Grammar parses for passage 4.29.1
Open translation for this passage
τὰ μὲν δὴ πολλὰ ἔς τε αὐτὸν Φίλιππον καὶ τὰ ἐς Δημήτριον τὸν Φιλίππου τολμηθέντα ἐκ Περσέως ἐν τοῖς Σικυωνίοις ἔγραψα ἤδη λόγοις·
The sentence has a fronted μέν-topic (πολλά), with coordinated ἐς-phrases: the first concerns Philip himself, while the second concerns actions dared against Demetrius, expressed by the substantivized aorist passive participle τολμηθέντα; ἔγραψα is the root and λόγοις is an instrumental/dative adjunct.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 4 πολλὰ | det | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 4 πολλὰ | discourse | high | Correlative/topic particle; δέ is absent from this sentence. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | Df | _ | 4 πολλὰ | discourse | high | |
| 4 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | A----NA- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 21 ἔγραψα | obj | high | Substantivized neuter plural: ‘many things’; topical object of ἔγραψα. |
| 5 | ἔς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Φίλιππον | case | high | Epic/orthographic form of εἰς. |
| 6 | τε | τε | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 καὶ | cc | high | First member of τε ... καί coordination. |
| 7 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 8 Φίλιππον | advmod | medium | Intensive pronoun, ‘himself’, modifying Φίλιππον. |
| 8 | Φίλιππον | Φίλιππος | PROPN | Nb----AS-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 καὶ | obl | high | Object of the first ἐς phrase. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 ἔγραψα | cc | high | Coordinates the two ἐς-phrase constituents. |
| 10 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T----NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 τολμηθέντα | det | high | |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 12 Δημήτριον | case | high | Epic/orthographic form of εἰς. |
| 12 | Δημήτριον | Δημήτριος | PROPN | Nb----AS-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 τολμηθέντα | obl | high | Object of the second ἐς phrase; understood target of the actions. |
| 13 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T----ASM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 14 Φιλίππου | det | high | |
| 14 | Φιλίππου | Φίλιππος | PROPN | Nb----GS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 Δημήτριον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on Δημήτριον: ‘Demetrius, son of Philip’. |
| 15 | τολμηθέντα | τολμάω | VERB | V3PAPPNA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 21 ἔγραψα | obj | high | Substantivized passive participle, coordinated semantically with πολλά: things dared/perpetrated against Demetrius. |
| 16 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 Περσέως | case | high | |
| 17 | Περσέως | Περσεύς | PROPN | Nb----GS-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 τολμηθέντα | obl | high | Agent/source phrase with ἐκ; semantically ‘by/from Perseus’. |
| 18 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 20 Σικυωνίοις | case | high | |
| 19 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T----DP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 20 Σικυωνίοις | det | high | |
| 20 | Σικυωνίοις | Σικυώνιος | ADJ | A----DP- | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἔγραψα | obl | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective: ‘the Sicyonian [accounts/writings]’; ἐν phrase. |
| 21 | ἔγραψα | γράφω | VERB | V1SIAA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 22 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 21 ἔγραψα | advmod | high | |
| 23 | λόγοις | λόγος | NOUN | Nb----DP-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 21 ἔγραψα | obl | high | Dative of medium/means or locative context: ‘in/writing in the accounts’. |
| 24 | · | · | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 21 ἔγραψα | punct | high |
τὰ δὲ ἐς τὴν κατάληψιν τὴν Μεσσήνης ἔσχεν οὕτω.
Impersonal/elliptical ἔσχεν means roughly “the matter concerning the capture of Messene was as follows”; τὰ ἐς ... is a substantivized neuter phrase, with κατάληψιν governed by ἐς and τὴν Μεσσήνης dependent on κατάληψιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | T- —— | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 κατάληψιν | det | high | Substantivizing article with the following prepositional phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 8 ἔσχεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 5 κατάληψιν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 4 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T- —— | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κατάληψιν | det | high | |
| 5 | κατάληψιν | κατάληψις | NOUN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἔσχεν | obl | high | Object of ἐς; the phrase τὰ ἐς τὴν κατάληψιν is substantivized. |
| 6 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T- GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Μεσσήνης | det | high | Article agreeing with the proper name in an attributive genitive phrase. |
| 7 | Μεσσήνης | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κατάληψιν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on κατάληψιν: “the capture of Messene.” |
| 8 | ἔσχεν | ἔχω | VERB | V-3IAI-S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist active indicative, idiomatic introductory predicate. |
| 9 | οὕτω | οὕτως | ADV | D | Degree=Pos | 8 ἔσχεν | advmod | medium | Adverbial complement, introducing the ensuing account; may be treated as anaphoric manner adverb. |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἔσχεν | punct | high |