Grammar parses for passage 4.27.4
Open translation for this passage
μάλιστα δὲ τὸν Ἐπαμινώνδαν ἐς τὸν οἰκισμὸν οἱ Βάκιδος ἐνῆγον χρησμοί.
Ἐπαμινώνδαν is the accusative object of ἐνῆγον; ἐς τὸν οἰκισμὸν is a directional complement. οἱ Βάκιδος χρησμοί means ‘the oracles of Bacis’, with Βάκιδος a genitive proper name; μάλιστα scopes over the clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μάλιστα | μάλα | ADV | ADV-SUP | Degree=Sup | 10 ἐνῆγον | advmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 ἐνῆγον | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἐπαμινώνδαν | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἐπαμινώνδαν | Ἐπαμινώνδας | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐνῆγον | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐνῆγον. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 οἰκισμὸν | case | high | |
| 6 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 οἰκισμὸν | det | high | |
| 7 | οἰκισμὸν | οἰκισμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 ἐνῆγον | obl | high | Directional accusative complement with ἐς. |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 χρησμοί | det | high | |
| 9 | Βάκιδος | Βάκις | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 χρησμοί | nmod | high | Genitive of possession/source. |
| 10 | ἐνῆγον | ἐνάγω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | χρησμοί | χρησμός | NOUN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 ἐνῆγον | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐνῆγον. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 10 ἐνῆγον | punct | high |
Βάκιδι γὰρ μανέντι ἐκ Νυμφῶν ἐς ἄλλους τέ ἐστιν Ἑλλήνων καὶ ἐς τὴν Μεσσηνίων κάθοδον προειρημένα καὶ τότε δὴ Σπάρτης μὲν ἀπʼ ἀγλαὸν ἄνθος ὀλεῖται, Μεσσήνη δʼ αὖτις οἰκήσεται ἤματα πάντα.
The sentence has an impersonal εἰμί construction: προειρημένα agrees with an understood neuter plural subject, while Βάκιδι μανέντι is a dative circumstance/agent phrase; the coordinated prophecies govern the later clauses. The exact attachment of ἐκ Νυμφῶν and the first ἐς phrase is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Βάκιδι | Βάκις | PROPN | N--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 μανέντι | obl | high | Dative with μανέντι, denoting the inspired Bacis. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | G--------- | _ | 16 προειρημένα | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | μανέντι | μαίνομαι | VERB | V--AAPDSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 16 προειρημένα | advcl | medium | Aorist passive participle, idiomatically ‘having become inspired/mad’; dative agrees with Βάκιδι. |
| 4 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R--------- | _ | 5 Νυμφῶν | case | high | Preposition governing Νυμφῶν. |
| 5 | Νυμφῶν | Νύμφη | NOUN | N--GPF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 μανέντι | obl | medium | Genitive after ἐκ; source/origin of the inspiration. |
| 6 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 7 ἄλλους | case | high | Preposition governing ἄλλους. |
| 7 | ἄλλους | ἄλλος | ADJ | A--APM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 προειρημένα | obl | medium | Substantivized adjective, ‘other [Greeks]’; destination/topic of prophecies. |
| 8 | τέ | τε | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 9 ἐστιν | cc | medium | Correlative/postpositive conjunction linking the two ἐς phrases. |
| 9 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PIA3-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 16 προειρημένα | cop | high | Impersonal copula with neuter plural προειρημένα. |
| 10 | Ἑλλήνων | Ἕλλην | NOUN | N--GPM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἄλλους | nmod | high | Genitive defining the substantivized ἄλλους. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 15 κάθοδον | cc | high | Coordinates the two objects/destinations of the prophecies. |
| 12 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R--------- | _ | 15 κάθοδον | case | high | Preposition governing κάθοδον. |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 κάθοδον | det | high | Article agreeing with κάθοδον. |
| 14 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A--GPM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 κάθοδον | nmod | high | Ethnic adjective used substantivally or attributively: ‘of the Messenians’. |
| 15 | κάθοδον | κάοδος | NOUN | N--ASF-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 προειρημένα | obl | high | Accusative object/topic of the prophecies after εἰς. |
| 16 | προειρημένα | προαγορεύω | VERB | V-RPNPN-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Perfect passive participle, neuter plural with impersonal εἰμί; ‘things previously foretold’. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 25 ὀλεῖται | cc | high | Coordinates the following prophetic result with the preceding statement. |
| 18 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D--------- | _ | 25 ὀλεῖται | advmod | high | Temporal adverb. |
| 19 | δὴ | δή | PART | G--------- | _ | 18 τότε | discourse | high | Emphatic particle with τότε. |
| 20 | Σπάρτης | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N--GSF-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 25 ὀλεῖται | obl | high | Genitive of separation/source with ἀπό. |
| 21 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 25 ὀλεῖται | cc | high | First member of μέν...δέ contrast. |
| 22 | ἀπʼ | ἀπό | ADP | R--------- | _ | 20 Σπάρτης | case | high | Elided preposition governing Σπάρτης. |
| 23 | ἀγλαὸν | ἀγλαός | ADJ | A--ASN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 ἄνθος | amod | high | Adjective agreeing with ἄνθος. |
| 24 | ἄνθος | ἄνθος | NOUN | N--ASN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 ὀλεῖται | obj | high | Accusative object of ὀλεῖται; figurative ‘flower/glory’. |
| 25 | ὀλεῖται | ὄλλυμι | VERB | V-FMI3-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 16 προειρημένα | parataxis | high | Future middle, coordinated prophetic clause; subject is ἄνθος. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 25 ὀλεῖται | punct | high | Comma. |
| 27 | Μεσσήνη | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | N--NSF-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 30 οἰκήσεται | nsubj | high | Subject of οἰκήσεται. |
| 28 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 30 οἰκήσεται | cc | high | Second member of μέν...δέ contrast. |
| 29 | αὖτις | αὖτις | ADV | D--------- | _ | 30 οἰκήσεται | advmod | high | Adverb ‘again’. |
| 30 | οἰκήσεται | οἰκέω | VERB | V-FMI3-S-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Fut|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 16 προειρημένα | parataxis | high | Future middle, coordinated with ὀλεῖται; ‘will be inhabited/settled again’. |
| 31 | ἤματα | ἦμαρ | NOUN | N--APN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 οἰκήσεται | obl | high | Accusative of duration. |
| 32 | πάντα | πᾶς | ADJ | A--APN-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 31 ἤματα | amod | high | Agrees with ἤματα: ‘all days/forever’. |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 προειρημένα | punct | high | Full stop. |
ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ περὶ τῆς Εἴρας, ὅντινα ἁλώσοιτο τρόπον, Βάκιν ἐφώρασα εἰρηκότα·
The sentence has ἐγώ as the subject of ἐφώρασα, Βάκιν as its object, and εἰρηκότα as a predicative accusative participle after the object-complement construction; ὅντινα τρόπον is an embedded interrogative manner expression modifying ἁλώσοιτο. The tense and mood of ἁλώσοιτο are somewhat context-dependent.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐγὼ | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1NS | Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 13 ἐφώρασα | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 ἐφώρασα | cc | high | |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 ἐφώρασα | advmod | high | Conjunctive/additive καί. |
| 4 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 Εἴρας | case | high | |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | LGSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Εἴρας | det | high | |
| 6 | Εἴρας | Εἴρα | PROPN | NeaFsg | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἐφώρασα | obl | high | Topic/domain phrase: περὶ τῆς Εἴρας. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐφώρασα | punct | high | |
| 8 | ὅντινα | ὅστις | PRON | PQASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 τρόπον | det | medium | Used adjectivally with τρόπον in an interrogative/indefinite manner expression. |
| 9 | ἁλώσοιτο | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V3SMAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Future|Voice=Middle | 10 τρόπον | acl | low | Form is morphologically ambiguous in context; parsed provisionally as 3sg future middle indicative, with τρόπον as the manner complement. |
| 10 | τρόπον | τρόπος | NOUN | N-ASAM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐφώρασα | advcl | medium | Accusative of manner introducing the embedded clause. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐφώρασα | punct | high | |
| 12 | Βάκιν | Βάκις | PROPN | NeASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 ἐφώρασα | obj | high | Accusative object of ἐφώρασα. |
| 13 | ἐφώρασα | ἐφοράω | VERB | V1SAAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 14 | εἰρηκότα | λέγω | VERB | V-RPASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Perfect|Voice=Active | 12 Βάκιν | xcomp | high | Predicative accusative participle complement of Βάκιν after ἐφώρασα. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 ἐφώρασα | punct | high |
καί οἱ καὶ τόδε ἐστὶ τῶν χρησμῶν, οἵ τʼ ἀπὸ Μεσσήνης πατάγῳ κρουνοῖς τε δαμείσης.
The sentence is elliptical: τόδε is the subject and ἐστὶ the copula, with τῶν χρησμῶν a partitive/genitive predicate; οἵ introduces a relative clause whose participle δαμείσης is feminine singular genitive, agreeing with an elided χώρα/Μεσσήνη and modifying the implied destruction, while πατάγῳ and κρουνοῖς are instrumental/dative expressions. The exact attachment of the relative clause is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καί | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | Polarity=Pos | 5 ἐστὶ | cc | high | |
| 2 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | Pp3msn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 5 ἐστὶ | iobj | medium | Dative form of the third-person pronoun, with iota subscript omitted in the tokenization; indirect possessor/experiencer. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | ADV | ADV | _ | 4 τόδε | advmod | high | Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’. |
| 4 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | Pd-ne-s | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate; the clause is nominally elliptical. |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Da-gp | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 χρησμῶν | det | high | |
| 7 | χρησμῶν | χρησμός | NOUN | No-gm | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 ἐστὶ | nmod | high | Partitive genitive with τόδε. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶ | punct | high | |
| 9 | οἵ | ὅς | PRON | Pr-nm-p | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 16 δαμείσης | nsubj | low | Relative pronoun; formal agreement/antecedent is difficult in this elliptical text. |
| 10 | τʼ | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 οἵ | cc | high | Elided τε. |
| 11 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 12 Μεσσήνης | case | high | |
| 12 | Μεσσήνης | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | Np-gf | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 δαμείσης | obl | high | Genitive governed by ἀπό. |
| 13 | πατάγῳ | πάταγος | NOUN | No-dm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 δαμείσης | obl | medium | Likely instrumental dative, ‘with a crash/noise’. |
| 14 | κρουνοῖς | κρουνός | NOUN | No-dm | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 δαμείσης | obl | medium | Likely instrumental dative, ‘with streams/fountains’; exact semantic relation is uncertain. |
| 15 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 κρουνοῖς | cc | high | |
| 16 | δαμείσης | δαμάζω | VERB | V-APP-GFS | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 7 χρησμῶν | acl:relcl | low | Aorist passive participle, genitive feminine singular; likely agrees with an elided feminine antecedent, and the relative-clause syntax is difficult. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστὶ | punct | high |