Grammar parses for passage 4.31.11
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ καὶ Μεσσήνης τῆς Τριόπα ναὸς καὶ ἄγαλμα χρυσοῦ καὶ λίθου Παρίου·
Existential εἰμί has a coordinated nominal predicate: ναός and ἄγαλμα; Μεσσήνης τῆς Τριόπα is a genitive phrase dependent on ναός, with Τριόπα as the dependent name. The material genitives χρυσοῦ and λίθου Παρίου depend on ἄγαλμα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 ναὸς | cop | high | Existential/copular verb with coordinated nominal predicate. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 ναὸς | cc | high | Connective additive particle introducing the clause. |
| 4 | Μεσσήνης | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ναὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναός: temple of Messene. |
| 5 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 Τριόπα | det | high | Article with the genitive personal name. |
| 6 | Τριόπα | Τριόπας | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Μεσσήνης | nmod | medium | Genitive name specifying Μεσσήνης; form is identical to some other cases in this name's inflection. |
| 7 | ναὸς | ναός | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | First coordinated nominal predicate of εἰμί. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 9 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | Coordinates the second nominal predicate. |
| 9 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ναὸς | conj | high | Second coordinated nominal predicate. |
| 10 | χρυσοῦ | χρυσοῦς | ADJ | A-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | amod | high | Material adjective, gold. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 λίθου | cc | high | Coordinates the material genitives. |
| 12 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Material genitive dependent on ἄγαλμα. |
| 13 | Παρίου | Πάριος | ADJ | A-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 λίθου | amod | high | Adjective specifying Parian stone. |
| 14 | · | · | PUNCT | U-------- | _ | 7 ναὸς | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
γραφαὶ δὲ κατὰ τοῦ ναοῦ τὸ ὄπισθεν αἱ βασιλεύσαντές εἰσι Μεσσήνης, πρὶν μὲν ἢ στόλον ἀφικέσθαι τὸν Δωριέων ἐς Πελοπόννησον Ἀφαρεὺς καὶ οἱ παῖδες, κατελθόντων δὲ Ἡρακλειδῶν Κρεσφόντης ἐστίν, ἡγεμὼν καὶ οὗτος τοῦ Δωρικοῦ, τῶν δὲ οἰκησάντων ἐν Πύλῳ Νέστωρ καὶ Θρασυμήδης καὶ Ἀντίλοχος, προτετιμημένοι παίδων τῶν Νέστορος ἡλικίᾳ καὶ ἐπὶ Τροίαν μετεσχηκότες τῆς στρατείας.
The sentence coordinates several nominal descriptions of the paintings; ἡγεμών is a predicate apposition to Κρεσφόντης, while the final participles modify the Pylian names. The construction προτετιμημένοι παίδων ... ἡλικίᾳ is interpreted as 'preferred over the other sons in age'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γραφαὶ | γραφή | NOUN | N--PFN | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 εἰσι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 γραφαὶ | cc | high | |
| 3 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | P | _ | 5 ναοῦ | case | high | |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ναοῦ | det | high | |
| 5 | ναοῦ | ναός | NOUN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ὄπισθεν | obl | high | |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ὄπισθεν | det | high | |
| 7 | ὄπισθεν | ὄπισθεν | ADV | D | _ | 1 γραφαὶ | advmod | medium | Adverbial substantive: 'the back/rear part'; τὸ is substantivizing. |
| 8 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 βασιλεύσαντές | det | high | |
| 9 | βασιλεύσαντές | βασιλεύω | VERB | VAAP-PNF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 10 εἰσι | csubj | medium | Participle is substantivized and agrees with αἱ; used as the identifying subject complement of εἰσι. |
| 10 | εἰσι | εἰμί | AUX | VPAI3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 11 | Μεσσήνης | Μεσσήνη | PROPN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 βασιλεύσαντές | obl | high | Genitive of the realm/people ruled: 'of Messenia'. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 εἰσι | punct | high | |
| 13 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἀφικέσθαι | mark | high | |
| 14 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 13 πρὶν | advmod | high | |
| 15 | ἢ | ἤ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 ἀφικέσθαι | cc | medium | In πρὶν ἢ + infinitive, functions as the conventional complementizer/particle. |
| 16 | στόλον | στόλος | NOUN | N--ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 17 ἀφικέσθαι | obj | high | |
| 17 | ἀφικέσθαι | ἀφικνέομαι | VERB | V2AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 22 Ἀφαρεὺς | advcl | high | Infinitival temporal clause, with στόλον as accusative subject/object-like accusative. |
| 18 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Δωριέων | det | high | |
| 19 | Δωριέων | Δωριεύς | PROPN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 στόλον | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on στόλον: the Dorian expedition. |
| 20 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 21 Πελοπόννησον | case | high | |
| 21 | Πελοπόννησον | Πελοπόννησος | PROPN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 ἀφικέσθαι | obl | high | |
| 22 | Ἀφαρεὺς | Ἀφαρεύς | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 εἰσι | parataxis | high | |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 παῖδες | cc | high | |
| 24 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 25 παῖδες | det | high | |
| 25 | παῖδες | παῖς | NOUN | N--NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 22 Ἀφαρεὺς | conj | high | Coordinated with Ἀφαρεύς. |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 Ἀφαρεὺς | punct | high | |
| 27 | κατελθόντων | κατέρχομαι | VERB | V2AAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 30 Κρεσφόντης | advcl | high | Genitive absolute with Ἡρακλειδῶν. |
| 28 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 27 κατελθόντων | cc | high | |
| 29 | Ἡρακλειδῶν | Ἡρακλείδης | PROPN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 27 κατελθόντων | nsubj | high | Genitive-absolute subject. |
| 30 | Κρεσφόντης | Κρεσφόντης | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἐστίν | nsubj | high | |
| 31 | ἐστίν | εἰμί | AUX | VPAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 10 εἰσι | parataxis | high | Second coordinated identifying clause. |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ἐστίν | punct | high | |
| 33 | ἡγεμὼν | ἡγεμών | NOUN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 31 ἐστίν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative/apposition to Κρεσφόντης. |
| 34 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 35 οὗτος | cc | high | |
| 35 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | RD-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 33 ἡγεμὼν | conj | high | Coordinated/additive predication: 'this one too'. |
| 36 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 37 Δωρικοῦ | det | high | |
| 37 | Δωρικοῦ | Δωρικός | ADJ | A--GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 33 ἡγεμὼν | nmod | high | Substantivized adjective: 'of the Dorian enterprise/army'. |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 31 ἐστίν | punct | high | |
| 39 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 41 οἰκησάντων | det | high | |
| 40 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 41 οἰκησάντων | cc | high | |
| 41 | οἰκησάντων | οἰκέω | VERB | VAAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 44 Νέστωρ | nmod | high | Substantivized genitive plural: 'of those who dwelt'; dependent on the following Pylian names. |
| 42 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 43 Πύλῳ | case | high | |
| 43 | Πύλῳ | Πύλος | PROPN | N--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 41 οἰκησάντων | obl | high | |
| 44 | Νέστωρ | Νέστωρ | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 εἰσι | parataxis | high | Begins a further coordinated identifying clause; shared εἰσι is understood. |
| 45 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 46 Θρασυμήδης | cc | high | |
| 46 | Θρασυμήδης | Θρασυμήδης | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 Νέστωρ | conj | high | |
| 47 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 48 Ἀντίλοχος | cc | high | |
| 48 | Ἀντίλοχος | Ἀντίλοχος | PROPN | N--NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 44 Νέστωρ | conj | high | |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 44 Νέστωρ | punct | high | |
| 50 | προτετιμημένοι | προτιμάω | VERB | VRPP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 44 Νέστωρ | acl | high | Perfect passive participle modifying the coordinated Pylian names. |
| 51 | παίδων | παῖς | NOUN | N--GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 50 προτετιμημένοι | obl | medium | Genitive of comparison/reference: preferred over the sons. |
| 52 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | RA-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 53 Νέστορος | det | high | |
| 53 | Νέστορος | Νέστωρ | PROPN | N--GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 51 παίδων | nmod | high | Specifies παίδων: Nestor's sons. |
| 54 | ἡλικίᾳ | ἡλικία | NOUN | N--DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 50 προτετιμημένοι | obl | high | Dative of respect/criterion: in age. |
| 55 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 58 μετεσχηκότες | cc | high | |
| 56 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | P | _ | 57 Τροίαν | case | high | |
| 57 | Τροίαν | Τροία | PROPN | N--ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 58 μετεσχηκότες | obl | high | ἐπί + accusative: toward/for the Trojan expedition. |
| 58 | μετεσχηκότες | μετέχω | VERB | VRAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 50 προτετιμημένοι | conj | high | Coordinated participle modifying the Pylian names. |
| 59 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 60 στρατείας | det | high | |
| 60 | στρατείας | στρατεία | NOUN | N--GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 58 μετεσχηκότες | obj | high | Genitive object of μετέχω. |
| 61 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 εἰσι | punct | high |