Grammar parses for passage 4.31.12
Open translation for this passage
γέγραπται δὲ καὶ Ἀσκληπιός, Ἀρσινόης ὢν λόγῳ τῷ Μεσσηνίων, καὶ Μαχάων καὶ Ποδαλείριος, ὅτι ἔργου τοῦ πρὸς Ἰλίῳ καὶ τούτοις μέτεστι.
The finite perfect passive γέγραπται is the root; Ἀσκληπιός, Μαχάων, and Ποδαλείριος are coordinated nominative subjects. ὅτι introduces the explanatory clause, with μέτεστι governing genitive ἔργου and dative τούτοις; ὢν agrees with Ἀσκληπιός and takes λόγῳ as a dative of respect/source.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γέγραπται | γράφω | VERB | V-RPI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 Ἀσκληπιός | cc | high | |
| 4 | Ἀσκληπιός | Ἀσκληπιός | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 γέγραπται | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Ἀσκληπιός | punct | high | |
| 6 | Ἀρσινόης | Ἀρσινόη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 λόγῳ | nmod | high | |
| 7 | ὢν | εἰμί | AUX | V-PAP-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 4 Ἀσκληπιός | acl | high | Participial predicate agreeing with Ἀσκληπιός. |
| 8 | λόγῳ | λόγος | NOUN | N-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ὢν | obl | medium | Dative of respect or according to the account. |
| 9 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 λόγῳ | det | high | |
| 10 | Μεσσηνίων | Μεσσήνιος | ADJ | A-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 λόγῳ | nmod | high | Substantivized ethnic adjective: 'of the Messenians'. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Ἀσκληπιός | punct | high | |
| 12 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 13 Μαχάων | cc | high | |
| 13 | Μαχάων | Μαχάων | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Ἀσκληπιός | conj | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 15 Ποδαλείριος | cc | high | |
| 15 | Ποδαλείριος | Ποδαλείριος | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 13 Μαχάων | conj | high | |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 Ποδαλείριος | punct | high | |
| 17 | ὅτι | ὅτι | SCONJ | CONJ | _ | 24 μέτεστι | mark | high | Introduces explanatory/content clause. |
| 18 | ἔργου | ἔργον | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 24 μέτεστι | obl:arg | high | Genitive complement of μέτεστι. |
| 19 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἔργου | det | high | |
| 20 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | P | _ | 21 Ἰλίῳ | case | high | |
| 21 | Ἰλίῳ | Ἴλιον | PROPN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 ἔργου | nmod | high | Dative place/name governed by πρός; phrase modifies ἔργου. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 23 τούτοις | cc | high | |
| 23 | τούτοις | οὗτος | PRON | D-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 μέτεστι | iobj | high | Dative complement of μέτεστι, referring to the named men. |
| 24 | μέτεστι | μέτειμι | VERB | V-PIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 1 γέγραπται | ccomp | high | Impersonal verb 'there is a share/participation'; subject is the genitive ἔργου construction. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 γέγραπται | punct | high |
ταύτας τὰς γραφὰς ἔγραψεν Ὀμφαλίων , Νικίου τοῦ Νικομήδους μαθητής·
The demonstrative and article modify γραφάς, the object of ἔγραψεν; Ὀμφαλίων is the subject, followed by an appositional genitive phrase identifying him as Νικίου's pupil. The punctuation after the subject separates the appositional phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτας | οὗτος | DET | RD-4AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 γραφὰς | det | high | |
| 2 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | RA-4AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 3 γραφὰς | det | high | |
| 3 | γραφὰς | γραφή | NOUN | N-4AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ἔγραψεν | obj | high | |
| 4 | ἔγραψεν | γράφω | VERB | V-3SIAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | Ὀμφαλίων | Ὀμφαλίων | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἔγραψεν | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 Ὀμφαλίων | punct | high | |
| 7 | Νικίου | Νίκιος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 10 μαθητής | appos | high | Genitive dependent on μαθητής in the phrase ‘pupil of Nikias’. |
| 8 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 9 Νικομήδους | det | high | |
| 9 | Νικομήδους | Νικόμηδος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Νικίου | appos | high | Appositional identification of Νίκιος. |
| 10 | μαθητής | μαθητής | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Ὀμφαλίων | appos | high | Appositional predicate identifying Ὀμφαλίων; Νικίου τοῦ Νικομήδους is its dependent genitive phrase. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔγραψεν | punct | high |
οἱ δὲ αὐτὸν καὶ δουλεῦσαι παρὰ τῷ Νικίᾳ καὶ παιδικὰ γενέσθαι φασὶν αὐτοῦ.
Main verb φασίν takes an accusative subject/object of reported content (αὐτόν) with two coordinated infinitives: δουλεῦσαι and γενέσθαι. παρὰ τῷ Νικίᾳ is a παρά phrase dependent on δουλεῦσαι; παιδικά is a predicative accusative complement with γενέσθαι, and αὐτοῦ is a genitive dependent on παιδικά (‘his beloved/paramour’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-+NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 φασὶν | nsubj | high | Article used substantivally as the plural masculine subject of φασίν (‘they’). |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C | _ | 12 φασὶν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-+ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 5 δουλεῦσαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive δουλεῦσαι; coordinated infinitival reports share this accusative subject. |
| 4 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 5 δουλεῦσαι | cc | high | Coordinates the two infinitives. |
| 5 | δουλεῦσαι | δουλεύω | VERB | V- AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 φασὶν | ccomp | high | First infinitival complement of φασίν. |
| 6 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R | _ | 8 Νικίᾳ | case | high | Preposition governing the dative in the sense ‘with/at the house of’. |
| 7 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 Νικίᾳ | det | high | Article modifying Νικίᾳ. |
| 8 | Νικίᾳ | Νικίας | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 δουλεῦσαι | obl | high | Dative complement of παρά, attached to δουλεῦσαι. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C | _ | 11 γενέσθαι | cc | high | Coordinates γενέσθαι with δουλεῦσαι. |
| 10 | παιδικὰ | παιδικά | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 γενέσθαι | xcomp | medium | Neuter plural accusative predicate/complement of γενέσθαι, substantivized in the sense ‘a boy-love/paramour’; form may also be treated lexically as παιδικά. |
| 11 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V- AMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 12 φασὶν | conj | high | Second coordinated infinitival complement of φασίν. |
| 12 | φασὶν | φημί | VERB | V- PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite matrix verb ‘they say/report’. |
| 13 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | P-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 10 παιδικὰ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on παιδικά, possessive/relational (‘his’); attachment may alternatively be analyzed with γενέσθαι. |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 φασὶν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |