Grammar parses for passage 4.27.7
Open translation for this passage
καὶ τὴν μὲν τότε ἡμέραν πρὸς θυσίαις τε καὶ εὐχαῖς ἦσαν, ταῖς δὲ ἐφεξῆς τοῦ τείχους τὸν περίβολον ἤγειρον καὶ ἐντὸς οἰκίας καὶ τὰ ἱερὰ ἐποιοῦντο.
The sentence has coordinated predicates: ἦσαν governs the first temporal object and prepositional complements; ἤγειρον and ἐποιοῦντο coordinate for the subsequent days. The phrase ταῖς ἐφεξῆς is an elliptical temporal dative, understood as ταῖς ἡμέραις ἐφεξῆς; τοῦ τείχους modifies περίβολον in the sense of the enclosure of the wall.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 11 ἦσαν | cc | high | |
| 2 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 ἡμέραν | det | high | |
| 3 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 11 ἦσαν | discourse | high | |
| 4 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἡμέραν | advmod | high | |
| 5 | ἡμέραν | ἡμέρα | NOUN | N-ASFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἦσαν | obj | high | Temporal accusative. |
| 6 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 7 θυσίαις | case | high | |
| 7 | θυσίαις | θυσία | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 ἦσαν | obl | high | Dative governed by πρός. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | Df | _ | 7 θυσίαις | cc | high | |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 εὐχαῖς | cc | high | |
| 10 | εὐχαῖς | εὐχή | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 ἦσαν | obl | high | Coordinated with θυσίαις; dative governed by πρός. |
| 11 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 ἦσαν | punct | high | |
| 13 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 ἐφεξῆς | det | medium | Elliptical temporal phrase, with ἡμέραις understood. |
| 14 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | Df | _ | 20 ἤγειρον | cc | high | |
| 15 | ἐφεξῆς | ἐφεξῆς | ADV | D-------- | _ | 20 ἤγειρον | advmod | medium | Adverbial modifier within the elliptical phrase ταῖς ἐφεξῆς. |
| 16 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 17 τείχους | det | high | |
| 17 | τείχους | τεῖχος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 περίβολον | nmod | high | |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 περίβολον | det | high | |
| 19 | περίβολον | περίβολος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 ἤγειρον | obj | high | |
| 20 | ἤγειρον | ἀγείρω | VERB | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Act | 11 ἦσαν | conj | high | Coordinated predicate after δέ. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 27 ἐποιοῦντο | cc | high | |
| 22 | ἐντὸς | ἐντός | ADP | R | _ | 23 οἰκίας | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 23 | οἰκίας | οἰκία | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 ἱερὰ | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐντός; phrase modifies ἐποιοῦντο. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 ἱερὰ | cc | high | |
| 25 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T-NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 26 ἱερὰ | det | high | |
| 26 | ἱερὰ | ἱερός | NOUN | N-NPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 27 ἐποιοῦντο | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural adjective, coordinated with οἰκίας as an object/complement of ἐποιοῦντο. |
| 27 | ἐποιοῦντο | ποιέω | VERB | V3PIIM--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperf|Voice=Mid | 20 ἤγειρον | conj | high | Coordinated with ἤγειρον; middle voice means they made/constructed for themselves. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 27 ἐποιοῦντο | punct | high |
εἰργάζοντο δὲ καὶ ὑπὸ μουσικῆς ἄλλης μὲν οὐδεμιᾶς, αὐλῶν δὲ Βοιωτίων καὶ Ἀργείων·
The phrase is elliptical after ὑπὸ μουσικῆς: οὐδεμιᾶς... αὐλῶν Βοιωτίων καὶ Ἀργείων contrasts no other music with Boeotian and Argive pipe-music; the exact attachment of the second genitive is somewhat interpretive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | εἰργάζοντο | ἐργάζομαι | VERB | V-3IIM/P-3P | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 εἰργάζοντο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 εἰργάζοντο | cc | high | Coordinating/additive particle. |
| 4 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 μουσικῆς | case | high | With genitive, indicating agency or instrumental influence. |
| 5 | μουσικῆς | μουσική | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 εἰργάζοντο | obl | high | Genitive complement of ὑπό. |
| 6 | ἄλλης | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 οὐδεμιᾶς | amod | high | |
| 7 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PRT | _ | 8 οὐδεμιᾶς | discourse | high | Correlative contrast anticipates δέ. |
| 8 | οὐδεμιᾶς | οὐδείς | PRON | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Polarity=Neg | 5 μουσικῆς | nmod | high | Substantival genitive: no other kind of music. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 οὐδεμιᾶς | punct | high | |
| 10 | αὐλῶν | αὐλός | NOUN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 εἰργάζοντο | obl | medium | Elliptical genitive after οὐδεμιᾶς/μουσικῆς: except/in the case of Boeotian and Argive pipes or pipe-music. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 10 αὐλῶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective in the μὲν...δέ contrast. |
| 12 | Βοιωτίων | Βοιωτός | ADJ | A-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 αὐλῶν | amod | high | Ethnic adjective modifying αὐλῶν. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Ἀργείων | cc | high | |
| 14 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | ADJ | A-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 αὐλῶν | conj | high | Ethnic adjective coordinated with Βοιωτίων and modifying αὐλῶν. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 εἰργάζοντο | punct | high |
τά τε Σακάδα καὶ Προνόμου μέλη τότε δὴ προήχθη μάλιστα ἐς ἅμιλλαν.
The neuter plural subject μέλη is coordinated with two genitives (Σακάδα and Προνόμου) dependent on it; προήχθη is passive, ‘were brought forward/introduced,’ with ἐς ἅμιλλαν as goal. τά τε is the first element of the correlative/parallel coordination τά τε … καὶ …; δὴ is an emphatic particle.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τά | ὁ | DET | RA-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 μέλη | det | high | |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 καὶ | cc | high | Correlative/parallel coordinating particle with καί. |
| 3 | Σακάδα | Σακάδας | PROPN | NEP-AMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μέλη | nmod | medium | Personal name in the genitive; form is syncretic with accusative, but genitive is required by μέλη (‘the pieces/compositions of Sakadas’). |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 6 μέλη | cc | high | |
| 5 | Προνόμου | Προνόμος | PROPN | NEP-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 μέλη | conj | high | Second coordinated genitive name. |
| 6 | μέλη | μέλος | NOUN | NB-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 9 προήχθη | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 7 | τότε | τότε | ADV | D------- | AdvType=Tim | 9 προήχθη | advmod | high | |
| 8 | δὴ | δή | PART | _ | _ | 7 τότε | advmod:emph | high | Emphatic particle modifying τότε. |
| 9 | προήχθη | προάγω | VERB | V3SPIA---- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Passive singular agrees with neuter plural subject μέλη. |
| 10 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | Degree=Sup | 9 προήχθη | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 ἅμιλλαν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 12 | ἅμιλλαν | ἅμιλλα | NOUN | NB-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 προήχθη | obl | high | Goal/destination complement of προάγω. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 προήχθη | punct | high |
αὐτῇ μὲν δὴ τῇ πόλει Μεσσήνην ἔθεντο ὄνομα, ἀνῴκιζον δὲ καὶ ἄλλα πολίσματα.
The first clause uses dative πόλει as the entity receiving the assigned name, with Μεσσήνην and ὄνομα as coordinated naming objects; the second verb is coordinated and shares the implicit plural subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | A-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πόλει | det | high | Emphatic/identificational pronoun modifying πόλει. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G######## | _ | 7 ἔθεντο | discourse | high | Correlative particle, answered by δέ. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G######## | _ | 7 ἔθεντο | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | T-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 πόλει | det | high | |
| 5 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔθεντο | obl | high | Dative of respect/reference with ἔθεντο. |
| 6 | Μεσσήνην | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | Ne-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἔθεντο | obj | high | Name assigned to the city. |
| 7 | ἔθεντο | τίθημι | VERB | V-3PAMI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle aorist of τίθημι, ‘they gave/assigned’. |
| 8 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἔθεντο | obj | high | Cognate/internal accusative: ‘assigned the name Messene’. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔθεντο | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἀνῴκιζον | ἀνοικίζω | VERB | V-3PIAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|Voice=Act | 7 ἔθεντο | conj | high | Coordinated imperfect verb; subject is implicit and shared. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G######## | _ | 10 ἀνῴκιζον | cc | high | Coordinating particle. |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G######## | _ | 10 ἀνῴκιζον | cc | high | Additive coordinator/adverbial connective. |
| 13 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 πολίσματα | amod | high | Substantivized adjective modifying πολίσματα. |
| 14 | πολίσματα | πολίσμα | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 10 ἀνῴκιζον | obj | high | Object of ἀνῴκιζον. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἀνῴκιζον | punct | high |