Grammar parses for passage 4.27.3
Open translation for this passage
οἱ νεανίσκοι δὲ ὡς ἅπαξ ἀνεμίχθησαν, διεξήλαυνον διὰ πάντων παίοντες τοῖς δόρασι, καὶ ἤδη κειμένων πολλῶν ἀποχωροῦσιν ἐς Ἀνδανίαν, καθυβρίσαντες τῶν Διοσκούρων τῇ θυσίᾳ.
Main predicate διεξήλαυνον coordinates with ἀποχωροῦσιν; ὡς-clause is temporal. The genitive τῶν Διοσκούρων with καθυβρίσαντες is construed as the offended party/object of insult; κειμένων πολλῶν is an absolute genitive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T----NM-P | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 νεανίσκοι | det | high | |
| 2 | νεανίσκοι | νεανίσκος | NOUN | N-----NM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 διεξήλαυνον | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 διεξήλαυνον | cc | high | |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 6 ἀνεμίχθησαν | mark | high | Temporal/consecutive introductory conjunction. |
| 5 | ἅπαξ | ἅπαξ | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 ἀνεμίχθησαν | advmod | high | |
| 6 | ἀνεμίχθησαν | ἀναμείγνυμι | VERB | V3PAAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 8 διεξήλαυνον | advcl | high | Aorist passive, ‘were mingled/engaged’. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀνεμίχθησαν | punct | high | |
| 8 | διεξήλαυνον | διεξελαύνω | VERB | V3PIAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | διὰ | διά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 πάντων | case | high | |
| 10 | πάντων | πᾶς | PRON | A---G-P- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 διεξήλαυνον | obl | high | Substantivized genitive plural. |
| 11 | παίοντες | παίω | VERB | V-PAPNM-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 διεξήλαυνον | advcl | high | Concomitant participle. |
| 12 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T---DMP- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 δόρασι | det | high | |
| 13 | δόρασι | δόρυ | NOUN | N-----DN- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 παίοντες | obl | high | Instrumental dative. |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 παίοντες | punct | high | |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 19 ἀποχωροῦσιν | cc | high | |
| 16 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 19 ἀποχωροῦσιν | advmod | high | |
| 17 | κειμένων | κεῖμαι | VERB | V-PMPGPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 19 ἀποχωροῦσιν | advcl | high | Genitive absolute participle. |
| 18 | πολλῶν | πολύς | ADJ | A---GPN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 κειμένων | nsubj | high | Substantival ‘many’; neuter plural with κειμένων. |
| 19 | ἀποχωροῦσιν | ἀποχωρέω | VERB | V3PPAI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 διεξήλαυνον | conj | high | Coordinate finite verb; subject understood as νεανίσκοι. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 21 Ἀνδανίαν | case | high | |
| 21 | Ἀνδανίαν | Ἀνδανία | PROPN | Ne----A--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 ἀποχωροῦσιν | obl | high | |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 καθυβρίσαντες | punct | high | |
| 23 | καθυβρίσαντες | καθυβρίζω | VERB | V-PAPA-P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 19 ἀποχωροῦσιν | advcl | medium | Aorist participle; genitive τῶν Διοσκούρων is construed as its object/affected party. |
| 24 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T---GMP- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 Διοσκούρων | det | high | |
| 25 | Διοσκούρων | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | Ne----G-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 23 καθυβρίσαντες | obj | medium | Genitive object/affected party with καθυβρίζω; construction is somewhat noncanonical. |
| 26 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T---DSF- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 θυσίᾳ | det | high | |
| 27 | θυσίᾳ | θυσία | NOUN | N-----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 καθυβρίσαντες | obl | medium | Dative of occasion/circumstance: ‘in/at the sacrifice’. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 διεξήλαυνον | punct | high |
τοῦτο ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν προήγαγε τοὺς Διοσκούρους ἐς τὸ ἔχθος τὸ Μεσσηνίων·
The sequence τοῦτο ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν is syntactically compressed; δοκεῖν is treated as a complementary infinitive associated with the finite προήγαγε, while ἐμοί is its dative experiencer.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PD----N | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 προήγαγε | nsubj | high | Neuter demonstrative subject of προήγαγε. |
| 2 | ἐμοὶ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1-S---D | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs | 3 δοκεῖν | iobj | high | Dative of the experiencer with δοκεῖν. |
| 3 | δοκεῖν | δοκέω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 προήγαγε | xcomp | medium | Articular infinitive-like complementary infinitive, construed with προήγαγε; exact scope is somewhat compressed. |
| 4 | προήγαγε | προάγω | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite main verb. |
| 5 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | P--PAM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 Διοσκούρους | det | high | Article agreeing with Διοσκούρους. |
| 6 | Διοσκούρους | Διόσκουρος | PROPN | N--PAM--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 προήγαγε | obj | high | Proper-name object of προήγαγε. |
| 7 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 ἔχθος | case | high | Preposition governing accusative ἔχθος. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | P--SAN--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ἔχθος | det | high | Article agreeing with ἔχθος. |
| 9 | ἔχθος | ἔχθος | NOUN | N-SNA---- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 προήγαγε | obl | high | Accusative object of the preposition ἐς. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | P-SNN--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 11 Μεσσηνίων | det | medium | Form is identical across cases; interpreted here as genitive plural article agreeing with Μεσσηνίων, with anomalous or contracted article usage. |
| 11 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N--PG--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἔχθος | nmod | high | Genitive plural dependent on ἔχθος: hostility toward the Messenians. |
| 12 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 προήγαγε | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
τότε δέ, ὡς ἐδήλου τῷ Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ τὸ ὄνειρον, οὐκ ἦν ἔτι τοῖς Διοσκούροις ἀκούσιος τῶν Μεσσηνίων ἡ κάθοδος.
The ὡς-clause is attached adverbially to ἦν; ἀκούσιος is a predicate adjective with dative Διοσκούροις and subject ἡ κάθοδος.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τότε | τότε | ADV | Adverb | PronType=Dem | 12 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δέ | δέ | CCONJ | Conjunction | _ | 12 ἦν | cc | high | |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐδήλου | punct | high | |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | Conjunction | _ | 5 ἐδήλου | mark | medium | Introduces a temporal/interpretive subordinate clause. |
| 5 | ἐδήλου | δηλόω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 12 ἦν | advcl | high | |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | Art-Dat-Sg-Mas | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἐπαμινώνδᾳ | Ἐπαμεινώνδας | PROPN | N-Dat-Sg-Mas | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ἐδήλου | iobj | high | |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | Art-Nom-Sg-Neu | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 ὄνειρον | det | high | |
| 9 | ὄνειρον | ὄνειρος | NOUN | N-Nom-Sg-Neu | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐδήλου | nsubj | high | |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐδήλου | punct | high | |
| 11 | οὐκ | οὐ | PART | Part-Neg | Polarity=Neg | 12 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 12 | ἦν | εἰμί | AUX | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | Adverb | _ | 12 ἦν | advmod | high | |
| 14 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Art-Dat-Pl-Mas | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 Διοσκούροις | det | high | |
| 15 | Διοσκούροις | Διόσκουροι | PROPN | N-Dat-Pl-Mas | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ἀκούσιος | obl | high | Dative of agent/experiencer with ἀκούσιος. |
| 16 | ἀκούσιος | ἀκούσιος | ADJ | A-Nom-Sg-Fem | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 κάθοδος | amod | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with ἡ κάθοδος. |
| 17 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Art-Gen-Pl-Mas | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 18 Μεσσηνίων | det | high | |
| 18 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | PROPN | N-Gen-Pl-Mas | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 κάθοδος | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κάθοδος: descent/return of the Messenians. |
| 19 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | Art-Nom-Sg-Fem | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 20 κάθοδος | det | high | |
| 20 | κάθοδος | κάθοδος | NOUN | N-Nom-Sg-Fem | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἦν | nsubj | high | Subject of copular ἦν. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἦν | punct | high |