Grammar parses for passage 4.27.2
Open translation for this passage
Λακεδαιμονίων δὲ ἐπὶ στρατοπέδου Διοσκούροις ἑορτὴν ἀγόντων καὶ ἤδη πρὸς πότον καὶ παιδιὰς τετραμμένων μετὰ τὸ ἄριστον, ὁ Γώνιππος καὶ ὁ Πάνορμος χιτῶνας λευκοὺς καὶ χλαμύδας πορφυρᾶς ἐνδύντες ἐπί τε ἵππων τῶν καλλίστων ὀχούμενοι καὶ ἐπὶ ταῖς κεφαλαῖς πίλους, ἐν δὲ ταῖς χερσὶ δόρατα ἔχοντες ἐπιφαίνονται Λακεδαιμονίοις.
The opening genitive absolute (Λακεδαιμονίων ... ἀγόντων καὶ ... τετραμμένων) supplies the background circumstance; the nominative subjects Γώνιππος and Πάνορμος control the coordinated participial phrases leading to ἐπιφαίνονται.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀγόντων | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 48 ἐπιφαίνονται | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 4 στρατοπέδου | case | high | |
| 4 | στρατοπέδου | στρατόπεδον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀγόντων | obl | high | ἐπὶ στρατοπέδου: location. |
| 5 | Διοσκούροις | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἑορτὴν | iobj | high | |
| 6 | ἑορτὴν | ἑορτή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀγόντων | obj | high | |
| 7 | ἀγόντων | ἄγω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 48 ἐπιφαίνονται | advcl | high | Genitive absolute. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 τετραμμένων | cc | high | |
| 9 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | ADV | _ | 14 τετραμμένων | advmod | high | |
| 10 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | _ | 11 πότον | case | high | |
| 11 | πότον | πότος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 τετραμμένων | obl | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 παιδιὰς | cc | high | |
| 13 | παιδιὰς | παιδιά | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 τετραμμένων | obl | high | Coordinated with πότον. |
| 14 | τετραμμένων | τρέπω | VERB | V-RPP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 ἀγόντων | conj | high | Second genitive-absolute participle, coordinated with ἀγόντων. |
| 15 | μετὰ | μετά | ADP | PREP | _ | 17 ἄριστον | case | high | |
| 16 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 ἄριστον | det | high | |
| 17 | ἄριστον | ἄριστον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 τετραμμένων | obl | high | Substantivized neuter adjective, meal. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 48 ἐπιφαίνονται | punct | high | |
| 19 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Γώνιππος | det | high | |
| 20 | Γώνιππος | Γώνιππος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 48 ἐπιφαίνονται | nsubj | high | |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 Πάνορμος | cc | high | |
| 22 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 23 Πάνορμος | det | high | |
| 23 | Πάνορμος | Πάνορμος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 Γώνιππος | conj | high | |
| 24 | χιτῶνας | χιτών | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐνδύντες | obj | high | |
| 25 | λευκοὺς | λευκός | ADJ | A-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 χιτῶνας | amod | high | |
| 26 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 χλαμύδας | cc | high | |
| 27 | χλαμύδας | χλαμύς | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 29 ἐνδύντες | obj | high | Coordinated object with χιτῶνας. |
| 28 | πορφυρᾶς | πορφυροῦς | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 27 χλαμύδας | amod | high | |
| 29 | ἐνδύντες | ἐνδύνω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 48 ἐπιφαίνονται | advcl | high | |
| 30 | ἐπί | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 32 ἵππων | case | high | |
| 31 | τε | τε | PART | PTCL | _ | 35 ὀχούμενοι | cc | high | Correlative τε with later καί. |
| 32 | ἵππων | ἵππος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 35 ὀχούμενοι | obl | high | |
| 33 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 34 καλλίστων | det | high | |
| 34 | καλλίστων | καλός | ADJ | A-GPM-SUP | Case=Gen|Degree=Sup|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 ἵππων | amod | high | |
| 35 | ὀχούμενοι | ὀχέομαι | VERB | V-PPN-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 48 ἐπιφαίνονται | advcl | high | Means/accompanying circumstance. |
| 36 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 47 ἔχοντες | cc | high | Coordinates participial phrase with ἔχοντες. |
| 37 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 39 κεφαλαῖς | case | high | |
| 38 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 39 κεφαλαῖς | det | high | |
| 39 | κεφαλαῖς | κεφαλή | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 40 πίλους | obl | high | |
| 40 | πίλους | πίλος | NOUN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 47 ἔχοντες | obj | high | Accusative of item worn/carried; ἐπί ταῖς κεφαλαῖς is locative modifier. |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 48 ἐπιφαίνονται | punct | high | |
| 42 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | _ | 45 χερσὶ | case | high | |
| 43 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 47 ἔχοντες | cc | high | |
| 44 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 45 χερσὶ | det | high | |
| 45 | χερσὶ | χείρ | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 47 ἔχοντες | obl | high | |
| 46 | δόρατα | δόρυ | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 47 ἔχοντες | obj | high | |
| 47 | ἔχοντες | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 48 ἐπιφαίνονται | advcl | high | |
| 48 | ἐπιφαίνονται | ἐπιφαίνομαι | VERB | V-PII-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 49 | Λακεδαιμονίοις | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 48 ἐπιφαίνονται | iobj | high | Dative of appearance/to whom they appear. |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 48 ἐπιφαίνονται | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ ὡς εἶδον, προσεκύνουν τε καὶ εὔχοντο, ἀφῖχθαι δοκοῦντές σφισιν αὐτοὺς ἐς τὴν θυσίαν τοὺς Διοσκούρους.
The participle δοκοῦντες is parenthetical/participial with nominative subject οἱ; its infinitive ἀφῖχθαι takes accusative subject αὐτούς and destination ἐς τὴν θυσίαν, with τοὺς Διοσκούρους as the infinitive’s accusative subject or appositional identification depending on punctuation/syntactic analysis.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-----NMN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 προσεκύνουν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 6 προσεκύνουν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | -------- | _ | 4 εἶδον | mark | high | Temporal conjunction, ‘when/as’. |
| 4 | εἶδον | ὁράω | VERB | VAAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 6 προσεκύνουν | advcl | high | Aorist temporal subordinate clause. |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 εἶδον | punct | high | |
| 6 | προσεκύνουν | προσκυνέω | VERB | VIAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | First coordinated finite predicate. |
| 7 | τε | τε | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 6 προσεκύνουν | cc | high | Correlative coordinator with καί. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | --------- | _ | 9 εὔχοντο | cc | high | Coordinator linking the second finite verb. |
| 9 | εὔχοντο | εὔχομαι | VERB | VIMI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 6 προσεκύνουν | conj | high | Second coordinated finite predicate. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 εὔχοντο | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἀφῖχθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | VRAI | Mood=Inf|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 12 δοκοῦντές | xcomp | medium | Perfect infinitive in the participial complement; voice morphology is formally active in the infinitive though the verb is deponent. |
| 12 | δοκοῦντές | δοκέω | VERB | VPAPMPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 9 εὔχοντο | advcl | high | Nominative participle agreeing with the subject οἱ. |
| 13 | σφισιν | σφεῖς | PRON | PDMP3P | Case=Dat|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 12 δοκοῦντές | iobj | medium | Dative experiencer with δοκοῦντες, ‘seeming to them’. |
| 14 | αὐτοὺς | αὐτός | PRON | P---AMN | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 11 ἀφῖχθαι | nsubj | medium | Accusative subject of the infinitive; reflexive/contrastive pronoun in context. |
| 15 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R----- | _ | 17 θυσίαν | case | high | |
| 16 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-----ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 θυσίαν | det | high | |
| 17 | θυσίαν | θυσία | NOUN | N-----ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀφῖχθαι | obl | high | Goal/destination of ἀφῖχθαι. |
| 18 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-----AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 Διοσκούρους | det | high | |
| 19 | Διοσκούρους | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | N-----AMP | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 ἀφῖχθαι | obj | high | Accusative object of ἀφῖχθαι; named participants identified as the Dioscuri. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 προσεκύνουν | punct | high |