Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.3.9

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Passage 4.3.9

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

81Greek tokens

2,485input tokens

5,675output tokens

Sentence 1

4.3.9 sentence 1

Tokens: 29
Input: 851
Output: 2,095
Total: 2,946

Γλαύκῳ δὲ τῷ Αἰπύτου βασιλεύσαντι μετὰ Αἴπυτον τὰ μὲν ἄλλα ἐξήρκεσε μιμήσασθαι τὸν πατέρα ἔν τε τοῖς κοινοῖς καὶ πρὸς τοὺς ἰδιώτας, εὐσεβείας δὲ ἐς πλέον προέβη.

The sentence contrasts Γλαύκος’ general imitation of his father with his greater advance in εὐσέβεια; ἐξήρκεσε takes the complementary infinitive μιμήσασθαι and a dative participant.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Γλαύκῳ	Γλαῦκος	PROPN	Ne-Dat-Sg	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 ἐξήρκεσε	iobj	high	Dative subject/experiencer with impersonal ἐξήρκεσε.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	11 ἐξήρκεσε	cc	high
3	τῷ	ὁ	DET	L----Dat-Sg-Mas	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 βασιλεύσαντι	det	high
4	Αἰπύτου	Αἴπυτος	PROPN	Ne-Gen-Sg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 βασιλεύσαντι	nmod	high	Patronymic/possessive genitive with βασιλεύσαντι.
5	βασιλεύσαντι	βασιλεύω	VERB	VAorActDatSgMas	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	1 Γλαύκῳ	acl	high	Attributive participle agreeing with Γλαύκῳ.
6	μετὰ	μετά	ADP	R--------	_	7 Αἴπυτον	case	high
7	Αἴπυτον	Αἴπυτος	PROPN	Ne-Acc-Sg	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	5 βασιλεύσαντι	obl	high	Temporal/sequence adjunct with μετά.
8	τὰ	ὁ	DET	L----Acc-Pl-Neu	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	10 ἄλλα	det	high
9	μὲν	μέν	PART	G--------	_	10 ἄλλα	advmod	high	Correlative μέν with following δέ.
10	ἄλλα	ἄλλος	ADJ	A----Acc-Pl-Neu	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	11 ἐξήρκεσε	advmod	high	Substantivized accusative: ‘in other respects’.
11	ἐξήρκεσε	ἐξαρκέω	VERB	V3SIAa	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Impersonal/semantically sufficient construction.
12	μιμήσασθαι	μιμέομαι	VERB	VAorMidInf	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	11 ἐξήρκεσε	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive.
13	τὸν	ὁ	DET	L----Acc-Sg-Mas	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 πατέρα	det	high
14	πατέρα	πατήρ	NOUN	N----Acc-Sg-Mas	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	12 μιμήσασθαι	obj	high
15	ἔν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	18 κοινοῖς	case	high	Orthographic form ἔν for ἐν.
16	τε	τε	PART	G--------	_	15 ἔν	cc	high	First member of τε ... καί coordination.
17	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	L----Dat-Pl-Neu	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 κοινοῖς	det	high
18	κοινοῖς	κοινός	ADJ	A----Dat-Pl-Neu	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	12 μιμήσασθαι	obl	high	Substantivized: public affairs.
19	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	22 ἰδιώτας	cc	high	Coordinates the two domains of imitation.
20	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	R--------	_	22 ἰδιώτας	case	high
21	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	L----Acc-Pl-Mas	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	22 ἰδιώτας	det	high
22	ἰδιώτας	ἰδιώτης	NOUN	N----Acc-Pl-Mas	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	18 κοινοῖς	obl	high	Coordinated with ἐν τοῖς κοινοῖς; πρὸς governs the accusative.
23	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	24 εὐσεβείας	punct	high
24	εὐσεβείας	εὐσέβεια	NOUN	N----Gen-Sg-Fem	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	28 προέβη	obl	high	Partitive/measure genitive with προέβη.
25	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	28 προέβη	cc	high	Contrasts εὐσεβείας with τὰ ἄλλα.
26	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	27 πλέον	case	high	Variant form of εἰς.
27	πλέον	πλείων	ADJ	A----Acc-Sg-Neu	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	28 προέβη	obl	high	Substantivized comparative, ‘to a greater degree’.
28	προέβη	προβαίνω	VERB	V3SIAa	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	11 ἐξήρκεσε	conj	high	Second coordinated predicate under δέ.
29	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	11 ἐξήρκεσε	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.3.9 sentence 2

Tokens: 33
Input: 873
Output: 2,131
Total: 3,004

καὶ γὰρ τοῦ Διὸς τὸ ἐπὶ τῇ κορυφῇ τῆς Ἰθώμης τέμενος, ἀνέντων Πολυκάονος καὶ Μεσσήνης, οὐκ ἔχον παρὰ τοῖς Δωριεῦσι πω τιμάς, Γλαῦκος ἦν ὁ καὶ τούτοις σέβειν καταστησάμενος·

The main predication is Γλαῦκος ἦν ... καταστησάμενος, with τέμενος as the nominative subject of the preceding descriptive participial material; ἀνέντων Πολυκάονος καὶ Μεσσήνης is treated as a genitive absolute.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	27 ἦν	cc	high
2	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	_	_	27 ἦν	advmod	high
3	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Διὸς	det	high
4	Διὸς	Ζεύς	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	11 τέμενος	nmod	high
5	τὸ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	11 τέμενος	det	high
6	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	_	_	8 κορυφῇ	case	high
7	τῇ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 κορυφῇ	det	high
8	κορυφῇ	κορυφή	NOUN	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	11 τέμενος	nmod	high
9	τῆς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 Ἰθώμης	det	high
10	Ἰθώμης	Ἰθώμη	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 κορυφῇ	nmod	high
11	τέμενος	τέμενος	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	27 ἦν	nsubj	high
12	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἀνέντων	punct	high
13	ἀνέντων	ἀνίημι	VERB	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	11 τέμενος	acl	medium	Genitive absolute; form and exact semantic value are somewhat difficult.
14	Πολυκάονος	Πολυκάων	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 ἀνέντων	nsubj	high
15	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	16 Μεσσήνης	cc	high
16	Μεσσήνης	Μεσσήνη	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	13 ἀνέντων	nsubj	high
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	13 ἀνέντων	punct	high
18	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	_	_	19 ἔχον	advmod	high
19	ἔχον	ἔχω	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	11 τέμενος	acl	high	Participial modifier of τέμενος.
20	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	_	_	22 Δωριεῦσι	case	high
21	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	22 Δωριεῦσι	det	high
22	Δωριεῦσι	Δωριεύς	PROPN	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	19 ἔχον	obl	high
23	πω	πω	ADV	_	_	19 ἔχον	advmod	high	Enclitic temporal adverb, ‘yet/still’.
24	τιμάς	τιμή	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	19 ἔχον	obj	high
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	27 ἦν	punct	high
26	Γλαῦκος	Γλαῦκος	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	27 ἦν	nsubj	high
27	ἦν	εἰμί	AUX	_	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
28	ὁ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	32 καταστησάμενος	det	medium	Article introducing a substantivized/relativized participial expression.
29	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	31 σέβειν	advmod	medium	Adverbial καί, ‘also/even’.
30	τούτοις	οὗτος	PRON	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	31 σέβειν	iobj	high	Dative with σέβειν.
31	σέβειν	σέβω	VERB	_	Aspect=Imp\|Mood=Inf\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	32 καταστησάμενος	xcomp	high
32	καταστησάμενος	καθίστημι	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	27 ἦν	xcomp	high	Predicative participle with ἦν; subject is Γλαῦκος.
33	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	27 ἦν	punct	high

Sentence 3

4.3.9 sentence 3

Tokens: 19
Input: 761
Output: 1,449
Total: 2,210

καὶ Μαχάονι τῷ Ἀσκληπιοῦ πρῶτος ἔθυσεν ἐν Γερηνίᾳ, γέρα δὲ ἀπένειμε Μεσσήνῃ τῇ Τριόπα τὰ νομιζόμενα ἥρωσιν.

The sentence coordinates ἔθυσεν and ἀπένειμε; τὰ νομιζόμενα ἥρωσιν is a substantivized participial phrase meaning the customary honors/offerings for heroes.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	6 ἔθυσεν	cc	high
2	Μαχάονι	Μαχάων	PROPN	N--DSM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἔθυσεν	iobj	high	Recipient of sacrifice.
3	τῷ	ὁ	DET	S--DSM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	4 Ἀσκληπιοῦ	det	high
4	Ἀσκληπιοῦ	Ἀσκληπιός	PROPN	N--GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	2 Μαχάονι	appos	medium	Genitive identifying Μαχάων as son/descendant of Asclepius; τῷ Ἀσκληπιοῦ is appositional to Μαχάονι.
5	πρῶτος	πρῶτος	ADJ	A--NSM-	Case=Nom\|Degree=Pos\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἔθυσεν	nsubj	high	Predicate-subject adjective, ‘first’.
6	ἔθυσεν	θύω	VERB	V-AAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
7	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R	_	8 Γερηνίᾳ	case	high
8	Γερηνίᾳ	Γερηνία	PROPN	N--DSF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 ἔθυσεν	obl	high	Place of sacrificing.
9	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἔθυσεν	punct	high
10	γέρα	γέρας	NOUN	N--APN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	12 ἀπένειμε	obj	high	Objects/gifts distributed.
11	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	_	_	12 ἀπένειμε	cc	high
12	ἀπένειμε	ἀπονέμω	VERB	V-AAI-3S-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Past\|Voice=Act	6 ἔθυσεν	conj	high	Coordinated finite verb.
13	Μεσσήνῃ	Μεσσήνη	PROPN	N--DSF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 ἀπένειμε	iobj	high	Recipient of the apportionment.
14	τῇ	ὁ	DET	S--DSF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 Τριόπα	det	high
15	Τριόπα	Τριόπας	PROPN	N--GSM-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	13 Μεσσήνῃ	nmod	medium	Genitive dependent on Μεσσήνῃ: Messenian/‘of Triopas’ attribution; form is ambiguous in isolation but syntax favors genitive proper name.
16	τὰ	ὁ	DET	S--APN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	17 νομιζόμενα	det	high
17	νομιζόμενα	νομίζω	VERB	V-PPN-APN-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	10 γέρα	acl	high	Substantivized passive participle, ‘customary/accepted things’.
18	ἥρωσιν	ἥρως	NOUN	N--DPM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 νομιζόμενα	obl	medium	Dative of reference/recipient with νομιζόμενα, ‘customary for heroes’; exact attachment is somewhat uncertain.
19	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἔθυσεν	punct	high

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