 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐρημώσαντος | obj | high | Object of ἐρημώσαντος. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐρημώσαντος | punct | high | |
| 9 | αὖθις | αὖθις | ADV | ADV | _ | 18 ἔκτισεν | advmod | high | Adverb meaning again. |
| 10 | ἔτεσιν | ἔτος | NOUN | N-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ὕστερον | obl | high | Dative of time within the temporal expression. |
| 11 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 πολλοῖς | advmod | high | Negates πολλοῖς. |
| 12 | πολλοῖς | πολύς | ADJ | A-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἔτεσιν | amod | high | Adjectival modifier of ἔτεσιν. |
| 13 | ὕστερον | ὕστερος | ADV | ADV | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἔκτισεν | advmod | medium | Adverbial temporal expression, with ἔτεσιν οὐ πολλοῖς. |
| 14 | Κάσσανδρος | Κάσσανδρος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 ἔκτισεν | nsubj | high | |
| 15 | Ἀντιπάτρου | Ἀντίπατρος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 Κάσσανδρος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive, Cassander son of Antipater. |
| 16 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 Θήβας | det | high | |
| 17 | Θήβας | Θῆβαι | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 ἔκτισεν | obj | high | Thebes, plural-form proper name. |
| 18 | ἔκτισεν | κτίζω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 ἔκτισεν | punct | high |
φαίνεται μὲν δὴ τῶν κατειλεγμένων ἐπὶ μακρότατον ἡ Πλαταϊκὴ φυγὴ συμβᾶσα, οὐ μέντοι περαιτέρω γε ἢ ἐπὶ δύο ἐγένετο οὐδʼ αὐτὴ γενεάς.
The sentence has φαίνεται as the matrix verb with a genitive partitive/relative nominal phrase τῶν κατειλεγμένων; ἡ Πλαταϊκὴ φυγὴ is the subject, with συμβᾶσα agreeing with it. The second clause uses οὐ ... περαιτέρω ἢ ἐπὶ δύο ... γενεάς, with γενεάς as an accusative measure of temporal extent; οὐδʼ αὐτή reinforces the subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | φαίνεται | φαίνομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Impersonal-looking φαίνεται here governs the genitive phrase and finite subject construction. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 粒 | _ | 1 φαίνεται | discourse | high | Correlative particle, answered by μέντοι. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | 粒 | _ | 1 φαίνεται | discourse | high | Emphatic discourse particle. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 κατειλεγμένων | det | high | Article substantivizing the participle. |
| 5 | κατειλεγμένων | καταλέγω | VERB | V-RMP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 1 φαίνεται | nmod | medium | Perfect passive participle, substantivized: 'of those listed/mentioned'; exact semantic relation to φαίνεται is somewhat elliptical. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P-GEN | _ | 7 μακρότατον | case | high | Preposition with superlative expression. |
| 7 | μακρότατον | μακρός | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Degree=Sup|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 συμβᾶσα | obl | medium | Neuter superlative adverbial accusative, 'for the longest time'; ἐπὶ is treated as attached to the phrase. |
| 8 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 φυγὴ | det | high | Article modifying φυγή. |
| 9 | Πλαταϊκὴ | Πλαταϊκός | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 φυγὴ | amod | high | Ethnic/adjectival modifier of φυγή. |
| 10 | φυγὴ | φυγή | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 φαίνεται | nsubj | high | Subject of φαίνεται and understood subject of συμβᾶσα. |
| 11 | συμβᾶσα | συμβαίνω | VERB | V-2AAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 10 φυγὴ | acl | high | Aorist active participle agreeing with φυγή, describing its occurrence. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φαίνεται | punct | high | |
| 13 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 20 ἐγένετο | advmod | high | Negates the second clause. |
| 14 | μέντοι | μέντοι | PART | _ | _ | 20 ἐγένετο | discourse | high | Adversative particle contrasting with μὲν. |
| 15 | περαιτέρω | περαιτέρω | ADV | _ | Degree=Cmp | 20 ἐγένετο | advmod | high | Comparative adverb, 'farther/longer'. |
| 16 | γε | γε | PART | _ | _ | 15 περαιτέρω | discourse | high | Restrictive/emphatic particle. |
| 17 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ἐγένετο | cc | high | Introduces the limiting comparison after περαιτέρω. |
| 18 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P-ACC | _ | 19 δύο | case | high | Preposition governing δύο in the temporal measure phrase. |
| 19 | δύο | δύο | NUM | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 γενεάς | nummod | medium | Accusative numeral modifying γενεάς; indeclinable form, gender is inferred from the noun. |
| 20 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 φαίνεται | conj | high | Second finite clause coordinated/paratactically attached to φαίνεται; subject is αὐτή. |
| 21 | οὐδʼ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 αὐτὴ | cc | high | Crasi/ellipsis form οὐδέ, reinforcing the negative subject phrase. |
| 22 | αὐτὴ | αὐτός | PRON | P-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 20 ἐγένετο | nsubj | high | Nominative feminine subject of ἐγένετο, referring back to φυγή. |
| 23 | γενεάς | γενεά | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 20 ἐγένετο | obl | high | Accusative of extent of time, governed semantically by ἐγένετο and limited by ἐπὶ δύο. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 φαίνεται | punct | high |