Grammar parses for passage 4.29.9
Open translation for this passage
πέφυκε δὲ ἄρα ὡς ἐπίπαν μεταπίπτειν τὰ ἀνθρώπινα, εἰ δὴ Μεσσηνίοις Ἀρκάδας τε ἀντισῶσαι καὶ τὸ ἀδοκητότερον ἔτι ἑλεῖν Σπάρτην ὁ δαίμων ἔδωκεν·
Main clause with infinitival content and a conditional clause; ὡς ἐπίπαν modifies the infinitive, and the second coordinated infinitival sequence depends on ἔδωκεν, with ὁ δαίμων as subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | πέφυκε | φύω | VERB | V-3SRAI-- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 24 ἔδωκεν | ccomp | high | Perfect form with present force, governed by ἔδωκεν. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 πέφυκε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 πέφυκε | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | ὡς | ὡς | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 μεταπίπτειν | mark | high | Introduces manner/degree phrase. |
| 5 | ἐπίπαν | ἐπίπαν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 6 μεταπίπτειν | advmod | high | Adverbial phrase modifying μεταπίπτειν. |
| 6 | μεταπίπτειν | μεταπίπτω | VERB | V--PAN--- | Aspect=Imp|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 1 πέφυκε | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive to πέφυκε. |
| 7 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | l-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 ἀνθρώπινα | det | high | Article with substantivized adjective. |
| 8 | ἀνθρώπινα | ἀνθρώπινος | ADJ | a-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 μεταπίπτειν | obj | high | Accusative neuter plural as object of μεταπίπτειν. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 μεταπίπτειν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | εἰ | εἰ | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 ἔδωκεν | mark | high | Conditional marker. |
| 11 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 10 εἰ | advmod | high | Emphatic particle in conditional clause. |
| 12 | Μεσσηνίοις | Μεσσήνιοι | PROPN | n-p---md- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἀντισῶσαι | iobj | high | Dative recipient/beneficiary of the infinitive. |
| 13 | Ἀρκάδας | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 ἀντισῶσαι | obj | high | Direct object of ἀντισῶσαι. |
| 14 | τε | τε | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 13 Ἀρκάδας | cc | high | Enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 15 | ἀντισῶσαι | ἀντισόω | VERB | V-AAN--- | Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 24 ἔδωκεν | xcomp | medium | Infinitive coordinated under ἔδωκεν; exact lexical analysis uncertain, but infinitive is clear. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 20 ἑλεῖν | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 17 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | l-s---an- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 ἀδοκητότερον | det | high | Article with substantivized adjective. |
| 18 | ἀδοκητότερον | ἀδόκητος | ADJ | a-s---acm- | Case=Acc|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 ἑλεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἑλεῖν. |
| 19 | ἔτι | ἔτι | ADV | D-------- | _ | 18 ἀδοκητότερον | advmod | high | Degree/time adverb modifying the comparative. |
| 20 | ἑλεῖν | αἱρέω | VERB | V-AAN--- | Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 24 ἔδωκεν | xcomp | high | Infinitive coordinated with ἀντισῶσαι. |
| 21 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | n-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 ἑλεῖν | obj | high | Object of ἑλεῖν. |
| 22 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | l-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 23 δαίμων | det | high | Article with subject noun. |
| 23 | δαίμων | δαίμων | NOUN | n-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 24 ἔδωκεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔδωκεν. |
| 24 | ἔδωκεν | δίδωμι | VERB | V-3SAIA-- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Matrix verb. |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 24 ἔδωκεν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
Κλεομένει γὰρ περὶ Σελλασίαν ἐμαχέσαντο ἐναντία καὶ τὴν Σπάρτην Ἀράτῳ καὶ Ἀχαιοῖς συγκαθεῖλον.
The syntax is two coordinated finite clauses sharing the same contextual subject; ἐναντία is best taken adverbially or as an elliptical predicate complement.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Κλεομένει | Κλεομένης | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 5 ἐμαχέσαντο | obl | high | Dative with μάχομαι, referring to Cleomenes. |
| 2 | γὰρ | γάρ | PART | X- | _ | 5 ἐμαχέσαντο | discourse | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 3 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R--- | _ | 4 Σελλασίαν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 4 | Σελλασίαν | Σελλασία | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 5 ἐμαχέσαντο | obl | high | Prepositional object of περί. |
| 5 | ἐμαχέσαντο | μάχομαι | VERB | V-AAI-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predication. |
| 6 | ἐναντία | ἐναντίος | ADV | D- | _ | 5 ἐμαχέσαντο | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial use, 'in opposition/opposite'. अस्प? Could also be adjective-like. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 13 συγκαθεῖλον | cc | high | Connects coordinated verb phrase. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 9 Σπάρτην | det | high | Article modifying Σπάρτην. |
| 9 | Σπάρτην | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-S---FA- | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 13 συγκαθεῖλον | obj | high | Direct object of συγκαθεῖλον. |
| 10 | Ἀράτῳ | Ἄρατος | PROPN | N-S---MD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 13 συγκαθεῖλον | obl | high | Dative of association/interest with συγκαθεῖλον. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C- | _ | 12 Ἀχαιοῖς | cc | high | Connects coordinated dative noun phrases. |
| 12 | Ἀχαιοῖς | Ἀχαιοί | PROPN | N-P---MD- | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 10 Ἀράτῳ | conj | medium | Coordinated with Ἀράτῳ; lemma is ethnic plural. |
| 13 | συγκαθεῖλον | συγκαθαιρέω | VERB | V-AAI-3P- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 5 ἐμαχέσαντο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb with ἐμαχέσαντο. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐμαχέσαντο | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |